Chap 9 Anatomy

An immovable joint is a(n) syndesmosis. diarthrosis. synarthrosis. amphiarthrosis. symphysis.

Synarthrosis

Structurally, the pubic symphysis is classified as a ________ articulation. fibrous cartilaginous bony diarthrotic synovial

cartilaginous

Identify the incorrect pair. synarthrosis; immovable joint gomphosis; articulation between tooth and bone amphiarthrosis; slightly movable joint chondrosis; freely moving joint They are all correct; there is no incorrect pair.

chondrosis; freely moving joint

Which of the following is not a function of synovial fluid? increases osmotic pressure within joint lubrication shock absorption protects articular cartilages provides nutrients

increases osmotic pressure within joint

The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the leg. arm. hip. foot. hand.

foot

The elbow joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint. pivot condylar saddle hinge gliding

hinge

The largest and strongest articulation at the elbow is the ulnaradial joint. radial joint. humeroradial joint. humero-ulnar joint. ulnar joint.

humero-ulnar joint

The joint with greatest range of motion is the __________. femur-tibia humerus-ulna humerus-scapula femur-acetabulum

humerus scapula

Ankle extension is also called protraction. dorsiflexion. plantar flexion. inversion. eversion.

plantar flexion

The opposite of dorsiflexion is __________. plantar flexion genuflexion elevation ventroflexion

plantar flexion

Which foot movement enables the ballerina to stand on her toes? eversion inversion rotation plantar flexion dorsiflexion

plantar flexion

The opposite of supination is __________. opposition dorsiflexion pronation abduction

pronation

A herniated intervertebral disc is caused by protrusion of the nucleus pulposus. transformation of fibrocartilage to hyaline cartilage. loss of annulus fibrosis elasticity. ossification of the vertebral disc. slippage of the fibrocartilage disc.

protrusion of the nucleus pulposus

The "rotator cuff" of the shoulder functions to reinforce the joint capsule. allow monaxial movement. allow biaxial movement. limit the range of movements. reinforce the joint capsule and limit the range of movements

reinforce the joint capsule and limit the range of movements

An example of a synchondrosis is the articulation of the femur with the acetabulum. atlas and the axis. radius and the ulna. navicular bone with the cuniform bones. ribs with the sternum.

ribs with the sternum

The coxal bones articulate with the sacrum at the ________ joint. coxosacral iliocoxal sacroiliac vertebroilial vertebrocoxal

sacroiliac

The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of a ________ joint. saddle condylar hinge pivot gliding

saddle

Which of the following joints is an example of a ball-and-socket joint? shoulder knee elbow ankle wrist

shoulder

The movement of the forearm while twisting a doorknob is protraction and retraction. supination and pronation. lateral rotation and medial rotation. abduction and adduction. flexion and extension.

supination and pronation

The intervertebral disc joint is called a glide joint. condylar joint. synchondrosis. synarthrosis. symphysis.

symphysis

A suture is an example of a(n) syndesmosis. synarthrosis. diarthrosis. symphysis. amphiarthrosis.

synarthrosis

A ligamentous connection such as an antebrachial interosseous membrane is called a synchondrosis. syndesmosis. gomphosis. synostosis. symphysis.

syndesmosis

An epiphyseal line is an example of a syndesmosis. synostosis. synchondrosis. symphysis. gomphosis.

synostosis

The surface of articular cartilage is flat. smooth. rough. slick. both slick and smooth.

both slick and smooth

A ________ is a tender nodule formed around bursae over the base of the great toe. callus blister pimple bunion spur

bunion

The atlantoaxial joint is an example of a ________ joint. gliding condyloid pivot ball and socket saddle

pivot

Joints can be classified structurally as fibrous. bony. synovial. cartilaginous. All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct

Which of the following occurs when the articular cartilage is damaged? Normal synovial joint function is unable to continue. The matrix begins to break down. The exposed surface appears rough. Friction in the joint increases. All of the answers are correct.

All of the answers are correct

A movement away from the midline of the body is called extension. abduction. flexion. adduction. inversion.

abduction

A synovial joint is an example of a(n) amphiarthrosis. synarthrosis. diarthrosis. symphysis. syndesmosis.

Diarthrosis

The synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets is a synotosis. gomphosis. synchondrosis. suture. syndesmosis.

Gomphosis

In the knee joint, the medial and lateral menisci are prominent fat pads to protect the articulating bones. are found between the patella and femur. act as cushions between the articulating surfaces. are cartilages that bind the knee to the tibia. take the place of bursae.

act as cushions between the articulating surfaces

A slightly movable joint is a(n) synostosis. gomphosis. amphiarthrosis. diarthrosis. synarthrosis.

amphiarthrosis

Which structure of the intervertebral disc attaches to the bodies of adjacent vertebra? anulus fibrosus nucleus pulposus vertebral end plates ligamentum flavum

anulus fibrosus

Bursae are found in all of the following areas except around many synovial joints. tendon sheaths. around blood vessels. within connective tissue exposed to friction or pressure. beneath the skin covering a bone.

around blood vessels

Which of the following is not a property of synovial joints? covered by a capsule freely movable covered by a serous membrane lined by a secretory epithelium contain synovial fluid

covered by a serous membrane

Which of the following is not a property of articular cartilage? covered by perichondrium smooth, low-friction surface similar to hyaline cartilage lubricated by synovial fluid enclosed by an articular capsule

covered by perichondrium

A freely movable joint is a(n) diarthrosis. symphysis. syndesmosis. synarthrosis. amphiarthrosis.

diarthrosis

A ________ occurs when articulating surfaces are forced out of position. sprain fracture bunion bursitis dislocation

dislocation

All of the following movements occur at the intervertebral joints except lateral flexion. dorsiflexion. flexion. extension. rotation.

dorsiflexion

Which of the following movements would you associate with chewing food? pronation elevation abduction flexion circumduction

elevation

Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to rigid cartilaginous bridge. fibrous cartilage. periodontal ligament. completely fused. dense regular connective tissue.

fibrous cartilage

Which of the following is not a characteristic of articular cartilage? Surfaces are normally slick and smooth. It secretes synovial fluid. It is composed of cartilage similar to hyaline cartilage. There is no perichondrium. The matrix contains more water than other cartilages.

it secretes synovial fluid

What is the trade off for joints with greater movement? Joints with greater movement have less stability. Joints with greater movement have less flexibility. Joints with greater movement have greater strength. Joints with greater movement have fewer bone articulations.

joints with greater movement have less stability

The movement of rotating a limb outward is called ________ rotation. superficial lateral medial internal abductive

lateral

The most common athletic knee injury produces damage to the lateral meniscus. patella. tendons. medial meniscus. ligaments.

medial meniscus

Which structure of the intervertebral articulation gives the disc its resiliency and ability to absorb shock? anulus fibrosus nucleus pulposus vertebral end plates ligamentum flavum

nucleus pulposus

A herniated disc occurs when the nucleus pulposus breaks through the anulus fibrosus. knee is hyperextended. disc slips out from between the adjacent vertebrae. adjacent bones fuse. inner core of the disc is squeezed to one side.

nucleus pulpsus breaks through the anulus fibrosus

Which of these conditions more commonly occurs with advancing age? osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis bursitis fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva

osteoarthritis

The fluid that fills the joint cavity in a diarthrosis is produced by the __________. cruciate ligaments synovial membrane menisci medial fat pad

synovial membrane

Complete dislocation of the knee is rare because the knee is protected by the patella. the knee contains fat pads to absorb shocks. the femur articulates with the tibia at the knee. the knee contains seven major ligaments. the knee is extremely resilient.

the knee contains seven major ligaments

Which of the following is false? The more movement a joint allows, the stronger the joint. The tighter two bones are held together within a joint, the stronger the joint. The shapes of the articulating surfaces within the joint help prevent movement in a particular direction and strengthen and stabilize the joint. The tension produced by muscle tendons surrounding a joint help stabilize the joint. The rotator cuff functions to limit the range of movements of the shoulder join

the more movement a joint allows, the stronger the joint