Ch 9 Exam 2

10. Concerning the historical misuses of IQ testing, which is true? A) Immigrants scoring low on IQ tests usually did so because of a lack of familiarity with the English language. B) A majority of immigrants who were given IQ tests tended to score in the average to above average range. C) IQ tests given to immigrants in the early 1900s were valid measures of intelligence. D) Women tended to outscore men on IQ tests during the early 1900s.

A) Immigrants scoring low on IQ tests usually did so because of a lack of familiarity with the English language.

17. Which of the following kinds of items would most likely be found on a culture-fair IQ test? A) Picture completion B) Sentence completion C) Vocabulary recognition Incorrect. As your authors point out, any test that requires language skills as a main feature is susceptible to cultural bias. D) General information

A) Picture completion Correct. Culture-fair IQ tests feature abstract reasoning items that do not rely on language.

19. On a newly-developed IQ test, an individual scores at the 110 level on the first half of the test, and 150 on the second half of the test. What does this test appear to lack? A) Reliability B) Standardization Incorrect. The test lacks reliability because the scores were so different. C) Predictive validity D) Appropriate norms

A) Reliability Correct. The test lacks reliability because the scores were so different.

2. With all the controversy that surrounds intelligence testing, what is the most likely explanation as to why it is still a good predictor of classroom performance? A) The original intelligence tests were focused on predicting academic achievement. B) Many teachers focus their lessons on items contained on those intelligence tests. C) Most intelligence tests focus on vision and hearing, which are both important in the classroom. D) The creators of the first intelligence test were focused on special learners, so the test was not as difficult as it should have been. Incorrect. Because the first intelligence test was designed to identify students who did need extra help in the classroom, it was as difficult as it needed to be to identify these pupils.

A) The original intelligence tests were focused on predicting academic achievement. Correct. It should not be surprising that intelligence tests are a reasonable predictor of academic performance, because they were originally designed to identify which French children needed extra help.

1. The original purpose of the first intelligence test was to A) identify areas of academic weakness in grade school children. B) identify which children were likely to do well in school. C) identify which children were likely to benefit from vocational education. D) identify which students were in need of accelerated instruction.

A) identify areas of academic weakness in grade school children.

21. Research involving family and adoption studies have demonstrated that A) the higher the percentage of shared genes between people, the higher their IQ correlations will be. B) siblings reared together and cousins reared together have similar IQ correlations. C) the correlations between the IQ scores of cousins reared together are very strong. D) the correlations between the IQ scores of cousins reared together are negative.

A) the higher the percentage of shared genes between people, the higher their IQ correlations will be.

14. The WAIS produces scores in _____ different areas of intelligence. A) 3 B) 5 C) 7 D) 9

B) 5

15. One's verbal comprehension IQ score on the WAIS primarily relates to which type of intelligence? A) Fluid B) Crystallized C) Emotional D) Multiple

B) Crystallized

9. Justin was an average student in school. He ultimately earned his college degree, barely maintaining a "C" average. He has since been named manager of a local retail store and is responsible for the store's unprecedented success. According to Sternberg, at what type of intelligence does Justin excel? A) Social B) Practical C) Analytical D) Creative

B) Practical

8. According to Robert Sternberg, _____ is the ability to deal with new and different concepts and to come up with new ways of solving problems. A) analytical intelligence B) creative intelligence C) practical intelligence D) general intelligence

B) creative intelligence

23. The "Flynn effect" refers to A) the finding that IQ scores have stayed the same over the last decade. B) the finding that IQ scores have steadily increased over the last decade. C) the finding that IQ scores have steadily decreased over the last decade. D) the finding that IQ scores are negatively correlated with education levels.

B) the finding that IQ scores have steadily increased over the last decade.

22. Which of the following statements about heredity and intelligence is TRUE? A) Similarities in intelligence between identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different houses must be due to heredity. B) Differences in intelligence between identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different houses must be due to heredity. C) Differences in intelligence between identical twins must be due to differences in their environments. D) If identical twins are separated at birth and raised in different homes, yet still have similar intelligence scores, the similarity in their scores must be due to hereditary influences.

C) Differences in intelligence between identical twins must be due to differences in their environments.

12. Which views would the eugenics movement have been most likely to support? A) Using IQ testing as a way to measure the quality of teaching and learning occurring in the schools. B) Using IQ testing as a way to pinpoint areas of weakness in the curriculum. Incorrect. Eugenics would not have been specifically related to a school curriculum. C) Using selective breeding as a way to create an intellectually superior race of people. D) Creating IQ tests that are less culturally and racially biased.

C) Using selective breeding as a way to create an intellectually superior race of people. Correct. Eugenics would have suggested that only those with favorable attributes should be allowed to reproduce.

4. Stephanie's friends describe her as someone who has the uncanny ability to say the right thing at the right time whenever someone is in need. According to Gardner, Stephanie's skills may reflect a type of _____ intelligence. A) naturalistic Incorrect. Naturalistic intelligence refers to the ability to recognize, identify, and understand animals, plants, and other living things. B) emotional C) interpersonal D) intrapersonal

C) interpersonal Correct. Interpersonal intelligence refers to the ability to understand and interact effectively with others.

18. Psychological tests that yield relatively consistent results are said to be _____. A) valid B) normed C) reliable D) standardized

C) reliable

13. Sterilization laws beginning in the early 1900s remained on the books in the United States until the A) 1940s. B) 1950s. C) 1960s. D) 1970s.

D) 1970s.

7. What three types of intelligence constitute Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence? A) Global, intuitive, and special B) General, global, and specific C) Mathematical, reasoning, and verbal D) Analytical, creative, and practical

D) Analytical, creative, and practical

6. Which of the following principles of critical thinking represents one of the difficulties with Gardner's theory of intelligence? A) Replicability B) Diversity C) Accuracy D) Falsifiability

D) Falsifiability Correct. Gardner's theory is not falsifiable because he hasn't developed formal tests to measure the independence of the different intelligences.

11. Regarding the historical misuses of IQ testing in the United States, which is true? A) Most European immigrants were intellectually deficient and scored low on IQ tests. B) Most European immigrants scored in the average range of IQ scores. C) Most European immigrants were considered geniuses based on their IQ scores. D) Most European immigrants were identified as having mental retardation based on their IQ scores.

D) Most European immigrants were identified as having mental retardation based on their IQ scores.

3. The type of intelligence that allows you to learn to play your first few notes on a saxophone is called A) crystallized intelligence. B) emotional intelligence. C) abstract intelligence. D) fluid intelligence.

D) fluid intelligence.

5. The phrase "know thyself" most accurately reflects _____ intelligence. A) naturalistic B) interpersonal C) linguistic D) intrapersonal

D) intrapersonal

20. IQ tests for children tend to measure _____, while adult IQ tests tend to measure _____. A) logical reasoning; abstract reasoning Incorrect. While the second part of this answer is accurate, the first part is not. Generally speaking, children are not given credit for having high logical reasoning abilities. B) comprehension; abstract reasoning C) memory skills; abstract reasoning D) sensory skills; abstract reasoning

D) sensory skills; abstract reasoning Correct. Because children lack abstract reasoning skills, IQ tests focus more on their sensory abilities. IQ tests for adults, however, tap their ability to use abstract reasoning.

16. Culture-fair tests attempt to measure _____. A) the intelligence of people coming from inside the culture in which the test was devised B) cultural background C) the effects of culture on people's intellectual and creative skills D) the intelligence of people coming from outside the culture in which the test was devised

D) the intelligence of people coming from outside the culture in which the test was devised