Chapter 1 Homework
________ refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body.
Metabolism
Four quadrants and nine regions further subdivide the ________ body cavity.
abdominopelvic
The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to one another is called ________.
anatomy
Ventral is a directional term synonymous with ________ in humans.
anterior
Which of the following represents the chemical level of structure in the human body?
atoms
Control Center
determines the level at which a variable is to be maintained and analyzes the input to determine the appropriate output
What organ system is responsible for breaking down food into molecules that can be absorbed by the body?
digestive system
When correctly situated in anatomical position, where are your feet in relation to your knees?
distal
Response
effector feeds back to reduce the effect of the stimulus and returns the variable to homeostatic level
The system that controls and coordinates the body using hormones is the ________.
endocrine system
Which region is medial?
epigastric
When we imagine a person exhibiting anatomical position, the palms of the hands are assumed to be facing ________.
forward
Which system covers the external surface of the body and protects deeper tissues?
integumentary system
Receptor
monitors and responds to changes in the environment
Input
sensory information sent to the control center
Which body cavity is included in the dorsal cavity?
spinal
A microscopic image shows many cube-shaped cells forming a tube or duct. What level of structural organization is this?
tissue level
Survival needs include nutrients, oxygen, water, and appropriate temperature and atmospheric pressure.
true
The abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities are subdivisions of the ________ cavity.
ventral
The two major body cavities are ________ and ________.
ventral; dorsal
A body part that is considered lateral is assumed to be ________.
away from the midline of the body
Transverse or cross sections divide the body into anterior and posterior parts.
false
The body's ability to maintain stable internal conditions is referred to as ________.
homeostasis
The surgeon created an opening in the chest during surgery. The incision was made along a plane that equally separated the right and left halves of the thoracic cavity. This section is known as a(n) ________.
median (midsagittal) section
The lungs and heart are situated in the ________ body cavity.
thoracic
The navel is located in the ________ region of the abdominopelvic cavity.
umbilical
Effector
provides the means for the control center's response to the stimulus
Which of the following elements of a control system detects a change?
receptor
What are the three main components of a homeostatic control system?
receptor, control center, effector
Which term best characterizes the concept of homeostasis?
relatively stable internal environment
Which system is most dependent on a normal atmospheric pressure?
respiratory system
Which of the following is the smallest unit of all living things?
cell
Output
control center's information sent to the effector
Which of the following levels of organization is inclusive of all others?
organ system level
Which statement describes the position of the hands in the anatomical position?
palms toward the front
Stimulus
produces a change in variable
The thoracic cavity is ________ to the abdominopelvic cavity.
superior
The main function of the respiratory system is to ________.
supply the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
What cavity is superior to the diaphragm?
thoracic
What necessary function does muscle contraction contribute to the human body?
movement