CH.16

Injury to the cervical sympathetic ganglia would affect the function of the pupils. salivary glands. heart. All of the answers are correct. lungs.

All of the answers are correct.

The celiac ganglia innervate which of the following? All of the answers are correct. pancreas spleen liver stomach

All of the answers are correct.

A state of unconsciousness in which an individual cannot be aroused even by strong stimuli is coma. a chronic vegetative state. somnolence. sleep. stupor.

Coma

The ________ nervous system stimulates the arrector pili muscles and gives you "goosebumps." parasympathetic somatic sympathetic afferent dorsal

Sympathetic

If the receptor on the postsynaptic membrane binds to norepinephrine, the synapse is called anergic. synergic. noradrenergic. cholinergic. adrenergic.

adrenergic.

Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons lying along either side of the spinal cord are called sympathetic ________ ganglia. intramural collateral chain suprarenal prevertebral

chain

Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons that innervate organs in the abdominopelvic region are called ________ ganglia. suprarenal collateral intramural chain

collateral

The celiac, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric ganglia are collectively called ________ ganglia paravertebral terminal chain intramural collateral

collateral

Sympathetic nerves allow us to relax, rest, and recover. contains short preganglionic fibers and longer postganglionic fibers. control swallowing. provoke feelings of sympathy. stimulate gastric secretion.

contains short preganglionic fibers and longer postganglionic fibers.

Sympathetic preganglionic neurons are ________ and have ________ axons. long; unmyelinated long; myelinated intermediate; small short; unmyelinated short; myelinated

short; myelinated

Ganglionic neurons innervate such things as glands. cardiac muscle. adipose tissue. smooth muscle. All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct.

In what ways do the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system interact? Occasionally only one division communicates with an organ. One division may counterbalance the other division. All of the answers are correct. One division may increase function of an organ, while the other division inhibits it. Both divisions may work together for the function of an organ or a process.

All of the answers are correct.

During sympathetic activation, ________ occurs. A) elevated heart rate B) elevated blood pressure C) sweating D) elevated blood glucose E) All of the answers are correct.

E) All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following statements concerning the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is false? Preganglionic fibers are relatively short and postganglionic fibers are relatively long. Ganglionic neurons are located in ganglia within or near to effectors. The actions of the parasympathetic division are more localized than those of the sympathetic division. The ganglionic neurons always release acetylcholine. Preganglionic neurons are located in the brain stem and sacral region of the spinal cord.

Preganglionic fibers are relatively short and postganglionic fibers are relatively long

During ________ sleep, dreaming occurs. REM beta stage 1 stage 2

REM

A state of unconsciousness in which an individual can be aroused by normal stimuli is sleep. somnolence. a chronic vegetative state. stupor. coma.

Sleep

Long-term memories that are with you for a lifetime are called ________ memories. tertiary multilobar reflexive secondary

Tertiary

Collateral ganglia contain neurons that innervate tissues and organs in which cavity? craniosacral pelvic abdominal thoracic abdominopelvic

abdominopelvic

A decrease in the autonomic tone of the smooth muscle in a blood vessel would result in an increase in blood flow through the vessel. oscillation in vessel diameter. a decrease in vessel diameter. no change in vessel diameter. a decrease in blood flow through the vessel.

an increase in blood flow through the vessel.

The level of tonic activity of autonomic neurons determines the ________ of an individual. action potentials clonic activity isotonic tone autonomic tone nervous function

autonomic tone

The suprarenal medullae secrete both epinephrine and norepinephrine. norepinephrine. medullin. epinephrine. renin.

both epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Dual innervation refers to an organ receiving nerves from both the brain and the spinal cord. two nerves from the spinal cord. both sensory and motor nerves. both autonomic and somatomotor nerves. both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation.

both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation.

Preganglionic neurons of the autonomic nervous system are located in both the brain and the lateral gray horns of the spinal cord. the lateral gray horns of the spinal cord. the cerebrum. the brain. the posterior gray horns of the spinal cord.

both the brain and the lateral gray horns of the spinal cord.

Which of the following is not a parasympathetic ganglion? ciliary celiac pterygopalatine submandibular otic

celiac

The parasympathetic nervous system is especially active during which physiological state? exercise stress digestion exertion trauma

digestion

Parasympathetic functions include all of the following, except stimulation of urination. decrease in the rate of cardiac contraction. stimulation of defecation. dilation of the airways. constriction of the pupils.

dilation of the airways.

Preganglionic fibers leave the CNS and then synapse on afferent neurons. visceral reflex responses. postganglionic fibers. ganglionic neurons. motor neurons.

ganglionic neurons.

Which of the following would be an example of higher-level control of autonomic function? a violent coughing attack in response to an irritant increased salivation when you smell food that appeals to you dilation of the pupils when you enter a dark room gagging on food that does not appeal to you increased heart rate when you see a person you fear

increased heart rate when you see a person you fear

Parasympathetic stimulation increases gastric motility. causes blood vessels in the skin to dilate. increases heart rate. causes sweat glands to secrete. causes the pupils to dilate.

increases gastric motility.

Splanchnic nerves are formed of parasympathetic fibers. connect chain ganglia. control sympathetic function of structures in the thorax. originate from first-order neurons located in the upper five thoracic segments of the spinal cord. innervate the viscera or internal organs.

innervate the viscera or internal organs.

Preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic nerves synapse on neurons located within ________ ganglia. intramural collateral contralateral somatic terminal

intramural

Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system are located in the lateral gray horns of the cervical cord. lateral gray horns of T1 to S2 of the spinal cord. anterior gray horns of segments T1 to L2 of the spinal cord. lateral gray horns of segments T1 to L2 of the spinal cord. anterior gray horns of the cervical and thoracic spinal cord.

lateral gray horns of segments T1 to L2 of the spinal cord.

Conversion of a short-term memory to a long-term memory is called anterograde amnesia. memory programming. memory conversion. memory consolidation. memory engraving.

memory consolidation.

The ________ division of the autonomic nervous system is said to function during "rest and digest. visceral sympathetic parasympathetic somatomotor thoracolumbar

parasympathetic

Craniosacral division is another name for the parasympathetic division of the ANS. central nervous system. sympathetic division of the ANS. afferent nervous system. somatic nervous system.

parasympathetic division of the ANS.

A visceral motor neuron whose cell body is within the CNS is called a(n)________ neuron. postganglionic somatomotor upper motor preganglionic lower motor

preganglionic

Preganglionic fibers that innervate the collateral ganglia form the sympathetic chain ganglia. inferior mesenteric ganglia. splanchnic nerves. suprarenal medulla. celiac ganglia.

splanchnic nerves.

Specialized ganglionic sympathetic neurons that release hormones into the bloodstream are found within the chain ganglia. brain stem. suprarenal medullae. collateral ganglia. intramural ganglia.

suprarenal medullae.

Postganglionic fibers that innervate targets in the body wall or thoracic cavity originate on neurons within collateral ganglia. sympathetic chain ganglia. intramural ganglia. suprarenal ganglia. white rami.

sympathetic chain ganglia.

In general, autonomic tone of peripheral blood vessels increases when parasympathetic stimulation is decreased. sympathetic stimulation is increased. somatomotor stimulation is increased. parasympathetic stimulation is increased. sympathetic stimulation is decreased.

sympathetic stimulation is increased.

In the sympathetic nervous system, where are the preganglionic neurons located? cervical and sacral segments of the spinal cord thoracic and lumbar segments of the spinal cord brain stem sacral segments of the spinal cord cerebellum

thoracic and lumbar segments of the spinal cord

The sympathetic division of the ANS is also known as which of the following? craniosacral division lumbosacral division thoracolumbar division resting division somatic division

thoracolumbar division

The statement "It controls the diameter of the pupil" is true only for the sympathetic nervous system. true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. true only for the parasympathetic nervous system. true only for the somatic nervous system. not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems.

true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.

The statement "It initiates contraction of urinary bladder smooth muscle" is not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems. true only for the somatic nervous system. true only for the parasympathetic nervous system. true only for the sympathetic nervous system. true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.

true only for the parasympathetic nervous system.