Ch 8 Quiz Child Psychology

________ children are more likely to be overweight or obese, have asthma or diabetes, or have chronic conditions and activity limitations.

BIPOC

Which of the following is true about food allergies? Children who suffer from food allergies are bigger and taller than children without food allergies. Food allergies are more prevalent in children than in adults. Food allergies are unlikely to cause life-threatening reactions. Children with food allergies are unlikely to come from families of higher socioeconomic status.

Food allergies are more prevalent in children than in adults.

Which of the following is true of early childhood brain growth and development? From ages 3 to 5, rapid brain growth occurs in areas that support associative thinking, language, and spatial relations. The density of synapses in the prefrontal cortex peaks at age 14. By age 2, the brain has attained about 90 percent of its peak volume. From ages 3 to 6, the most rapid growth occurs in the frontal areas of the brain that regulate planning and goal setting.

From ages 3 to 6, the most rapid growth occurs in the frontal areas of the brain that regulate planning and goal setting.

Susanna is a 4-year-old child. Which of the following is most likely true about Susanna? Her trunk, arms, and legs grow 4 inches longer than before. Her cartilage turns to bone at a faster rate than before. She starts experiencing night terrors. Her round toddler belly continues to grow.

Her cartilage turns to bone at a faster rate than before.

Cherry, a 4-year-old healthy child, sits with her lunch for half an hour. She barely eats anything. What should her mother do to encourage healthy eating habits in Cherry?

Her mother should remove the food and not serve Cherry anything until the next meal.

Which of the following is true about gross motor skills and fine motor skills in early childhood? Gains in gross motor skills allow young children to take additional responsibility for their personal care. Motor skills develop in isolation. The motor skills that emerge in early childhood build on the achievements of infancy and toddlerhood. The fine motor skills developed during early childhood are the basis for sports activities that often begin in middle childhood.

The motor skills that emerge in early childhood build on the achievements of infancy and toddlerhood.

Which of the following is true about sleep disturbances in early childhood? They are often associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. They are likely to be caused by disordered breathing or restless leg movements. They are independent of a child's weight. They are unlikely to be found in children with physical or learning disabilities.

They are likely to be caused by disordered breathing or restless leg movements.

Enuresis refers to

bed-wetting.

The ________ is a thick band of nerve fibers that connects both hemispheres of the brain and allows them to communicate more rapidly and effectively with each other.

corpus callosum

In the context of environmental influences on health, which of the following is true about Medicaid? It has helped states to extend health care coverage to uninsured children in poor and near-poor families. It is a government program that provides medical assistance to eligible low-income persons and families. It mainly emphasizes oral health and vision coverage for children through the administration of medicines. It primarily focuses on initiatives to prevent and address childhood obesity.

It is a government program that provides medical assistance to eligible low-income persons and families.

Claudia, a preschooler, resists going to bed every night and usually wakes up a few times at night. Which of the following should her parents do to ensure that she is able to get a sound sleep?

They should allow her to sleep with her favorite doll and her favorite blanket.

Which of the following is an example of the use of fine motor skills? Vatya hops down the stairs. Vatya cycles down a street. Vatya ties shoelaces. Vatya climbs a hill.

Vatya ties shoelaces.

Keith is 5 years old and sucks his thumb excessively. Keith's mother should

discourage him from sucking his thumb because this habit is likely to damage his permanent teeth.

From ages 3 to 6, rapid brain growth occurs in the frontal areas that regulate

goal setting

Which of the following is least likely to be recommended when trying to encourage healthy eating habits in early childhood? being tolerant of food rituals serving finger foods as often as possible insisting that children clean their plates encouraging pleasant conversations at mealtimes

insisting that children clean their plates

Unlike fine motor skills, gross motor skills

involve the large muscles.

A child who experiences a ________ appears to awaken abruptly from a deep sleep early in the night in a state of agitation.

night terror

In the context of preventing obesity, which of the following is likely to encourage healthy eating habits?

serving finger foods as often as possible

Unlike night terrors, nightmares usually occur toward morning. usually occur early in the night. cause children to become unresponsive to external stimulations. cause children to forget the entire disturbing experience the next morning.

usually occur toward morning.????

Shirley has a 3-year-old son who sleepwalks. Shirley is least likely to

wake or interrupt him whenever he sleepwalks.

Which of the following is true of children's growth in early childhood? Cartilage turns to bone at a slower rate than before, and bones continue to remain soft Changes within the brain are more outwardly apparent and less significant At about age 3, children begin to take on the slender, athletic appearance of childhood Children's growth is slowest in infancy and toddlerhood

At about age 3, children begin to take on the slender, athletic appearance of childhood.

Which of the following is true of children's growth in early childhood? Changes within the brain are more outwardly apparent and less significant. At about age 3, children begin to take on the slender, athletic appearance of childhood. Cartilage turns to bone at a slower rate than before, and bones continue to remain soft. Children's growth is slowest in infancy and toddlerhood.

At about age 3, children begin to take on the slender, athletic appearance of childhood.

Which of the following statements is true of physical growth patterns in early childhood? The density of synapses in the prefrontal cortex peaks at 10 years of age. By age 2, the brain is approximately 90 percent of adult weight. Both boys and girls typically grow 5 to 6 inches a year during early childhood. Boys' slight edge in height and weight continues until the growth spurt of puberty.

Boys' slight edge in height and weight continues until the growth spurt of puberty.

Which of the following statements is true about handedness? Children who were low birth weight tend to be right-handed. For every 100 left-handed boys, there are 123 left-handed girls. Female twins from opposite-sex twin pairs are more likely to be left-handed than female twins from same-sex twin pairs. Children who attend schools are more likely to be right-handed than children who do not receive a formal education.

Children who attend schools are more likely to be right-handed than children who do not receive a formal education.

________ is a mineral essential for the maintenance and solidification of bones and at low levels has been shown to reduce the incidence of dental caries, or cavities.

Fluoride

Which of the following statements is true of motor skills in early childhood? Gains in fine motor skills allow young children to take additional responsibility for their personal care. The fine motor skills developed during early childhood are the basis for sports, dancing, and other activities that begin in middle childhood. The skills that emerge in early childhood are independent of the achievements of infancy and toddlerhood. Developed sensory and motor areas of the cerebral cortex fail to bridge the gap between what children want to do and what they can do.

Gains in fine motor skills allow young children to take additional responsibility for their personal care.

Which of the following is true about sleep disturbances in early childhood? Most sleep disturbances persist into adulthood and require medical help for their resolution. Walking and talking during sleep are unusual in early and middle childhood. It is estimated that more than 25 percent of children sleepwalk. Genetic influences play a strong role in the occurrence of night terrors.

Genetic influences play a strong role in the occurrence of night terrors.

Inaya is a 5-year-old preschooler. Her parents notice that she has started bed-wetting since her first day of preschool, so they decide to take her to a pediatrician. Which of the following is the pediatrician likely to recommend?

He will ask the parents to be patient and delay the treatment for a few years.

According to the World Health Organization (2021), which of the following is true about obesity rates in early childhood? The lowest obesity rates are found in Hispanic children. Obesity rates are higher in girls than in boys. Obesity rates are on the rise in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings. Obesity rates are higher in white children than in Black children.

Obesity rates are on the rise in low- and middle-income countries, particularly in urban settings.

Which of the following is FALSE about obesity in early childhood? Research has shown that children, particularly those from low-income families, are likely to lose weight and show increases in fitness during the summer months, presumably as an effect of more outdoor physical activity. A tendency toward obesity can be hereditary, but the main factors driving the obesity epidemic are environmental. As growth slows, preschoolers need fewer calories in proportion to their weight than they did when younger. Children who come from families lower on the socioeconomic ladder are more likely to be obese.

Research has shown that children, particularly those from low-income families, are likely to lose weight and show increases in fitness during the summer months, presumably as an effect of more outdoor physical activity.

Which of the following statements about fluoride is FALSE? Fluoride can be administered topically, via toothpaste, mouthwashes, or gels, or systemically, via supplements or the water supply. Research on fluoride has shown that low levels of fluoride result in IQ declines. Fluoride is a mineral essential for the maintenance and solidification of bones. At low levels, fluoride has been shown to reduce the incidence of dental caries, or cavities.

Research on fluoride has shown that low levels of fluoride result in IQ declines.

Which of the following statements is true about accidental deaths in children? Safe storage of firearms, as required by U.S. laws in several states, has improved child safety. Young children typically survive major accidents because of the mandatory use of airbags in the United States. Unintentional exposure to over-the-counter medicines does not impact young children. Children are more likely to be injured in day care centers than in and around their homes.

Safe storage of firearms, as required by U.S. laws in several states, has improved child safety.

Identify a true statement about sleep disturbances in early childhood. The frequency of sleep disturbances increases as children age. Sleepwalking and sleeptalking are generally harmful and should be prevented during their initial stages. Night terrors generally peak between 8 and 10 years of age. Sleep disturbances tend to run in families and are associated with anxiety, nasal abnormalities, and being overweight.

Sleep disturbances tend to run in families and are associated with anxiety, nasal abnormalities, and being overweight.

Jack, a 4-year-old, watches an action-packed movie while having dinner. Without realizing, he eats a lot more than his usual diet. Since it is way past his bedtime, his mother immediately tucks him in. Early in the morning, Jack knocks at his parents' door and starts crying. He tells them that he had a frightening dream in which he fell down from a high cliff. This scenario best illustrates

a nightmare.

During early childhood, the increased capacities of the respiratory and circulatory systems

build physical stamina