CH. 8: Axial and Appendicular Skeletons

breastbone

The sternum is also referred to as the ______.

fontanelles

The structures that allow the cranial bones of the fetal skull to overlap as a baby passes through the birth canal are called ______________

paranasal sinuses

The structures that help to lighten the weight of certain skull bones and provides resonance to the voice are the ___________________

pubic arch

The subpubic angle is also called the ______.

wider

The subpubic angle is much ______ in women than in men.

carpal

The tarsal bones of the foot are analogous with the ______ bones of the wrist

primary curves

The thoracic and sacral curvatures of the vertebral column are classified as ______.

sternum, thoracic vertebrae, ribs

The thoracic cage consists of the ______.

inferior

The true pelvis is ______ to the false pelvis.

cord

The vertebral canal contains the spinal ________ , whereas the intervertebral foramina allow for passage of the spinal nerves.

dense regular connective tissue

What tissue is sutures connects cranial bones firmly together?

surround and protect the brain, provide attachment sites for several jaw, head, and neck muscles

Which are functions of cranial bones?

to lighten the weight of skull bones, to provide resonance to the voice, to humidify and warm inhaled air

Which are functions of the paranasal sinuses?

houses and protects the spinal cord, provides vertical support for the body, supports the weight of the head

Which are functions of the vertebral column?

sacral curvature, thoracic curvature

Which are the primary curves present in the vertebral column of a newborn?

nasal bones

Which bones are just inferior to the glabella?

sternum

Which component of the thoracic cage consists of a manubrium, body, and xiphoid process?

parietal bones

Which cranial bones are paired?

to surround and protect the brain

Which is a function of the cranial bones?

thoracic cage

Which part of the axial skeleton acts as a protective framework around the vital organs of the thorax and provides attachment points for many muscles?

vertebral column

Which part of the axial skeleton provides vertical support for the body while housing and protecting the spinal cord?

flat, broad

Which terms correctly describe the scapula?

pelvis

The sacrum, the coccyx, and hip bones make up the ______.

pectoral girdle

The scapula is part of the ______.

to protect blood vessels and nerves

What is the function of foot arches?

phalanges

Bones of the fingers are called ______.

foramen

A ______ is a rounded passageway through a bone.

scapula

A broad, flat, triangular bone that forms the shoulder blade is the ______

2,1

A cranium has ______ temporal bone(s) and ______ ethmoid bone(s)

condyle

A large, smooth, rounded articulating oval structure on a bone is properly identified as a ______.

clavicle, scapula

A pectoral girdle consists of two bones, the _______ and the _________

polydactyly

An individual with extra digits has ______.

8

Each wrist has ______ carpals.

cranial bones

Enclosing the brain is a function of ______.

30

How many bones are contained in each lower limb?

8

How many carpal bones are in each wrist?

7

How many tarsal bones are found in each foot?

malleus, incus, stapes

Identify the auditory ossicles housed within the petrous part of the temporal bone.

transverse arch medial longitudinal arch lateral longitudinal arch

Identify the three arches of the foot.

over 50

If the symphysial surface is depressed and concave, the ossa coxae is most likely from a person who is ______.

parallel

In anatomical position the radius and ulna are ______.

medial

In anatomical position the ulna is ______ to the radius.

intervertebral foramina

Lateral openings between adjacent vertebrae are called ______.

bridge

Nasal bones form the ______ of the nose.

crural

The region of the leg from the knee to the ankle is called the ______ region.

pelvis

The sacrum is part of the ______.

cranial bones

Sutures are immovable joints forming the boundaries between the ______.

body

The anterior, weight bearing part of each vertebra is known as the ______.

billowing

The auricular surface of the ilium in a young adult appears ______.

sternum, scapula

The clavicle extends between the manubrium of the _____ and the acromion of the ________

sternum, scapula

The clavicle is located between these two bones, the ________ and the _______

fibula

The crural region contains the tibia and ______

intertubercular sulcus

The depression between the greater and lesser tubercle is called the ______.

pectoral, pelvic

The glenoid cavity is part of the ______ girdle and the acetabulum is part of the ______ girdle.

lateral

The greater tubercle is more ______ than the lesser tubercle.

axial

The hyoid and auditory ossicles are part of the ______ skeleton.

femur

The longest bone of the body is the ________

true

The most superior ribs are called the ______ ribs.

30

The number of bones in each upper limb is ___ bones.

ischium, pubis

The os coxae are made of three fused bones: the ilium, the ____ , and the _______ .

hip bone

The os coxae is often referred to as the ______.

true pelvis

The pelvic organs are found in the ______.

supports the upper limb, articulates with the body trunk

What are true of the pectoral girdle?