ch.3-4 Pyschology

What is a characteristic of rapid eye movement(REM) sleep?

A level of arousal similar to that of a persons waking state

What type of waves are rapid, low-amplitude brain waves that have been linked to feelings of relaxation?

Alpha waves

Stimuli suggestive depth that involve simultaneous perception by both eyes is know as what?

Binocular cues

Ben was a cocaine addict and began therapy to stop his addiction. However, after a few days without the drug, he had intense urges to use it. He also started sweating excessively and experiencing shakiness due to anxiety. What was ben experiencing?

Craving

People withdrawing from chronic alcohol use may experience WHAT with heavy sweating, restlessness, disorientation, and frightening hallucinations.

Delirium Tremens

Why do the two lines in the Miller-Lyer illusion appear to be different lengths even though they are the same length?

Due to the principles of perceptual organization

Give and example of non-conscious process.

Growing hair

Define meditation.

It refers to various ways of focusing ones consciousness to alter ones relationship to the world.

Despite being blind, Brian has never had a problem performing day-to-day activities. He has been able to accurately judge the position and motion of his body parts and thus he is able to perform activities such as walking and eating quite normally. What sense is illustrated in this scenario?

Kinesthesis

When people are deprived of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep they what?

Learn more slowly

What is the type of sensory adaptation in which we become less sensitive to constant stimuli?

Negative Adaptation

When Anna moved to her new apartment, she found it very difficult to sleep because of the traffic noise in the neighborhood. However, she gradually became accustomed to the sound of the vehicles as the days progressed, and now the noise outside no longer disturbs her sleep. What instance does this scenario illustrate?

Negative adaptation

Pain results when neurons called _____ in the skin are stimulated.

Nociceptors

What cannot be experienced through sensory awareness or direct inner awareness?

Non-conscious processes

context of pain

Pain is usually sharpest where nerve endings are densely packed.

When Figure-ground relationships are ambiguous, or capable of being interpreted in various ways, our perceptions tend to be unstable and shift back and forth is a example of?

Perceptual Organization

Whats the difference between repression and suppression?

Repression is an unconscious process, whereas suppression is a conscious process

Exposure to very loud sounds can lead to damage of the auditory nerve or hair cells, resulting in what?

Sensorineural deafness

What is considered the psychological factors that influence people and their sense of perception?

Signal-detection Theory

Darren is on the way to his university to write and exam. He is disturbed by thoughts of failing because he is not prepared for the exam. However, he pushes away thoughts of failing and focuses on studying. What is Darren using?

Suppression

What refers to the deliberate placing of certain ideas, impulses, or images out of awareness?

Suppression

What is a sign of sleep apnea?

The obstruction of air passages

What refers to the tendency to perceive a broken figure as being complete or whole?

The principle of closure

What is a consequence of regular usage of opiates?

They stop the production of neurotransmitters in the brain.

What is the habituation to a drug, with the result that increasingly higher doses of the drug are needed to achieve similar effects.

Tolerance

True or False? : Freud argued that dreams express impulses we would censor during the day.

True

Which of the following senses is dominant in human beings?

Vision

What is the fraction of the intensity by which a source of physical energy must be increased or decreased so that a difference in intensity will be perceived?

Weber's Constant

The ______ conducts sensory input to the brain, where it is relayed to the visual area of the occipital lobe.

optic nerve

What is the view that perception of sensory stimuli involves the interaction of physical, biological, and psychological factors?

Signal-detection theory