Ch.8.1 Food and Nutrition

saturated fats

- Are usually solid at room temperature. - No more than 30 percent of your calories should come from fat. - Reduce your intake of ______________ ___ by substituting low fat foods such as reduced fat milk and cheese. Plant based foods such as grain products, vegetables, and friut are als excellent substitutes for high fat foods.

unsaturated fats

- are usually liquid at room temperature - classified as either monounsaturated fats, which may turn cloudy as they cool or polysaturated fats, which stay clear as they cool. - most vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds contain unsaturated fats.

proteins

-Nutrients that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen -Like carbohydrates and fats, can serve as a source of energy. -The main function is to promote growth and repair of your body's tissue. -long chains of smaller "links" that are bonded together chemically. -These smaller links are known as amino acids. -foods include meats, eggs, poultry, and milk.

20, nine, body, essential, complete, plant, incomplete, lacks

-The proteins in your body are made up of about ___ different amino acids. -Your diet has to supply ____ of these amino acids and your _____ manufactures the rest. -The nine amino acids that the body cannot manufacture are called ___________ amino acids. -Protein from animal sources are considered to be ___________ proteins because they contain all nine essential amino acids. In contrast, protein from _____ sources are considered to be ____________ because it _____ one or more essential amino acids.

cholesterol

Avoiding saturated and trans fats lowers your _____________

7

How many minerals does your body need in significant amounts?

proteins

Nutrients that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are called...

saturated, unsaturated, hydrogenated, trans fat

To improve our diet, some food manufacturers have replaced the _____________ fats in their products with _____________ fats. In many cases the unsaturated fats are ________________. The hydrogenated fat is called _______ ____ Trans fat are found in baked goods, fried foods, and margarines.

false

True or False: Nutrient-dense foods contain lots of vitamins and minerals relative to the number of nutrients.

unsaturated and saturated

What are the 2 forms that fats come in?

grains

What is an excellent example of starches?

help the body use other nutrients

What is one of the main functions of vitamins?

vitamins

What nutrient is NOT used by the body as a source of energy?

50 to 60

What percent of a person's calories should come from carbohydrates?

starch, simple, bloodstream

When you eat foods containing _______, your digestive system breaks the starch into __________ sugars that can be absorbed into your ________________.

chemical, energy

When your body uses the nutrients in foods, a series of ___________ reactions occurs inside your cells. As a result _________ is released.

40, nutrition

Your body requires over ___ different nutrients and this process by which your body takes in and uses these nutrients is called ___________.

fiber, broken, absorbed

_____ is not a nutrient because it can't be __________ down and then ____________ into your bloodstream.

fats, energy, structure, temperature, protect

_____ supply your body with ____________, form part of the ___________ of the cells, maintain body _______________, and _________ the nerves and tissues.

simple, sugars, glucose, energy

______ carbohydrates consist of _______. There are several types of sugars, but _________ is the most important, because it is the major provider of ____________ for your body's cells.

complex, chemically

_________ carbohydrates are made of up of sugars that are linked together ____________ to form long chains.

sugars

_________ give short quick bursts of energy.

starches, sugars, long term

__________ are recommended over _________ because starches are better providers of ______ ______ sustained energy.

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water

_______________________, _____ and __________ can all be used by the body as sources of energy; _________, ___________, and ______ perform other essential functions.

calories

amount of energy released when nutrients are burned

metabolism

chemical processes by which your body breaks down food to release this energy.

twice

fats have _______ as many calories as carbohydrates

digested

fiber passes out of your system without being ____________.

constipation

fibers prevent __________________

carbohydrates

nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, and they are an excellent source of energy.

nutrients

substances that the body needs to regulate bodily functions, promote growth, repair body tissues, and obtain energy.

fiber

type of complex carbohydrate that is found in plants.

glycogen

type of starch that is stored in the body.

cholesterol, plants

waxy, fat like substance that is found in the cells of all animals, not present in __________.

simple, complex

what are the two types of carbohydrates?

starch

what is one of the main types of carbohydrates?