Chapter 1 Basic Principles for Construction

claw hammer

A hammer with a flat striking face. the other end of the head is curved and divided into two claws to remove nails. (used by framing carpenters for driving large nails)

plumb bob

A heavy weight that is suspended from a line; it indicates vertical trueness

resistance

A material's opposition to the flow of electric current.

current

A movement of electrical charges around a closed path or circuit

cat's paw

A straight steel rod with a curved claw at one end that is used to pull nails that have been driven flush with the surface of the wood or slightly below it. (pulling nails)

What are two ways of getting the training and developing the skills necessary to work in a building trade

An apprentice program where they take a few classes and were on the job. Attending a community college or four year college

Whose seal must appear on the drawings before work can begin on a house

An architect's seal on the drawings

Describe one job that might be done by an engineer in the home building industry

An engineer might analyse the structural integrity of a building in the home industry

List three places one might go for training in a building trade

College apprenticeship, on the job training

Class D fire

Combustible metals

Where might you get the knowledge necessary to work as a surveyor

Community or four year college or on the job experience

Describe the relationship between general contractors and subcontractors

Contractors own the business and are more concerned with running the business than supervising construction, the subcontractors are usually responsible for the actual construction, the general contractor coordinator the work of the subcontractor

Class C fire

Electrical fires such as computers and electronics - Inert Gas, CO2 - Turn off electricity first

Which trade does work that is commonly covered by a code

Electricians, carpenters, plumbers

GFCI

Ground fault circuit interrupter outlet found in kitchen/bathroom breaks a circuit when used around water

Which of the following might be covered by a building code

Minimum size of floor/wall framing materials

PPE

Personal Protective Equipment safety shoes hard hats safety glasses disposable mask a safety harness ear protection

List three things a union does for its members

Provide an apprenticeship program or training classes, provide a pension for members, negotiate with employers to establish a pay rate and working conditions

cross cut saw

Saw that cuts against the grain

In which form of ownership is the risk the greatest

Sole proprietorship

Briefly describe each of the following forms of business ownership

Sole proprietorship - a business whose owner and operator are the same person Limited liability partnership - one who invests in the business, receives a proportional share of the profit of loss, but has limited liability Corporation - a company or group of people authorized to act as a single entity (legally a person) and recognized as such in law.

What is the advantage of a corporation to the business owner

The owners can lose only the amount of money they invest in stock

voltage

The potential difference measured in volts. The amount of work to be done to move a charge from one point to another along an electric circuit.

Briefly describe the four levels of construction industry workers and give an example of each

Unskilled or semiskilled labor - workers who haven't reached a high level of skill in a trade Skilled trades or crafts - occupation working with tools, materials and buildings structures Technicians - provides link between skilled trade and professions Design and management - architecture, engineering and contracting, often require more than four years of college and a license to practice (professions, contractors, subcontractors

List five forms of communication

a. Speaking b. Listening c. Writing e. Body language d. Reading

What construction occupation is most apt to be concerned with the arrangement of rooms and the flow of traffic in a house

architect

Design and management -

architecture, engineering and contracting, often require more than four years of college and a license to practice (professions, contractors, subcontractors

Class B fire

flammable and combustible liquids, gases and greases.

rip saw

for rough cutting wood along the grain

traits of an effective team

listening questioning respect helping sharing participation

Skilled trades or crafts -

occupation working with tools, materials and buildings structures

Class A fire

ordinary combustibles, paper, clothes, wood

elements of a fire triangle

oxygen, heat, fuel

Technicians -

provides link between skilled trade and professions

coping saw

type of handsaw that's used to cut curved lines or shapes

socket wrench

vary in sizes and can be attached to a handle, which in turn can be attached to an extension tightening a nut on a bolt

Unskilled or semiskilled labor -

workers who haven't reached a high level of skill in a trade