Chapter 1

hypokinetic diseases

"hypo" denotes "lack of"; therefore, illnesses related to lack of physical activity

CLRD

(chronic lower respiratory disease) third major cause of death

negative affects on lifestyle (lead to diseases)

1) diet 2)lack of activity 3) environment 4) stress

How much of life is controllable? (diseases...)

84%

ecosystem

a community of organisms interacting with each other in an environment

morbidity

a condition related to or caused by illness or disease

physical fitness standards

a fitness level that allows a person to sustain moderate-to-vigorous physical activity without undue fatigue and the ability to closely maintain this level throughout life

metabolic profile

a measurement of plasma insulin, glucose, lipid, and lipoprotein levels to assess risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease

risk factor

a predictor

emotional

a state in which your mind is engaged in lively interaction with the world around you

health

a state of complete well-being -- not just the absence of disease or infirmity

sitting disease

a term coined by the scientific community to refer to the detrimental health effects caused by excessive sitting throughout most days of the week

exercise

a type of physical activity that requires planned, structured, and repetitive bodily movement with the intent of improving or maintaining one or more components of physical fitness; considered to be the much needed vaccine of our time to prevent chronic diseases

moderate physical activity

activity that uses 150 calories of energy per day, or 1,000 calories per week

pedometer

an electronic device that senses body motion and counts footsteps; some read calories, record distance, and speeds

vigorous activity

any exercise that requires a MET level equal to or greater than to METs (21 mL/kg/min)

benefits of activity

better health, longevity, quality of life, overall well-being

physical activity

bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles; requires expenditure of energy and produces progressive health benefits

heart rate

can be obtained by counting your pulse either on the wrist over the radial artery or over the carotid artery in the neck

Health -related fitness

cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular fitness, muscular flexibility, body composition

sedentary death syndrome (SeDs)

cause of death attributed to a lack of regular physical activity

leading health problems in the US

chronic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer

Skill-related fitness

coordination, balance, agility, speed, power, reaction time

sedentary

description of a person who is relatively inactive and whose lifestyle is characterized by a lot of sitting

skill-related fitness

fitness components important for success in skillful activities and athletic events encompasses agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time, and speed

health-related fitness

fitness programs that are prescribed to improve the individual's overall health

accidents

fourth leading cause of death (many in which are preventable)

physical

good physical fitness and confidence in your personal ability to take care of health problems

chronic diseases

illnesses that develop as a result of an unhealthy lifestyle and lasts a long time

types of diseases

infectious (germs- infected), chronic (develops over time- i.e. cancer or cardiovascular disease)

sphygmomanometer

inflatable bladder contained within a cuff and a mercury gravity manometer (or aneroid manometer) from which blood pressure is read

life expectancy

number of years a person is expected to live based on the person's birth year

US

overwhelming medical expenses

systolic blood pressure (SBP)

pressure exerted by blood against walls of arteries during forceful contraction (systole) of the heart

diastolic blood pressure (DBP)

pressure exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries during the relaxation phase (diastole) of the heart

primordial prevention

prevention of the development of risk factors for disease

prayer

sincere and humble communication with a higher power

bradycardia

slower heart rate than normal

cardiorespiratory

the ability of the lungs, heart, and blood vessels to deliver adequate amounts of oxygen to the cells to meet the demands of prolonged physical activity

physical fitness

the ability to meet the ordinary as well unusual demands of daily life safely and effectively without being overly fatigued and still have energy left for leisure and recreational activities

occupational

the ability to perform your job skillfully and effectively under conditions that provide personal and team satisfaction and adequately rewards each individual

social

the ability to relate well to others, both within and outside the family unit

environmental

the capability to live in a clean and safe environment that is not detrimental to health

wellness

the constant and deliberate effort to stay healthy and achieve the highest potential for well being; it encompasses seven dimensions: physical, emotional, mental, occupational, social, environmental, and spiritual

health fitness standards

the lowest fitness requirements for maintaining good health, decreasing the risk for chronic diseases, and lowering the incidence of muscular-skeletal injuries

health promotion

the science and art of enabling people to increase control over their lifestyle to move toward a state of wellness

spiritual

the sense that life is meaningful, that life has purpose, and that some power brings all humanity together the ethics, values, and morals that guide you and give meaning and direction to life

genetics

uncontrolled

prolonged sitting

unnatural to the body and research shows that too much sitting is hazardous to human health

altruism

unselfish concern for the welfare of others