Chap 14 Development through the Lifespan, 7e
__________ contribute(s) to the unusually high U.S. divorce rate. A) American individualism B) American collectivism C) Egalitarian partnerships D) Religious zealotry
A) American individualism
__________ is positively correlated with fidelity and love for both men and women. A) Identity achievement B) Identity moratorium C) Isolation D) Role confusion
A) Identity achievement
Which statement accurately reflects a criticism of the concept of emerging adulthood? A) The term emerging adulthood fails to describe the experience of most of the world's youths. B) In the past, adulthood in complex societies has been attained at a distinct moment. C) Emerging adulthood is likely to become prominent in developing countries with high poverty rates. D) The concept of emerging adulthood is spreading in developing nations that play major roles in the global economy.
A) The term emerging adulthood fails to describe the experience of most of the world's youths.
Which statement is true about same-sex friendships? A) Women generally evaluate same-sex friendships more positively than men do. B) Men are generally more disapproving than women if friends do not meet their expectations. C) Throughout life, men have more intimate same-sex friends than women. D) Gay and lesbian romantic relationships rarely develop out of close same-sex friendships.
A) Women generally evaluate same-sex friendships more positively than men do.
After the birth of a child, gender roles of husband and wife usually __________. A) become more traditional B) become more egalitarian C) are unaffected D) are reversed
A) become more traditional
College students of Asian heritage are more likely than their Western counterparts to endorse a view of love strongly based on __________. A) companionship B) physical attraction C) passion and romance D) deep emotion
A) companionship
On average, people __________ within four years of divorce. A) remarry B) divorce again C) bounce back D) find a new job
A) remarry
In the United States today, the average age of leaving home __________. A) resembles the departure age at the beginning of the twentieth century B) is lower than it is in Scandinavian countries C) is lower than the departure age in the 1960s D) is higher than it is in Mediterranean countries
A) resembles the departure age at the beginning of the twentieth century
In Western nations, there has been an especially dramatic rise in cohabitation among __________ young people. A) well-educated B) low-SES C) unemployed D) deeply religious
A) well-educated
Which statement is true about the consequences of divorce? A) Immediately after separation, both men and women experience an improvement in psychological well-being. B) Despite loneliness and a drop in income, women tend to bounce back more easily from divorce. C) Finding a new partner is more crucial for women, who adjust less well than men to living on their own. D) Nonworking women tend to have an easier time than working women adjusting after a divorce.
B) Despite loneliness and a drop in income, women tend to bounce back more easily from divorce.
Which individual is the most likely to establish positive bonds quickly with stepchildren? A) Eula, a stepmother with no other children B) Wade, a stepfather with children of his own C) Felipe, a stepfather with no other children D) Deidre, a stepmother with children of her own
B) Wade, a stepfather with children of his own
Therapists working with new parents report that many couples __________. A) take longer paid employment leave than is necessary after the birth of a child B) are unaware of the potential impact of a new baby on their marital relationship C) know a lot about caring for infants because caregiving comes naturally to most people D) gain little benefit from participating in groups designed to ease the transition to parenthood
B) are unaware of the potential impact of a new baby on their marital relationship
In interviews with arranged-marriage couples from diverse countries who reported that their love gradually grew over time, the contributing factor most often mentioned was __________. A) passion B) commitment C) communication D) physical attraction
B) commitment
Amos and Wanda never had children. They married in their thirties, and their efforts at fertility treatments did not succeed. Amos and Wanda are __________. A) probably from low-SES backgrounds B) involuntarily childless C) voluntarily childless D) probably self-indulgent
B) involuntarily childless
While the majority of cohabiting relationships in the United States dissolve at a rate of 60 percent within three years, __________ cohabiters are exceptions to the high risk for breakup. A) engaged B) lesbian and gay C) non-college-educated D) non-engaged
B) lesbian and gay
Childlessness seems to interfere with adjustment and life satisfaction __________. A) in low-SES but not high-SES couples B) only when it is beyond a person's control C) among the highly educated D) in women but not men
B) only when it is beyond a person's control
Isaac is the child of gay fathers. Isaac will probably have __________ children of heterosexual parents. A) fewer mental health problems than B) similar gender-role behavior as C) better peer relations than D) poorer quality of life than
B) similar gender-role behavior as
Sal and Sadie have been married for 40 years. When asked to compare their current relationship to when they were newlyweds, they are most likely to say that __________. A) their marriage has more passionate love now than earlier B) they love each other more now than they did earlier C) their marriage has more conflict now than it did earlier D) they have become more like intimate friends than romantic partners
B) they love each other more now than they did earlier
According to Levinson, a second transition occurs around age __________. A) 20 B) 25 C) 30 D) 35
C) 30
__________ parenting in particular is linked to emerging adults' psychological well-being. A) Overprotective B) Permissive C) Autonomy-supportive D) Helicopter
C) Autonomy-supportive
__________ young adults are more likely than their counterparts to marry partners of another race or ethnicity. A) Middle-SES B) Religious C) Highly educated D) Homosexual
C) Highly educated
Overall, children of lesbian and gay parents can be distinguished from other families __________. A) because they are more likely to engage in adolescent delinquency B) because they have fewer friends and more anxiety and depression C) by issues related to living in discriminatory contexts D) by issues related to gender roles and gender expression
C) by issues related to living in discriminatory contexts
African Americans usually __________ than European Americans with equivalent job qualifications. A) acquire more work experience B) spend less time looking for work C) experience less stable employment D) receive more callbacks in response to résumés
C) experience less stable employment
The majority of women with children are __________. A) stay-at-home moms B) work-at-home moms C) in the work force D) earning more than their spouses
C) in the work force
Research findings indicate that __________. A) gay fathers are less responsive to their children's needs than heterosexual fathers B) gay fathers are less consistent in setting limits than heterosexual fathers C) lesbian and gay parents are as committed to and effective as heterosexual parents D) children of lesbian mothers are more likely than peers to have mental health issues
C) lesbian and gay parents are as committed to and effective as heterosexual parents
In traditionally masculine fields, newly hired women whose training is equivalent to that of newly hired men are __________. A) paid the same as the newly hired men B) promoted more quickly than men C) nevertheless paid less than men D) more likely to find supportive mentors
C) nevertheless paid less than men
Divorce rates have declined over the past two decades, partly because __________. A) premarital cohabitation rates have decreased in the same time period B) there has been a steady resurgence in religious objection to divorce C) of rising age at marriage, which is linked to greater marital satisfaction D) the poverty and unemployment rates have improved
C) of rising age at marriage, which is linked to greater marital satisfaction
Gloria's marriage was riddled with jealousy, emotional highs and lows, and desperation about whether her husband returned her affection. Though she offered support to her husband, Gloria did so in ways that poorly fit his needs. She was also quick to express fear and anger. Based on this information, it is likely that Gloria has a(n) __________ attachment history. A) secure B) avoidant C) resistant D) trusting
C) resistant
A second birth typically requires that fathers __________. A) revert to a more traditional gender role around the home B) spend more time outside the home as a wage earner C) take an even more active role in parenting D) tend to the older child less often
C) take an even more active role in parenting
More than half of births to African-American mothers in their twenties are to __________. A) divorced, single women B) women in first marriages C) women without a partner D) women in second marriages
C) women without a partner
Which statement is true about perceptions of intimate relationships in Eastern cultures? A) Trying to satisfy dependency needs through an intimate bond is regarded as immature. B) Mature intimate relationships are based on autonomy and intense emotion. C) Even today, young people do not resist if parents arrange a marriage with little chance of love. D) In choosing a lifelong partner, young people are expected to consider obligations to others.
D) In choosing a lifelong partner, young people are expected to consider obligations to others.
Which statement is true about role overload? A) It is greater for men than for women. B) It is greater for women in higher-status jobs. C) While stressful, it is linked to stronger marital relations. D) It is magnified for women in low-status work roles with rigid schedules and little autonomy.
D) It is magnified for women in low-status work roles with rigid schedules and little autonomy.
Americans Faye and Lee met in graduate school and married after they both graduated. They both work full-time. Which of the following is most likely true? A) Faye and Lee share housework equally. B) Faye and Lee share child-care responsibilities equally. C) Lee spends nearly twice as much time as Faye on housework. D) Lee puts in about 60 percent of weekly child-care hours that Faye does.
D) Lee puts in about 60 percent of weekly child-care hours that Faye does.
Which statement is true about the gender differences in career development? A) In college, women and men major in high-paying scientific and technical fields at about the same rate. B) Currently in the United States, the average woman working full-time earns 90 percent as much as the average man. C) High self-efficacy with respect to male-dominated fields limits women's career progress. D) Many women enter and exit the labor market several times, unlike the continuous career lives of most men.
D) Many women enter and exit the labor market several times, unlike the continuous career lives of most men.
Within the family life cycle, stress tends to be greatest __________. A) in early adulthood B) in middle age C) in late adulthood D) during transitions between phases
D) during transitions between phases
Adrian developed a secure attachment to his parents when he was a child. Adrian probably characterizes his most important adult love relationship in terms of __________. A) shared interests, emotional distance, and status B) dependency, security, and sacrifice C) desperation, anxiety, and fear D) trust, happiness, and friendship
D) trust, happiness, and friendship
Raymond is a single, African-American, 30-year-old man. Statistically, what is the most likely reason for his singlehood? A) religion B) education C) divorce D) unemployment
D) unemployment
The most common disadvantage of parenthood cited by contemporary couples is __________. A) a decline in marital satisfaction B) role overload C) not enough money D) inability to travel
B) role overload
When Yolanda thought about the future, she planned to get her first job at 22, be married by 24, and have her first child at 27, just like her older brother did. According to research by Bernice Neugarten, Yolanda has a well-defined __________. A) split dream B) social clock C) "feminine" dream D) life structure
B) social clock
As young adults develop romantic ties and marry, __________. A) same-sex friendships cease to be vital contexts for personal sharing B) they direct more of their disclosures toward their partners C) they disclose more to their same-sex friends D) other-sex friendships cease to exist
B) they direct more of their disclosures toward their partners
On average, people in their twenties experience __________ job changes. A) no B) three or four C) six to eight D) as many as 10
B) three or four
For most new parents, the arrival of a baby __________. A) causes a decline in marital satisfaction B) leads to a short-term rise in relationship satisfaction C) does not cause significant marital strain D) leads to a sharp increase in overall life satisfaction
C) does not cause significant marital strain
Most well-educated, career-oriented women expect a(n) __________ marriage. A) matriarchal B) traditional C) egalitarian D) patriarchal
C) egalitarian
Barry, a 21-year-old college student, has spent a lot of time exploring the breadth of his career options and has not yet made a commitment to a major. Johanna, age 20, committed to an engineering major and has been exploring her decision in depth. Which statement is most likely true? A) Barry is less often anxious and depressed than Johanna. B) Barry is higher than Johanna in emotional and social adjustment. C) Johanna is more likely than Barry to engage in health-compromising behaviors. D) Johanna is higher than Barry in self-esteem and psychological well-being.
D) Johanna is higher than Barry in self-esteem and psychological well-being.
Which woman is more likely to delay parenthood or decide against it altogether? A) Coral, who has a traditional gender-role orientation B) Renée, who has a high-status, demanding job C) Hermilia, who works at a low-level, undemanding job D) Amanda, who is unemployed
B) Renée, who has a high-status, demanding job
__________ of U.S. 18- to 25-year-olds return to their parents' home for brief periods after first leaving. A) Just over one-quarter B) Slightly over half C) Three-quarters D) Nearly all
B) Slightly over half
In partner abuse studies spanning many countries in which people are asked directly, __________. A) rates of assault experienced by men and women are similar B) men are twice as likely as women to experience psychological abuse C) women are twice as likely as men to experience physical abuse D) partner abuse is much higher in other-sex than in same-sex relationships
A) rates of assault experienced by men and women are similar
Which statement is true about gender differences in same-sex adult friendships? A) Men have more intimate same-sex friendships than women. B) Female friends often say they prefer to "just talk" when they get together. C) Women prefer to "do something" when they get together with same-sex friends. D) Men generally evaluate their same-sex friendships more positively than women do.
B) Female friends often say they prefer to "just talk" when they get together.
Improved family communication, improved parent-child interaction, and social support are all benefits of __________. A) being a stay-at-home parent B) adopting traditional gender roles C) having children early in a marriage D) parent education courses
D) parent education courses
The economic recession of 2007 to 2009 __________. A) greatly increased the number of young people in jobs that did not match their educational preparation B) decreased the number of women with discontinuous career paths—ones that were interrupted by family needs C) increased young people's access to effective mentors who were invested in their career success D) greatly decreased the number of young people in gender non-stereotypical career paths
A) greatly increased the number of young people in jobs that did not match their educational preparation
Among large, nationally representative samples of U.S. working adults, employees with several time-flexible options __________. A) missed fewer days of work B) more often arrived at work late C) more often left work early D) felt less committed to their employer
A) missed fewer days of work
Most divorces occur __________ marriage. A) within the first seven years of B) between 8 and 11 years after C) between 12 and 15 years after D) after 18 to 20 years of
A) within the first seven years of
Ellyn and Jesus are a dual-earner couple. They would like to have a better balance between work and family. Which advice would best help them combine their work and family roles? A) Ellyn should set the standard for child care and be the family child-rearing expert. B) Both should critically evaluate the time they devote to work in view of their family values and priorities. C) Ellyn should take on a greater share of household duties because she can do them more efficiently. D) Both should understand that it is probably not possible to adjust work roles to meet family needs.
B) Both should critically evaluate the time they devote to work in view of their family values and priorities.
Which statement is true about divorce in the United States? A) Husbands usually report more serious marital problems than wives. B) Men are twice as likely as women to initiate divorce proceedings. C) Infidelity and substance abuse are among the strongest predictors of divorce. D) Economically advantaged couples are especially likely to divorce.
C) Infidelity and substance abuse are among the strongest predictors of divorce.
Sonja, a recent college graduate, just started a job in her chosen field. Which relationship is the most likely to benefit her career progress? A) having lunch with a top executive in the company B) making friends with another young graduate C) selecting a helpful senior colleague as a mentor D) staying in touch with college friends via social media
C) selecting a helpful senior colleague as a mentor
Which statement is true about children of never-married mothers? A) They generally achieve better in school than children in low-SES married families. B) They are at a reduced risk for problems if their father is involved, even if he is antisocial. C) They display less antisocial behavior than children in low-SES married families. D) They are benefited by parental marriage only when the father is a reliable source of support.
D) They are benefited by parental marriage only when the father is a reliable source of support.
During the first few years of second marriages, __________. A) the divorce rate is less than that for first marriages B) the divorce rate is similar to that for first marriages C) nearly 75 percent of marriages end in a second divorce D) marital failure is 10 percent above that for first marriages
D) marital failure is 10 percent above that for first marriages
Women who pursue nontraditional careers __________. A) usually have more "feminine" traits and believe that their efforts will result in success B) are more certain than their male counterparts that they can overcome barriers to career success C) are usually low in self-reliance but are more satisfied with their jobs than their male co-workers D) usually have "masculine" traits, such as high achievement orientation and self-reliance
D) usually have "masculine" traits, such as high achievement orientation and self-reliance
Typical young adults living at home in the United States today __________. A) contribute to the family economy B) are financially dependent on their parents C) receive government support D) work full-time
B) are financially dependent on their parents
Both men and women are likely to say that __________ is a top attribute in mate selection. A) earning power B) dependability C) physical attractiveness D) age
B) dependability
Ryan is a typical emerging adult. Which of the following is he likely to say is the most essential for attaining adult status? A) constructing a worldview B) settling into a career C) finishing his education D) moving out of his parents' house
A) constructing a worldview
Giselle is an employed, lower-SES new mother. Giselle and her husband, Darryl, endorse traditional gender roles. When Darryl takes on considerable child-care responsibilities, Giselle is likely to experience __________. A) distress and disappointment B) an increase in marital satisfaction C) greater parental happiness D) greater sensitivity to the baby
A) distress and disappointment
Keisha does not ever plan to marry. If she is like most single people, she probably will go through stressful periods in her __________ due to societal pressures and negative stereotyping. A) early twenties B) early and mid-thirties C) late forties D) mid- to late fifties
B) early and mid-thirties
__________ is the most consistent predictor of marital stability. A) Religious similarity B) Age at marriage C) Acceptance of in-laws D) Educational level
B) Age at marriage
Which statement is true about mate selection? A) Romantic love is rarely an important factor in mate selection. B) Little support exists for the idea that "opposites attract." C) People rarely select partners who resemble themselves. D) Partners who are similar in personality are less likely to stay together.
B) Little support exists for the idea that "opposites attract."
Erikson believed that successful resolution of intimacy versus isolation prepares the individual for the middle adulthood stage, which focuses on __________. A) initiative B) autonomy C) generativity D) industry
C) generativity
The voluntarily childless are usually __________. A) uneducated B) low-SES C) highly educated D) unemployed
C) highly educated
In today's complex world, men and women are __________ than in previous generations. A) more skilled at raising children B) less likely to care about parenting practices C) less certain about how to rear children D) more likely to place a high priority on parenting
C) less certain about how to rear children
Ninety percent of U.S. young adults live on their own by their __________. A) early twenties B) mid-twenties C) late twenties D) early thirties
D) early thirties
Emma left home to attend college and lived on her own until she got married. As her own children grew up and left home, Emma's parenting responsibilities declined. She eventually retired and her husband died. This series of phases that Emma has experienced is referred to as the __________. A) family life cycle B) dual-loss model C) social clock D) cultural structure
A) family life cycle
According to Vaillant, men focus on __________ in their twenties. A) intimacy concerns B) generativity C) career consolidation D) spiritual concerns
A) intimacy concerns
Research on newlyweds' feelings and behavior over the first few years of marriage found that partners gradually felt __________. A) less "in love" B) more pleased with married life C) more in tune with each other's feelings D) less out of tune with each other's thoughts
A) less "in love"
At present, 49 percent of U.S. adults __________. A) live together as married couples B) do not want to have children C) have been married at least once D) cohabit rather than marry
A) live together as married couples
The recent decline in childlessness is largely due to __________. A) more educated, career-focused women eventually opting for parenthood B) a resurgence in more traditional gender-role attitudes among young adults C) a strengthened negative stereotype of childlessness as a sign of self-indulgence D) a strengthened negative stereotype of nonparenthood as a sign of irresponsibility
A) more educated, career-focused women eventually opting for parenthood
From the college years through career exploration and settling into work roles, __________. A) other-sex friendships increase B) same-sex friendships cease to be vital contexts for sharing C) same-sex friendships decrease in importance D) siblings become more frequent companions
A) other-sex friendships increase
Robert Sternberg's triangular theory of love identifies __________ as three components that shift in emphasis as romantic relationships develop. A) passion, intimacy, and commitment B) passion, companionship, and caring C) intimacy, emotional maturity, and dependability D) mutual attraction, companionship, and commitment
A) passion, intimacy, and commitment
Which individual probably has the highest number of other-sex friends? A) Alyssa, a single mother and high school dropout B) Melina, an employed female chemist C) Cedric, a married man in middle adulthood D) Barry, a married father of four
B) Melina, an employed female chemist
Which of the following 22-year-olds is the most likely to experience emerging adulthood? A) Pramada, a middle-SES female in India B) Percy, a high-SES male in the United Kingdom C) Huan, a low-SES female in China D) Albert, a high school dropout in the United States
B) Percy, a high-SES male in the United Kingdom
Which statement is true about marital satisfaction? A) Women report feeling slightly happier with their marriages than men do. B) When a marriage is distressed, women are more likely than men to express dissatisfaction. C) When a marriage is distressed, men are more likely than women to seek professional help. D) Partners who hold overly positive biases concerning each other's attributes are less happy with their relationships.
B) When a marriage is distressed, women are more likely than men to express dissatisfaction.
Which statement is true about leaving home? A) Fewer U.S. young adults reside with parents today than at any time in the past 60 years. B) Young people who left home because of family conflict often return because they were not ready for independent living. C) In the United States and other industrialized countries, residential independence decreases steadily with age. D) Young people who are employed are less likely than those who are chronically unemployed to leave home early.
B) Young people who left home because of family conflict often return because they were not ready for independent living.
In the transformation from a passionate to a companionate and compassionate bond, __________ may be the aspect of love that determines whether a relationship survives. A) passion B) commitment C) monogamy D) intimacy
B) commitment
Levinson found that during the transition to early adulthood, most young people __________. A) focused on finding a life partner B) constructed a dream that guided their decision making C) became reflective about the meaning of life D) became "keepers of meaning," or guardians of their culture
B) constructed a dream that guided their decision making
Today's emerging adults __________. A) are not nearly as likely as contemporary older adults to participate in civic engagement B) have a stronger pluralistic orientation than young people in previous generations C) are less concerned than young people in previous generations about addressing global issues D) in nearly all established democracies have a higher voting rate than older adults
B) have a stronger pluralistic orientation than young people in previous generations
Guadalupe and Julio collaborate in parenting roles, engaging in effective coparenting. Consequently, they are __________ likely to __________. A) less; feel competent as parents B) more; use effective child-rearing practices C) less; have children who are developing well D) more; be committed to traditional gender roles
B) more; use effective child-rearing practices
In egalitarian marriages, __________. A) there is a clear division of roles B) partners share power and authority C) the husband is the head of the household D) the wife is responsible for family economic well-being
B) partners share power and authority
Which couple is the most likely to equally share authority and household responsibilities? A) Emilio and Katrina, a Hispanic heterosexual couple B) Ty and Sharone, an African-American heterosexual couple C) Courtney and Eleanor, a European-American same-sex couple D) Han and Anna, an Asian-American heterosexual couple
C) Courtney and Eleanor, a European-American same-sex couple
Which young adult is more likely to live on her own? A) Mae Ling, a first-generation Asian American B) Aaliyah, an African-American college student C) Julia, a well-off European American D) Marisa, an unmarried Latina
C) Julia, a well-off European American
Which individual is the most likely to establish early residential independence? A) Peyton, who attends a local community college B) Zahara, who works part-time and does not go to college C) Makayla, whose parents are divorced and combative D) Garland, whose parents just celebrated their 25th anniversary
C) Makayla, whose parents are divorced and combative
Which statement is true about attitudes regarding marriage in the United States today? A) A majority of American adults agree that marriage is becoming obsolete. B) More than half of high-SES emerging adults say they never want to get married. C) Most U.S. unmarried young adults say they want to marry and have children. D) Marriage is not a central life goal for more than two-thirds of low-SES emerging adults.
C) Most U.S. unmarried young adults say they want to marry and have children.
__________ love is strong at the beginning of a relationship. A) Compassionate B) Affectionate C) Passionate D) Companionate
C) Passionate
When Paul started his job, he developed a close relationship with Richard, a senior colleague. Richard helped Paul succeed in his job, and with Richard's help, Paul was quickly promoted. According to Levinson, Richard __________. A) was acting out Paul's dream B) was probably going through the age-30 transition C) acted as a mentor to Paul D) probably jeopardized his own dream
C) acted as a mentor to Paul
More people seek family therapy while parenting __________ than during any other phase of the family life cycle. A) newborns B) preschoolers C) adolescents D) young adults
C) adolescents
Overall, people over age 35 who have always been single __________. A) report feeling slightly less happy than people recently divorced B) report feeling slightly happier than people recently widowed C) are content with their lives D) are happier than married people
C) are content with their lives
Just 16 percent of contemporary U.S. 18- to 29-year-olds __________. A) leave home B) are employed C) are married D) return home after leaving
C) are married
Among U.S. adults age 40 and older, 85 percent of women and 76 percent of men __________. A) are married B) have been married at least once C) are parents D) have two or more children
C) are parents
More college students than in past generations __________. A) pursue their education in a linear fashion B) obtain their degree in three to four years C) change majors as they explore career options D) narrow their interests, attitudes, and values
C) change majors as they explore career options
After marriage, other-sex friendships __________. A) increase for both sexes B) continue to increase for men C) continue to increase for women D) are rare for both sexes
C) continue to increase for women
Compared to shorter-term relationships, long-lasting male friends __________. A) tend to be more competitive with one another B) are more apt to say they like to "do something" when they are together C) disclose more personal information to one another D) engage in more joint activities, but limit personal disclosure
C) disclose more personal information to one another
According to Vaillant, men become "keepers of meaning," or guardians of their culture, in their __________. A) teens and twenties B) thirties and forties C) fifties and sixties D) seventies and eighties
C) fifties and sixties
Among economically better-off young people, __________ occurs much __________ in the lifespan than it did a generation or two ago. A) finishing one's education; earlier B) having children; earlier C) marrying; later D) attending college; later
C) marrying; later
The rate of never-married Americans age 25 and older has __________ since 1960. A) decreased slightly B) increased slightly C) more than doubled D) stayed the same
C) more than doubled
Compared with women, men __________. A) are more skilled at communicating in ways that foster intimacy B) offer more comfort in their close relationships C) offer less helpful support in their close relationships D) are more skilled at negotiating conflict
C) offer less helpful support in their close relationships
About half of U.S. emerging adults __________. A) say they are strong members of their religious faith B) are unaffiliated with a particular faith C) remain stable in their religious commitment, or lack thereof D) experience an increase in religiosity from adolescence
C) remain stable in their religious commitment, or lack thereof
The warm, affectionate relationship and affirmation of one's adult status are two of the reasons that many adults cite for choosing to __________. A) cohabit B) get married C) remarry D) have children
C) remarry
American cohabiters typically marry __________. A) to legalize their relationship B) for the sake of children C) to affirm their love and commitment D) within two years
C) to affirm their love and commitment
Men with a high school diploma or less and highly educated women in prestigious careers are overrepresented among singles after age 30 because __________. A) they are the most likely to have married and divorced young B) women tend to "marry down" and men tend to "marry up" C) women tend to "marry up" and men tend to "marry down" D) they are the most likely to be closed to a long-term relationship
C) women tend to "marry up" and men tend to "marry down"
According to Levinson, of the many components of the __________, usually only a few, relating to family, close friendships, and occupation, are central. A) ego B) internal working model C) social clock D) life structure
D) life structure
Which individual is the most likely to report lower-quality and less enduring love relationships? A) Darren, a gay man who publicly advocates for LGBTQ+ rights B) Shanelle, a heterosexual woman who has negative feelings about homosexuals C) Anya, a lesbian who is out to her friends, family, and co-workers D) Lionel, a gay man who harbors negative feelings toward homosexuals
D) Lionel, a gay man who harbors negative feelings toward homosexuals
According to Levinson, which statement about gender differences in dreams is true? A) Men's dreams tend to define the self in terms of relationships. B) Both men's and women's dreams emphasize achievement in a career. C) Women's dreams are usually more individualistic than men's dreams. D) Most career-oriented women have "split dreams" involving both marriage and career.
D) Most career-oriented women have "split dreams" involving both marriage and career.
Which statement is true about cohabitation? A) Engagement at the start of cohabitation is on the rise, while cohabitation is declining. B) Couples who marry without cohabiting are at slightly greater risk of divorce than cohabiters. C) Trends suggest that contemporary cohabitation is more often serving as preparation for marriage. D) Premarital cohabitation before age 25 is associated with reduced readiness to forge a committed bond.
D) Premarital cohabitation before age 25 is associated with reduced readiness to forge a committed bond.
Which statement is true about parenting young children? A) The younger the child, the smaller parents' sense of risk in finding child care. B) Parents report that raising young children negatively affects psychological well-being. C) Involved parents say that parenthood requires them to tune out others' feelings and needs. D) Rearing young children is a powerful source of adult development.
D) Rearing young children is a powerful source of adult development.
Which statement is true about the family life cycle? A) The family life cycle represents a fixed progression of stages. B) The family life cycle is only applicable to families in industrialized nations. C) Few variations exist in the sequence and timing of phases in the family life cycle. D) Some people do not experience all family life-cycle phases.
D) Some people do not experience all family life-cycle phases.
When a sample of 1,000 U.S. 18- to 29-year-olds diverse in SES and ethnicity was asked, "Do you consider yourself to have reached adulthood?" the majority of those between 18 and 21 gave __________ answer. A) no B) an emphatic "no" C) an emphatic "yes" D) an ambiguous "yes and no"
D) an ambiguous "yes and no"
In families with five to 10 siblings, __________. A) intimacy is more important than commitment B) sibling bonds are weaker than in small families C) close sibling bonds may replace friendships D) friends are preferred confidants over siblings
D) friends are preferred confidants over siblings
According to Erikson, the psychological conflict of early adulthood is __________. A) initiative versus guilt B) industry versus inferiority C) identity versus role confusion D) intimacy versus isolation
D) intimacy versus isolation
Leaving home very early is associated with __________. A) later childbearing B) parental financial support C) parental emotional support D) job seeking rather than education
D) job seeking rather than education
Among U.S. young people, cohabitation is __________. A) less common than it was a generation ago B) more popular than it is in Western Europe C) preparation for, rather than an alternative to, marriage D) now the preferred mode of entry into a committed intimate partnership
D) now the preferred mode of entry into a committed intimate partnership
Resistantly attached young adults generally __________. A) have a healthy separation from the parental home B) report less parental contact after leaving home C) have an easier transition from the parental home than securely attached young adults D) remain in the parental home for an extended time
D) remain in the parental home for an extended time
Many perpetrators treated for partner abuse __________. A) have no difficulty managing their anger B) grew up in homes with authoritative parents in egalitarian relationships C) attribute greater blame to themselves than to their partners D) repeat their violent behavior with the same or a new partner
D) repeat their violent behavior with the same or a new partner
Adult friends are usually __________. A) different in sex and age, but similar in SES B) similar in age, but different in sex and SES C) different in SES and age, but similar in sex D) similar in age, sex, and SES
D) similar in age, sex, and SES
Which siblings are most likely to become more frequent companions as they get older and marry? A) brothers Virgil and Ray B) Roderick and his younger sister, Dixie C) Sondra and her younger brother, Jeramy D) sisters Navaeh and Jada
D) sisters Navaeh and Jada
Following a social clock of some kind seems to foster __________. A) feelings of distress B) occupational flexibility C) generativity D) social stability
D) social stability
Fathers frequently turn to __________ to figure out how to relate to their child. A) experts B) friends C) their own fathers D) their partners
D) their partners
Mike and Carol are married. Mike is the head of the household. He works outside the home as an architect. Carol devotes herself to caring for Mike and their children and creating a comfortable home. They have a(n) __________ marriage. A) egalitarian B) arranged C) matriarchal D) traditional
D) traditional