Chapter 05
multicore
A ____ chip allows a single computer to run two or more operations at the same time.
eight
A byte is equivalent to ____ bits.
cache
Frequently-accessed information is held in _______ memory.
Ports
Sockets for connecting external devices.
Chips
___ are tiny circuit boards etched onto squares of silicon; they are also referred to as semiconductors or integrated circuits.
Plug and Play
____ ____ ____ refers to the ability to plug in any device and have it work immediately
RAM
____ holds programs and data that are currently being accessed; it is volatile, meaning that data is lost if the power is disrupted.
DIMM
Additional RAM can be added to a computer using an expansion module called a ____.
hexadecimal
Because binary numbers are difficult to read, they are often represented using the ____ system.
byte
Eight bits make one ____.
power supply
In desktop computers, the ____ ____ converts Alternating Current (AC) from the wall socket into Direct Current (DC) that can be used to run the computer.
parallel
In multicore chips, tasks are divided into parts that can be distributed across each core (and thus processed at the same time). This is called ____ processing.
bus lines
On system boards, ____ ____ provide pathways that support communication among electronic components.
slots
On system boards, ____ provide a connection point for additional circuit boards.
sockets
On system boards, the connection points for chips are called ____.
Random Access Memory
RAM stands for ____ ____ ____.
Read Only Memory
ROM stands for ____ ____ ____.
AC adapter
Rather than a power supply like desktop computers, laptop computers have an ____ ____.
Central Processing Unit
The "brains" of the computer (the part that handles all the instructions you give the computer) is called the ____ ____ ____.
system
The ____ board controls communication for the entire computer system and allows the components to communicate with each other.
Memory
The holding area for data, instructions and information.
USB
The most common type of expansion bus.
clock speed
The number of times the CPU fetches and processes data or instructions in a second is referred to as the ____ ____.
ASCII
The original character encoding standard used on most computers was ____, but this method of encoding can only represent up to 128 different characters (so languages such as Chinese cannot be represented with it).
bit
The smallest unit of data in a computer is the binary digit (0 or 1), also known as a ____.
motherboard
The system board is also known as the _______.
DVI
The two main types of ports for computer monitors are VGD and ____.
VGD
The two main types of ports for computer monitors are ____ and DVI.
Unicode
This character encoding scheme allows non-English characters and special characters to be represented.
Universal Serial Bus
USB stands for ____ ____ ____.
ROM
____ is non-volatile (it is not lost if the power is disrupted), but it cannot be changed or re-written.
Flash
____ memory can be updated to store new information, but (unlike RAM) it retains its data even if the power is disrupted.
Cache
____ memory improves processing by acting as a temporary high-speed holding area between the memory and CPU.
MIDI
____ ports are used for connecting digital musical instruments to the computer.
Ethernet
____ ports are used for networking; they allow you to connect multiple computers or connect to a modem for internet access.
HDMI
____ ports provide high-definition video and audio.
eSATA
____ ports provide very high-speed hard drive connections.