Ch. 9 Antibiotics/not complete

What can occur if a aminoglycoside is given with a potent diuretic?

Causes increase ototoxicty, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity

What antibiotics decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives?

Clients taking oral contraceptives should be encouraged to use a barrier type of birth control during penicillin therapy like ampicillin; the penicillin will cause a decreased effectiveness of the contraceptive agent.

Why should a patient report yellow eyes when using Telithromycin (Ketolide)

It can cause liver dysfunction, clients taking the drug should contact a health care provider if they observe any potential symptoms. These may include yellowing of the eyes or skin, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, dark urine, pale stools, or unusual tiredness.

How does rifampin achieve a therapeutic action against both intracellular and extracellular tuberculosis organisms?

It inhibits RNA synthesis

A client is receiving rifampin and isoniazid in combination for treatment of tuberculosis. What would the nurse need to monitor closely?

Liver function studies

A nurse is caring for a patient undergoing the second phase of standard TB treatment. The nurse knows that which of the following combinations of drugs need to be administered to the client?

Rifampin and isoniazid

Aminoglycide has limited usefulness because?

They have many serious adverse affects

A combinatin therapy for medical treatment for tuberculosis (TB) is preferred over single medication therapy?

True

The client reports cough, low-grade fever, anorexia, and night sweats. The client has also been coughing up blood at times. What disease does this client most likely have?

Tuberculosis

reaction of carbines with valproic acid to probenecid?

Val- increase risk for seizure pro-toxic levels of meropenem

amikacin?

a strong aminoglycoside that has potential for nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity in very high

Pyridoxine may be given concurrently with INH to decrease the risk of?

adverse effect od peripheral neuropathy

carbanems contrindications

allergy to betalactam or any carbanems, seizures disorders, meningitis,IBD

Why should Isonaizd (INH) should be given with caution to clients with diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, or alcoholism ?

because its effects (antagonism or increased excretion) on pyridoxine (vitamin B6) can cause peripheral neuropathy in these clients (tingling and numbness of hands and feet)

What type of antibiotic is a Carapenem?

broad spectrum, bacterialcidal against gram positive and negative, has limited use due to severe risk of fatal GI toxicities, newer ones are less toxic

Why is tetracyclines contraindicated or used cautiously for children under 8 years of age?

can potentially damage developing teeth and bones

evere hypersensitivity reactions have occurred with the administration what?

fluoroquinolones

aminoglycosides adverse effects

nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, ototoxicity, GI disturbance, superinfection, bone marrow depression

What is the importance of a patient on aminoglycoside and going to surgery?

the antibiotic given with an anethetic, neuromuscular blockage, anticoagulant, or succinylcholine can cause increased neuroblockage with paralysis and

The nurse knows that pseudomembranous colitis is a superinfection of fluoroquinolones, especially when they are administered in high doses, because these medications have what effect in the body?

the disrupt the normal flora

What type of antibiotic would require the use of a audiometric study and why?

to monitor the for clients receiving ototoxic drugs such as aminoglycosides.

what are Cephalosporins used to treat?

urinary tract infections, skin infections, and hospital-acquired pneumonias