Ch.8 Special Senses {HW and quiz}

Hearing and Transmission of Sound

1) Tympanic Membrane 2) Malleus 3) Incus 4) Stapes 5) Oval Window 6) Cochlea 7) Organ of Corti

The vibration of sound waves cause the tympanic membrane, or eardrum, to move against an ossicle known as ________.

?malleus or hammer?

Select the pathway along which images received by the retina of the eye will travel into the brain ________.

?optic nerve, optic chiasma, optic tracts, thalamus, optic radiation, occipital lobe?

The fusion of ear bones is known as ________.

?otosclerosis?

Our sense of static equilibrium is created by the ________.

?stimulation of hair cells in the spiral organ of Corti

Dynamic equilibrium receptors that detect information about angular or rotational movements of the head are housed in the ________

?vestibule?

"Dynamic equilibrium is detected by the ___."

Crista Ampullaris

Dynamic Equilibrium

*Dynamic equilibrium monitors angular or rotational movements of the head when the body is moving. *An example of dynamic equilibrium occurs when a figure skater spins.

Static Equilibrium

*Static equilibrium monitors head position when the body is not moving. *An example of static equilibrium occurs when nodding one's head "yes."

Which of the following is a sex-linked condition that more often affects males?

color blindess

Which of the following structures refract light before it hits the retina? a) cornea and lens only b) lens only c) cornea, humors, and lens d) pupil

cornea, humors, and lens

"The bending of dynamic equilibrium receptors is caused by the ______."

cupula

Which of these can cause sensorineural deafness? a) otitis media b) rupture of the eardrum c) otosclerosis d) degeneration of the hair cells in the spiral organ of Corti

degeneration of the hair cells in the spiral organ of Corti

The three cranial nerves that carry taste sensations to the brain are ________.

facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

What condition results from an abnormally high pressure inside the eye? a) glaucoma b) cataract c) presbyopia d) myopia

glaucoma

"Hearing receptors are called_____"

hair cells

"Sound waves cause the ____ to vibrate first."

hair cells

Loss of the same side of the visual field of both eyes from damage to the visual cortex on one side only is called ________.

hemianopia

What is a possible cause of conduction deafness? a) loss of hair cells b) inability of auditory ossicles to vibrate c) damage to the semicircular ducts d) damage to the auditory cortex of the brain

inability of auditory ossicles to vibrate

The pigmented portion of the eye that has a rounded opening through which light passes is the ________.

iris

The pupil is an opening within the ________.

iris

What gland releases tears onto the anterior surface of the eyeball?

lacrimal

Which of these structures is part of the system that produces and drains tears? a) conjunctiva b) tarsal gland c) lacrimal gland d) palpebrae

lacrimal gland

Which of the external eye muscles is controlled by cranial nerve VI (abducens)?

lateral rectus

"Static equilibrium is detected by _____."

maculae

Which of the following is the auditory ossicle that attaches to the tympanic membrane? a) incus (anvil) b) cochlea c) malleus (hammer) d) stapes (stirrup)

malleus (hammer)

Which of the following stimulates the hair cells found within the spiral organ of Corti? a) b) c) d)

movement of the tectorial membrane

Which of these is associated with rods? a) night vision b) color vision c) visual acuity d) fovea centralis

night vision

Where do the axons of ganglion cells leave the eyeball? a) fovea centralis b) ciliary body c) cornea d) optic disc

optic disc

"The bending of static equilibrium receptors is caused by ______"

otoliths

The innermost sensory layer of the eye that contains bipolar cells and ganglion cells is the ________.

retina

Which of these is part of the sensory layer of the eye? a) vitreous humor b) choroid c) retina d) ciliary body

retina

"Dynamic equilibrium receptors are located in the ____"

semicircular canals

What part of the inner ear is contains receptors for dynamic equilibrium? a) maculae b) semicircular canals c) vestibule d) otoliths

semicircular canals

What is umami? a) sense of taste elicited by the amino acid glutamate b) a type of papilla containing taste buds c) loss of sense of smell d) loss of equilibrium

sense of taste elicited by the amino acid glutamate

"Crossed eyes" resulting from unequal control of the external eye muscles is called ________.

strabismus

The five taste sensations are ________.

sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami

The external acoustic meatus (auditory canal) is a narrow chamber situated in the ________ bone.

temporal

Where are olfactory receptors located? a) the superior region of the nasal cavity b) the paranasal sinuses c) papillae d) olfactory bulbs

the superior region of the nasal cavity

"Static equilibrium receptors are located in the ______."

vestibule

The only special sense that is NOT fully functional at birth is ________.

vision

Hearing and Equilibrium

Inner ear

Hearing

Outer and Middle ear

What term refers to the ability to focus on close objects? a) accommodation b) emmetropia c) astigmatism d) refraction

accommodation

"As a result of this vibration, ______ is/ are bent."

basilar membrane

"Hearing receptors are connected to the _____ by supporting cells."

basilar membrane

________ deafness arises when there is damage or degeneration of receptor cells in the spiral organ of Corti, cochlear nerve, or neurons in the auditory cortex of the brain.

Sensorineural

"The structure that bends the hearing receptors but does not vibrate itself is____?"

Tectorial Membrane

How do organs of equilibrium help us maintain our balance?

The macula sends information on head position and the crista ampullaris sends information on rotation movements to the cerebellum for integration.