Ch11 Quiz

Which of the following statements would indicate that the speaker is making an internal attribution?

"I can't believe she's so overweight. She must be a very lazy person."

Two schools, formerly rivals, recently merged. Needless to say, many of the students are not happy about being in the same school. The school officials want to help the two groups to get along better. Which of the following techniques is likely to be most effective?

Have them work on group projects, where no group can succeed without everyone working together.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Individuals who hold stereotypes or prejudices always engage in discrimination.

Which of the following best illustrates explicit bias?

Martha says she likes actors with British accents better than actors with American accents.

Which of the following best illustrates implicit bias?

Morton was quicker at identifying male surgeons than female surgeons.

In order to improve interactions among students from different ethnic backgrounds, a teacher would be best advised to use

a group project that requires participation by all members the jigsaw classroom technique

People are most likely to apply the fundamental attribution error to

a stranger.

Implicit bias is typically defined as

automatic stereotyped associations

Tyrone is supportive of same-sex marriage. However, the political candidate for whom he plans to vote opposes same-sex marriage. Tyrone is likely experiencing

cognitive dissonance

Members of some hate groups cover their faces and sometimes their entire bodies while they mistreat their targeted group. This can also happen if the hate group is extremely large or a "mob mentality" forms. In these situations, people find it easier to participate in crimes they would not normally commit due to

deindividuation.

Implicit bias is measured by a person's

denial of having any bias.

As Theo leaves his grocery store, a woman at a table near the door asks him to donate $10 to a cause that Theo has heard of but in which he has no personal investment. Theo politely declines; $10 feels like a lot of money to give to a charity that has no particular meaning for him. The woman asks if he'd be willing to give one dollar instead, and Theo pulls some change out of his pocket and drops some quarters into the bucket on the table. The solicitor used the

door-in-the-face technique.

The assumption that ethnic outgroups are not only different, but that other groups are inferior to your group, is called

ethnocentrism

When the Enron Corporation went bankrupt in 2001, the collapse was the largest corporate failure in history, and the name has since become synonymous with corporate fraud. Enron's board of directors failed to monitor, question, or analyze Enron's management and business practices, and billions of dollars' worth of unscrupulous activities were conducted to make Enron look more financially stable than it was. Though the board had access to evidence that something was wrong with Enron's business practices, a culture had developed in which conformity was encouraged and diverse views were not acceptable. In other words, Enron fell prey to

groupthink.

Social psychology is more interested in studying ________ in social situations, whereas sociology is more interested in studying ________ in similar situations.

individuals; groups

According to the self-perception theory, if you're not sure how you feel about something, how can you find out?

look at your behavior

Sometimes soldiers will commit acts of violence against others because they were ordered to do so by superior officers. This is an example of

obedience.

An employer who thinks that members of a specific group are inferior is an example of ________; the employer's refusing to hire members of that group is an example of ________.

prejudice; discrimination

Tori did well on her first exam in psychology. She congratulated herself for studying hard and being naturally gifted. When she failed her second exam, she became angry at the professor for creating an unfair test and for not explaining the concepts well. Tori's reactions are an example of

self-serving bias.

A stranger goes straight to the front of a long line waiting to speak with a customer service representative at a department store. In applying the fundamental attribution error, you would most likely think

that stranger is a rude person.

When many people first learn of the classic conformity and obedience studies, they often believe that the participants in these studies are weak-minded people and they tend to underestimate the power of the social situation. This is an example of

the fundamental attribution error

Which type of persuasion relies more on emotion or cues outside the message to influence?

the peripheral route

Khalid and some of his friends have decided to pool their money together to invest in the stock market. Individually, each of them is usually a relatively conservative investor, but as a group they wound up making some very daring investment choices. This illustrates the concept of

the risky shift phenomenon.

While the central route to persuasion ________, the peripheral route ________.

uses facts to present the message; appeals to the audience's emotions

Explicit bias is defined as favoring or disfavoring a group

with the conscious realization you are doing so.