Chapter 1: Human Body Practice Test

Which of the following statements is correct? A) The breastbone is ventral to the spine. B) The breastbone is posterior to the spine. C) The heart is ventral to the breastbone. D) The heart is posterior to the spine.

A) The breastbone is ventral to the spine.

Which of the following statements is correct? A) The chin is superior to the navel. B) The navel is lateral to the chin. C) The navel is cranial to the chin. D) The navel is medial to the chin.

A) The chin is superior to the navel.

Embryology is a subdivision of anatomy that deals with developmental changes that occur before birth. A) True B) False

A) True

It is possible for slight anatomical variations to occur in a human body; for example, a nerve or blood vessel may be somewhat out of place, or a small muscle may be missing. A) True B) False

A) True

Metabolism includes all three of the following: (1) breaking down substances into their simpler building blocks, (2) synthesizing complex cellular structures from simpler substances, and (3) using nutrients and oxygen to produce ATP. A)True B) False

A) True

The knee is distal to the thigh. A) True B) False

A) True

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback mechanism? A) blood clotting B) the control of blood C) sugar by insulin the regulation of body temperature D) the control of blood volume by ADH

A) blood clotting

Which of the following best defines physiology? A) the study of how the body parts work and carry out their life-sustaining activities B) the study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another C) the study of all chemical reactions that occur within body cells D) the study of tissues

A) the study of how the body parts work and carry out their life-sustaining activities

The ventral body cavity is subdivided into which of the following sets of cavities? A) the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities B) the vertebral/spinal and cranial cavities C) the vertebral/spinal, abdominopelvic, and thoracic cavities D) the vertebral/spinal, cranial, and pleural cavities

A) the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

The coronal plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts. A) True B) False

B) False

Which of the following is true of positive feedback mechanisms? A) The variable changes in a direction opposite to that of the initial change. B) The result or response enhances the original stimulus, and the response is accelerated. C) The output shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity. D) Their purpose is to prevent sudden severe changes within the body.

B) The result or response enhances the original stimulus, and the response is accelerated.

Which of the following best describes a sagittal plane? A) a vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts B) a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts C) a horizontal plane that divides the body into superior and inferior parts D) a horizontal plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

B) a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left parts

Which of the following processes requires a receptor, a control center, and an effector? A) responsiveness B) homeostatic control C)maintaining boundaries D) movement

B) homeostatic control

Which of the following represents the sum total of all structural levels working together to keep us alive? A) organ system level B) organismal level C) chemical level D) molecular level

B) organismal level

Which of the following is the regional term designating the limbs? A) the lateral part B) the appendicular part C) the axial part D) the medial part

B) the appendicular part

Blood flows in one direction through the heart because the heart has valves that prevent backflow. This phenomenon exemplifies __________. A) the principles of cardiovascular physiology B) the principle of complementarity of structure and function C) the hierarchy of structural organization D) the principle of microscopic anatomy

B) the principle of complementarity of structure and function

Why are directional terms so important? A) Because they allow us to accurately describe the position of a human body. B) Because they allow us to designate specific areas within major body divisions. C) Because they allow us to explain where one body structure is in relation to another. D) Because they enable us to identify an extreme anatomical variation in a human body.

C) Because they allow us to explain where one body structure is in relation to another.

The human body as a whole is enclosed and protected by the integumentary system. This is an example of a necessary life function. Select the correct function from the list below. A) responsiveness B) metabolism C) maintaining boundaries D) homeostasis

C) maintaining boundaries

Which of the following best describes macroscopic anatomy? A) the study of structures too small to be seen with the naked eye B) the study of structural changes that occur in the body throughout one's lifespan C) the study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys D) the study of structural changes caused by disease

C) the study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys [Gross, or macroscopic, anatomy is the study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as the heart, lungs, and kidneys.]

A serosa, or serous membrane, can be found within which one of the following body cavities? A) the spinal cavity B) the dorsal body cavity C) the ventral body cavity D) the cranial cavity

C) the ventral body cavity