Ch.4 quiz

Research on the use of cell phones while driving indicates that

the main effect of cell phone use on driving safety can be attributed to the fact that attention is used up by the cognitive task of talking on the phone.

Which of the following best describes the result of attention in the context of perception?

Enhancement

The cocktail party effect is

the ability to pay attention to one stimulus while filtering out other stimuli.

With the Stroop effect, you would expect to find longest response times when

the color and the name differed

Broadbent's model is called the early selection model because

the filter eliminates the unattended information right at the beginning of the flow of information

A bottom-up process is involved in fixating on an area of a scene that

has high stimulus salience

A high threshold in Treisman's model of attention implies that

it takes a strong signal to cause activation

Which of the following is an experimental procedure used to study how attention affects the processing of competing stimuli?

dichotic listening

__________ is the process by which features such as color, form, motion, and location are combined to create our perception of a coherent object.

Binding

The difficulty we have in recognizing even an obvious alteration in a scene is called __________ blindness.

Change

The ability to focus on one stimulus while filtering out other stimuli is called

Cocktail party effect

Suppose you are in your kitchen writing a grocery list, while your roommate is watching TV in the next room. A commercial for spaghetti sauce comes on TV. Although you are not paying attention to the TV, you "suddenly" remember that you need to pick up spaghetti sauce and add it to the list. Your behavior is best predicted by which of the following models of attention?

Late selection

Lan has no idea what she just read in her text because she was thinking about how hungry she is and what she is going to have for dinner. This is a real-world example of

Mind wandering

How does perceptual load differ from processing capacity?

Perceptual load is individual and processing capacity is universal.

Which of the following attention model components produces two levels of output?

Treisman's attenuator

Illusory conjunctions are

combinations of features from different stimuli

The technique where the participant's task is to focus on the message in one ear, called the attended ear, and to repeat what he or she is hearing out loud is known as

dichotic listening

Scene schema is

knowledge about what is contained in a typical scene.

Suppose twin teenagers are vying for their mother's attention. The mother is trying to pay attention to one of her daughters, though both girls are talking (one about her boyfriend, one about a school project). According to the operating characteristics of Treisman's attenuator, it is most likely the attenuator is analyzing the incoming messages in terms of

meaning

The "filter model" proposes that the filter identifies the attended message based on

physical characteristics.