Ch 8- Psych
Which of the following statements about encoding is incorrect?
Encoding involves the input of information into the memory system.
How did Lashley develop the equipotentiality hypothesis?
He trained rats in the correct route through a maze, then deliberately damaged their brains and observed that this did not inhibit their progress through the maze.
What is the main idea of the Stroop effect?
The brain's reaction time slows when it must deal with conflicting information.
________ encoding is the encoding of sounds.
acoustic
What does the equipotentiality hypothesis suggest would happen if the hippocampus was damaged?
another part of the brain would compensate for the damage by taking over the memory function normally managed by the hippocampus
Sharmila cannot remember what she had for breakfast last week, but she can remember the day she got married ten years ago as clearly as if it just happened. This example illustrates the ________ theory.
arousal
Which of the following is a good example of acoustic encoding?
being able to hum the tune to a song even when you can't remember the lyrics
Which part of the brain is most involved in creating implicit memories?
cerebellum
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? The step of recall, which is the conscious repetition of information to be remembered in order to move it from STM into long-term memory, is called memory consolidation.
change the word "recall" to the word "rehearsal"
What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In order for a memory to go into storage, it has to pass through three distinct stages: transitional memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.
change the word "transitional" to the word "sensory"
I am trying to learn the names of all 50 states. While I am actively remembering and recalling this information, it is considered ________.
explicit memory
When people say you never forget how to ride a bike, they are referring to ________ memory, also called non-declarative memory.
implicit
People may not intend to distort facts, but ________.
it can happen in the process of retrieving old memories and combining them with new memories
According to the Atkinson-Shiffrin model, ________.
memories are processed the same way that a computer processes information
Which of the following is a way police have changed their interrogation techniques to lower the risk of false memory syndrome? Police have ________.
modified the way witnesses are questioned
Jason studies Spanish for three years, and then switches to Pashto. When asked to remember Spanish vocabulary he can't, instead he can only remember Pashto vocabulary. This is an example of ________ interference.
retroactive
What is the tendency for an individual to have better memory for information that relates to oneself in comparison to material that has less personal relevance?
self-reference effect
Ben is asked to memorize the words canine, feline, and avian. He remembers the words by associating them with their synonyms: dog, cat, and bird. This is an example of ________ encoding.
semantic
The encoding of words and their meaning is known as ________ encoding.
semantic
What are the two components of declarative memory?
semantic and episodic
According to Craik and Tulving, how do we process verbal information best?
semantic encoding
Which concept describes the effects of misinformation from external sources that leads to the creation of false memories?
suggestibility
Elaborative rehearsal involves ________.
thinking about the meaning of the new information and its relation to knowledge already stored in your memory
Giorgio memorizes the German poem "The Erlking" to recite in his eighth grade German class. He remembers it well for weeks after the presentation, but gradually his ability to recite the poem fades. This is an example of ________, one of the seven sins of memory.
transience
Remembering ________ is a good example of semantic memory.
what the word chocolate means
Remembering ________ is a good example of episodic memory.
your first day of school