CHAP 1&2 HLT 138

A scientist adds 5 mcg of the mineral cadmium to the daily diet of 100 4-week-old laboratory mice. After twelve weeks, the researcher weighs and takes blood samples from each mouse. According to her findings, the mice lost weight during the 12-week period and they have abnormal levels of certain hormones in their blood. Based on this information and your knowledge of scientific research, what would you tell the researcher about her findings?

The findings are not meaningful or valid because of the way she designed her study.

A person's ________ is not a major influence for his or her food selection practices.

blood type

Which of the following conditions or diseases is a leading diet-related cause of death in the United States?

diabetes

Tamika's 52-year-old father died as a result of a condition that is the leading cause of death in the United States. Based on this information, Tamika's father died from ________.

heart disease

Which of the following statements is true? -Medicinal herbs must undergo testing for safety and effectiveness by the FDA before they can be marketed. -The FDA can recall a dietary supplements when there is evidence that it is harmful.  -The EPA regulates the labeling of dietary supplements. -Manufacturers of dietary supplements must inform the FTC about negative health reports that may have resulted from the use of their products.

-The FDA can recall a dietary supplements when there is evidence that it is harmful. 

Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when designing a scientific investigation to determine whether there is an association between consuming diets high in sodium during adolescence and developing high blood pressure in adulthood?

Observational epidemiological study

After examining a patient and reviewing the results of his blood tests, a physician tells the patient that his mild depressive symptoms are not the result of a serious health problem. The physician suggests that the patient should try regular exercise and take the dietary supplement St. John's wort for 3 months. After this period, the physician will prescribe antidepressant medication, if the patient does not feel emotionally better. This advice is ________.

an indication that the physician practices integrative medicine

Which of the following factors has a major influence over a person's food choices?

close friends

A scientist discovers a chemical in certain rocks that kills bacteria when it is mixed with sterile water in a test tube. She cannot market extracts that contain this chemical as a dietary supplement, because it ________.

does not contain dietary ingredients

Which of the following statements is true? -People are born with the ability to choose a nutritious variety of foods. -A person's diet is influenced by his or her blood type, birth order, and sustainability. -Nutrients are life-sustaining substances in food. -In the United States, poor eating habits contribute to the ten leading causes of death, including influenza and pneumonia

nutrients are life sustaining substances in food

According to the main nutrition-related goal of Healthy People 2020, Americans should ________.

reduce the risk of chronic diseases by consuming a healthy diet

Which of the following statements is true? -Physicians and registered dietitian nutritionists do not recommend dietary supplements for their patients. -According to the legal definition developed by the FDA, a "dietary supplement"is a natural substance that benefits health. -Before taking a dietary supplement, people should determine whether the product is necessary and safe. -People who develop side effects after taking dietary supplements can report their experiences to the GAO

Before taking a dietary supplement, people should determine whether the product is necessary and safe.

Which of the following statements is true? -According to the legal definition developed by the FDA, a "dietary supplement" is a food that influences metabolism. -Physicians and registered dietitian nutritionists do not recommend dietary supplements for their patients. -People who develop side effects after taking dietary supplements can report their experiences to the GAO. -Dietary supplements may interact negatively with other substances a person takes.

Dietary supplements may interact negatively with other substances a person takes.

Which of the following statements is true? -Since 1970, nutrition information has undergone few updates, because scientists have discovered all of the nutrients and determined their functions.  -It is not unusual for similar studies, especially those involving human subjects, to have different findings.  -Dietary recommendations are generally based on the findings of one team of nutrition researchers.  -The results of one study are usually enough to convince nutrition scientists to adopt new ideas about nutrition-related topics.  

It is not unusual for similar studies, especially those involving human subjects, to have different findings. 

Which of the following statements is true? -Most phytochemicals are classified as essential nutrients -A headache is a common sign of a mineral deficiency disease. -A skin rash could be a symptom of a vitamin deficiency disease. -Nutrient deficiency diseases develop when diets lack essential nutrients

Nutrient deficiency diseases develop when diets lack essential nutrients

Which of the following statements is true? -Dietary recommendations are generally based on the findings of one team of nutrition researchers.  - Scientific studies to investigate the same question can have different findings.   -Since 1970, nutrition information has undergone few updates, because scientists have discovered all of the nutrients and determined their functions.  -When interpreting results of their studies, researchers generally seek to include some bias into their analyses. 

Scientific studies to investigate the same question can have different findings.  

Which of the following conditions is not a leading cause of death in the United States?

Tuberculosis

According to the main nutrition-related goal of Healthy People 2020, Americans should ________. Group of answer choices

achieve and maintain a healthy body weight

A substance that can protect a person's cells from being damaged or destroyed by certain harmful factors is a (an) ________.

antioxidant