Ch 8: The Skeletal System: The Appendicular Skeleton

Ligament

Connects bone to bone

What attaches the limbs to the axial skeleton?

girdles

lesser tubercle

more anterior

Greater tubercle

more lateral -bigger than the lesser tubercle

appendicular skeleton function

movement

The spine ends on the

acromion

intertubercular groove

groove between the greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus -AKA bicipital groove

radial fossa

head of radius

The neck of the femur is lateral to the

head of the femur

Which bone feature is most proximal when compared to the other answers?

head of the humerus

Pelvis

hip bone -appendicular skeleton

os coxa is made up of

ilium, ischium, and pubis

Movements of pectoral girdle: Lateral/medial rotation

inferior portion of scapula only Lateral: scapula moves to the side Medial: original position

What is the bone that we sit on

ischium

Humerus

largest upper limb bone -a head -head articulates with the glenoid fossa -2 necks

subscapular fossa

located anteriorly

infraspinous fossa

located posteriorly

supraspinous fossa

located posteriorly

The pubis symphysis unites which two bones

right and left pubis

Metacarpal I

Start on the thumb

What are the bones of the arm?

The humerus

conoid tubercle

-bump on the clavicle -inferior and posterior

olecranon fossa

-articulates with the olecranon process of the ulna

Sacrum

-axial skeleton

body of humerus

-shaft

Tarsals form the

ankle

iliac fossa

can only be seen on the interior view

iliac tuberosity

where the sacrum articulates

Radius Characteristics

-contains a proximal head and a neck -styloid process on the distal end -ulner notch on the medial part of the radius: articulates w the head of the ulna

How to distinguish a femur

-has a really big head

Radius

-lateral bone of the forearm (thumb side) -articulates with capitulum -radial fossa -long bone -contains a head

Right scapula

-located posteriorly -triangular shape

Ulna

-medial bone of the forearm -articulates with trochlea -coronoid fossa -long bone

What does the upper limb bones consist of?

-pectoral girdle -free upper limbs consisting of 1 humerus, 1 ulna, 1 radius, 8 carpals, and 19 metacarpals and phalanges

Lower limb bones consists of

-pelvic girlde -free lower limb: 1 femus, 1 tibia, 1 fibula, 7 tarsals, 19 metatarsals and phalanges

Scapula

-shoulder blade -flat bone

deltoid tuberosity

-sticks out -located laterally on the humerus

Femur

-thigh bone -heaviest and strongest bone -articulates with hip bone or acetabulum and knee

How many phalanges are there?

14 per hand

How many rows of carpal bones?

2; proximal and distal row

How many bones does the wrist contain?

8 small bones

sternoclavicular joint

Articulation between the clavicle and the sternum

obturator foramen

Biggest hole in the body -allows blood vessels and nerve to pass thru

Lower limb regions

Hip, knee, ankle

Is there an articulation between the vertebrae and scapula?

No

Movements of pectoral girdle: Protraction/ retraction

Punching Protraction: Move to the front retraction: move it back to the back or original position

Clavicle

S shape bone -long bone -collar bone -lines horizontally across the interior part of the thorax and just superior to the first rib

Movements of pectoral girdle: Elevation and depression

Shrugging up and down

Sternal end

articulates with sternum -flat

The head of the femur articulates with the

acetabulum

Which bone feature of the scapula is posterior

acromion

Os coxa is aka

aka pelvix girdle or coxal bone

Hyoid bone is apart of the

axial skeleton

Which two bone features compose the the condyle of the humerus

capitulum and trochlea

The three features of the clavicle

conoid tubercle, acromial, sternal end

Ulna Characteristics

contains a distal head -u shaped at the proximal end -contains the trochlear notch, oleacron, coronoid process (OTC) -Radial notch of the ulna: articulates w the head of the radius

The coronoid process articulates with the ___________ of the humerus

coronoid fossa

free lower limb

femur, patella, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, phalanges -everything but pelvic

Acromial

point of shoulder -more rounded

Sacral iliac joint

point where axial skeleton attahces to the appendicular skeleton

The head of the fibula articulates with the

posterior proximal part of the tibia

What are the bones of the forearm?

radius (lateral) and ulna (medial)

What is between the elbow and wrist

radius and ulna

Sam Likes To Push The Toy Car Hard

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform (ball on the side of hand), trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate

The pectoral girdle is formed by

scapula and clavicle

interosseous membrane

sheet of connective tissue that stays between the ulna and radium and holds them together

The pectoral girdle and the free upper limb consists of which 3 joints?

shoulder joint, elbow joint, wrist joint

Which of the following bones articulates with the femur

tibia

Where does the axial and appendicular articulate with each other?

sternoclavicular joint

Convex

sticks out

metacarpal bones

the five bones of the palm of the hand

Which carpal bone, based on its location, would articulate with the metacarpal of the thumb

trapezium