Chap 12

_____ occurs when an individual sees others perform certain behaviors and get rewarded for them.

*Vicarious learning

Jeff and Rob have a difficult time getting along at work. Most days, Jeff spends a lot of time cracking jokes and goofing off, while Rob constantly nags him and tells him to act like a grownup. On days when Jeff is more reserved, Rob does not nag him, hoping that this will result in improved behavior down the road. This is an example of which form of behavior modification?

Avoidance learning

Which of the following is NOT a need proposed by Maslow in his hierarchy of needs theory?

Compensation needs

Which of the following theories emphasize the needs that motivate people?

Content

_____ is power sharing, or the delegation of power or authority to subordinates in an organization

Empowerment

_____ is a situation in which employees enjoy their work, contribute enthusiastically to meeting goals, and feel a sense of belonging and commitment to the organization.

Engagement

_____ theory deals with employee's perception of fairness.

Equity

Which of the following is an example of a process theory of motivation?

Equity theory

Nelson is motivated by a strong need for recognition and is continually seeking credit for his contributions to the organization. According to Maslow, Neil is motivated by which category of needs?

Esteem

Which of the following is based on the relationships between effort, performance, and outcomes?

Expectancy theory

_____ is the extent to which doing the job provides information back to the employee about his or her performance

Feedback

Which motivation theory proposes that needs must be satisfied in sequence?

Hierarchy of needs theory

Karen is a first line supervisor at Wolfs, Inc. She wishes to increase her employee's opportunities for growth and learning. Which of the following techniques should she use?

Job enrichment

_____ systematically moves employees from one job to another, thereby increasing the number of different tasks an employee performs without increasing the complexity of any one job.

Job rotation

Which of the following is the arousal, direction, and persistence of behavior?

Motivation

Which of the following are high-level needs, according to Herzberg, and include achievement, recognition, responsibility, and opportunity for growth?

Motivators

_____ have the greatest impact, according to Herzberg, on job satisfaction.

Motivators

_____ describe the most basic human physical needs, including food, water and oxygen.

Physiological needs

Which of the following theories concern the thought processes that influence behavior?

Process

One of your fellow students is continually late to class. The professor has tried numerous verbal warnings and recently took points away from the student's grade. Based on the above, the professor's actions are consistent with which of the following reinforcement techniques?

Punishment

Which of the following theories focuses on changing or modifying employees' on-the-job behavior through the appropriate use of immediate rewards and punishments?

Reinforcement theory

Which of the following theories places an emphasis on behavior and its consequences?

Reinforcement theory

A recent study from the U.S. Department of Labor shows that the top reason that people leave their jobs is because they:

don't feel appreciated.

A(n)_____ is an example of an intrinsic reward.

employee's feelings of self-worth

The delegation of power and authority to subordinates is referred to as:

empowerment.

Carla's subordinates view her as a great manager. Not only does she get the job done, but she organizes the workplace in such a way that employees experience a sense of meaningfulness, connection, and growth. This is an example of employee:

engagement.

Alderfer referred to the needs for physical well being as _____ needs.

existence

A(n)_____ refers to a reward given by another person.

extrinsic reward

Katie dislikes almost everything about her job. The only reason she continues to work at Mace Autobody is the excellent benefits package she receives. Katie is motivated by:

extrinsic rewards.

In goal-setting theory, _____ refers to the idea that employees have to "buy into" the goals.

goal acceptance

In goal-setting theory, _____ refers to the degree to which goals are concrete and unambiguous.

goal specificity

Sally enjoys her job as a teacher, not because of the pay or benefits, but because she feels good about shaping the minds of tomorrow's leaders. Sally is motivated by:

intrinsic rewards.

A job design that incorporates achievement, recognition, and other high-level motivators into the work is referred to as:

job enrichment.

Denise has a desire to influence others, be responsible for them, and have authority over them. It can be described as her:

need for power.

According to Herzberg, _____ is an example of a hygiene factor.

pay

Bruce publicly praises his employees when they have achieved their goals. Bruce hopes this will increase the likelihood of goal achievement in the future. This is an example of:

positive reinforcement.

A high need for _____ is associated with successful attainment of top levels in the organizational hierarchy, according to McClelland.

power

Frank is primarily driven by a need to establish close social relationships with other people.

relatedness needs.

According to Maslow, the highest order needs are:

self-actualization needs.

At Rightway Industries, new hires spend a significant portion of their first week of training just walking around the factory, observing other workers and watching them get rewarded for doing their jobs well. This is an example of:

vicarious learning.