Chapter 1 Simulation
What are lists?
Queues
What are activities?
This that happen in the model.
What is a Model?
A representation of the system.
What are resources?
A servicing entity (worker, or machine)
What is a model?
A set of assumptions/approximations about how a system works.
What are system state variables?
All information required to characterize the system.
What is an entity?
An object in the simulation.
What is an event?
An occurrence which changes the state of the system.
What are system variables?
Decision Variables (Input Factors) Response Variables (Output Variables State Variables
What are most operational models?
Dynamic, discrete-event and stochastic.
What are system elements
Entities Activities Resources Controls
What are attributes?
Entity characteristics (or properties)
What is system optimization?
Finding the best combination of decision variables that minimize/maximizes an objective function.
What are system performance metrics?
Flow (cycle) time Utilization Value-added Time and Waiting Time Flow Rate Inventory/Queue Levels Yield/Throughput
What is system complexity?
Interdependencies Variability
Why do we simulate?
It is the flexibility to model things as they are Allows uncertainty, non-stationarity in modeling
Where is a simulation used?
Manufacturing/Materials Handling Public and Health Systems Military Natural Resource Management Transportation Computer Systems Performance Communications Training
What is a Simulation?
Methods and applications to imitate or mimic real systems, usually using .
What is a discrete-event simulation?
Modeling of a system as it evolves over time by a representation in which the state variable change instantaneously and only at (countable) points in time.
What are the different types of models?
Physical (Iconic) models Logical (mathematical) models
What are the steps in simulation modeling?
Problem Formation Goal Setting Model Conceptualization Data Collection Model Translation Verification and Validation Experimental Design Production Runs and Analysis Documentation and Reporting Implementation
What are the systems analysis techniques?
Simulation Hand Calculations Spreadsheets Operations Research Methods
What are the different types of a simulation?
Static vs. dynamic continuous-change vs. discrete-event Deterministic vs. Stochasic
What is systems engineering?
The application of science and engineering to transform a need into a system with the following process:
What is a simulation coupled with?
The concept of Modeling.
What is a system
The real thing!
What are delays?
Time intervals between activities?
What do all systems have?
inputs, outputs and feedback mechanisms. maintain an internal steady state despite external environment. display properties that are different as a whole but not possessed by any of the individual elements have boundaries that are usually defined by the system observers.
