Chapter 10 Activity: Stimulants

Narcolepsy

A condition causing spontaneous and uncontrolled sleeping episodes

The two principal side effects of therapeutic doses of amphetamines are _____ and _____.

Abuse Cardiovascular toxicities

A drug is _____ when contaminating substances are mixed to dilute the drug.

Adulterated

Speed

An injectable methamphetamine used by drug addicts

_____ are drugs that suppress one's appetite for food.

Anorexiants

A _____ is similar to a run, but is usually of a shorter duration.

Binge

Uppers

CNS stimulants

Ecstacy is a _____, a drug used by young adults at dance parties such as raves.

Club drug

Freebasing

Conversion of cocaine into its alkaline form for smoking

Already processed and inexpensive "freebased" cocaine, ready for smoking is called _____.

Crack

Hyperpyrexia

Elevated body temperature

_____ is a smokable form of methamphetamine.

Ice

Crack babies

Infants born to women who used cocaine during their pregnancy

Rush

Initial pleasure after amphetamine use that includes racing heartbeat and elevated blood pressure

Run

Intense use of a stimulant, consisting of multiple administrations over a period of days

High

Lasts for 4 to 16 hours after drug use; includes feelings of energy and power

Behavioral stereotypy

Meaningless repetition of a single activity

When methylphenidate (Ritalin) is used by college students to increase physical or mental endurance to achieve a more positive outcome on exams, it is referred to as _____.

Performance enhancing drugs

Recruiting the help of many friends and associates to purchase legal amounts of the methamphetamine precursor chemicals such as pseudoephedrine (e.g., in decongestants) to sell to illegal methamphetamine producers is called _____.

Smurfing

Combinations of amphetamines or cocaine with an opioid narcotic are called _____.

Speedballs

_____ are substances that cause the user to feel pleasant effects such as a sense of increased energy and a state of euphoria.

Stimulants

Caffeinism

Symptoms caused by taking high chronic doses of caffeine

Xanthines

The family of drugs that includes caffeine

Describe the use and consequences of using methylphenidate by college students to help prepare for exams.

They may become addicted, experience psychosis, or have a severe cardiovascular reaction if they routinely use the prescription stimulants for illegal nonmedical purposes.

Explain why combining caffeine and alcohol in commercially prepared beverages is dangerous.

This drug combination may mask feelings of drunkenness, prompting consumers to engage in dangerous activities such driving under the influence of alcohol.

Repeated administration of methamphetamine to maintain the high is called _____.

Tweaking

Identify four possible side effects of cocaine withdrawal.

a. Depression b. Sleep abnormalities c. Agitation d. Anhedonia

Identify and briefly discuss the three FDA-approved uses of amphetamines.

a. Narcolepsy: a condition causing spontaneous and uncontrolled sleeping episodes b. ADHD: an abnormally high level of physical activity, an inability to focus attention, and frequent disruptive behavior c. Weight reduction: similar to anorexiants, which can help people to control appetite

Give three reasons why the combined use of cocaine and alcohol can be so dangerous.

a. Results in the formation of cocaethylene in the liver. b. Cardiovascular stress is increased in the presence of both drugs. c. The toxic effects of cocaine and alcohol likely add together when the drugs are used in combination.

Identify four street names for cocaine.

a. Rock b. Blow c. Toot d. Snow

Briefly discuss the three eras of cocaine history.

a. The First Cocaine Era: characterized by an almost harmonious use of this stimulant by South American Indians living in the regions of the Andean Mountains and dates back to about 2500BC in Peru. b. The Second Cocaine Era: began in the 19th century, when scientific techniques were used to determine the pharmacology of cocaine and identity its dangerous effects. c. The Third Cocaine Era: began in the 1980s, when the public and even the medical community were naive and misinformed about the drug