Chapter 10 & 38

Which of the following is not part of a megagametophyte? A. Pollen grain B. Synergids C. Antipodal cells D. Polar nuclei E. All of the above are not part of the megagametophyte.

A. Pollen grain

The Two Pathways of Photosynthesis: Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is false? A. The light-independent reactions occur in the dark. B. The Calvin cycle takes place in the stroma. C. Oxygen is produced by thylakoid membranes. D. ATP and NADPH link the light reactions and the light-independent reactions. E. CO2 is reduced to sugars.

A. The light-independent reactions occur in the dark.

In flowering plants, pollen is transferred to the A. stigma. B. style. C. ovary. D. ovule. E. micropyle.

A. stigma.

The Z scheme is A. the characteristic path of electrons when they are bounced out of the pigments of the reaction center. B. another name for the splitting of water. C. the addition of CO2 to RuBP to form a six-carbon sugar. D. the passing of high-energy electrons through ATP synthase. E. the wavelengths of light absorbed by a specific molecule.

A. the characteristic path of electrons when they are bounced out of the pigments of the reaction center.

Which of the following is the revised, balanced equation for the generation of sugar from sunlight, water, and CO2? A. 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + O2 B. 6 CO2 + 12 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O C. 6 CO2 + 6 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2 D. 12 CO2 + 12 H2O → 2 C6H12O6 + 2 O2 E. None of the above

B. 6 CO2 + 12 H2O → C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O

In cyclic electron transport, A. oxygen gas is released. B. ATP is formed. C. water donates electrons and protons. D. NADPH forms. E. CO2 reacts with RuBP.

B. ATP is formed.

CAM Plants: Plants that carry out crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) differ from C4 plants in that A. CAM plants do not contain PEP carboxylase. B. CAM plants open their stomata only at night. C. the first product of CO2 fixation in CAM plants is 3PG. D. CAM plants are adapted to wet environments. E. CAM plants have high rates of photorespiration.

B. CAM plants open their stomata only at night.

Which of the following occurs during the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis? A. Water is converted into hydrogen and water. B. CO2 is converted into sugars. C. Chlorophyll acts as an enzyme. D. Nothing occurs; the plant rests in the dark. E. None of the above

B. CO2 is converted into sugars.

Photorespiration A. takes place only in C4 plants. B. includes reactions carried out in peroxisomes. C. increases the yield of photosynthesis. D. is catalyzed by PEP carboxylase. E. is independent of light intensity.

B. includes reactions carried out in peroxisomes.

C4 plants have _______ rates of _______ than C3 plants because the ratio of the concentrations of CO2 to that of O2 is _______ in C4 plants. A. lower; respiration; higher B. lower; photorespiration; higher C. higher; photorespiration; higher D. lower; photorespiration; lower E. lower; respiration; lower

B. lower; photorespiration; higher

When CO2 is added to RuBP, the first stable product synthesized is A. pyruvate. B. ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate. C. 3PG. D. ATP. E. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P).

C. 3PG.

Which statement about the Calvin cycle is not true? A. CO2 reacts with RuBP to form 3PG. B. RuBP forms by the metabolism of 3PG. C. ATP and NADPH form when 3PG is oxidized. D. The concentration of 3PG rises if the light is switched off. E. Rubisco catalyzes the reaction of CO2 and RuBP.

C. ATP and NADPH form when 3PG is oxidized.

The megagametophyte of flowering plants consists of the A. pollen grain. B. pollen tube. C. embryo sac with eight haploid nuclei. D. microspores. E. megasporangium and cells within it.

C. embryo sac with eight haploid nuclei.

Angiosperm Life Cycle: Complete the following sentence about sexual reproduction in flowering plants (see figure). Pollination occurs on the surface of the _______; fertilization occurs within the _______. A. ovule; female gametophyte B. ovule; male gametophyte C. stigma; female gametophyte D. stigma; male gametophyte E. stigma; receptacle

C. stigma; female gametophyte

How many moles of CO2 must enter the Calvin-Benson cycle for the synthesis of one mole of glucose? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 6 E. 12

D. 6

During double fertilization two sperm cells fuse (one each) with A. an egg cell. B. the two polar nuclei. C. a pollen grain. D. Both a and b E. Both a and c

D. Both a and b

C3 and C4 Plants: The accompanying figure shows the arrangement of cells in the leaves of a C3 plant and of a C4 plant. Which of the following is not a difference between C3 and C4 plants? A. The bundle sheath cells of C4 plants have rubisco, whereas bundle sheath cells in the C3 plant have little rubisco. B. The first product of photosynthesis in C3 plants is a 3-carbon molecule (3PG). C. C4 plants have two enzymes for carbon fixation, whereas C3 plants have only one. D. Photosynthesis in C3 plants occurs in the mesophyll. E. C3 plants have high rates of photorespiration.

D. Photosynthesis in C3 plants occurs in the mesophyll.

The main photosynthetic pigments in plants are _______ and _______. A. chlorophyll s; chlorophyll a B. chlorophyll x; chlorophyll y C. retinal pigment; accessory pigment D. chlorophyll a; chlorophyll b E. None of the above

D. chlorophyll a; chlorophyll b

Sexual reproduction in angiosperms A. is by way of apomixis. B. requires the presence of petals. C. can be accomplished by grafting. D. gives rise to genetically diverse offspring. E. cannot result from self-pollination.

D. gives rise to genetically diverse offspring.

In C4 photosynthesis, A. 3PG is the first product of CO2 fixation. B. rubisco catalyzes the first step in the pathway. C. 4-carbon acids are formed by PEP carboxylase in bundle sheath cells. D. photosynthesis continues at lower CO2 levels than in C3 plants. E. CO2 released from RuBP is transferred to PEP.

D. photosynthesis continues at lower CO2 levels than in C3 plants.

The shoot apex and the root apex appear during the _______ stage of embryo development. A. heart B. egg C. inflorescence meristem D. torpedo E. zygote

D. torpedo

Photophosphorylation provides the Calvin-Benson cycle with A. protons and electrons. B. CO2 and glucose. C. water and photons. D. light and chlorophyll. E. ATP and NADPH

E. ATP and NADPH

The Calvin cycle uses _______ to produce glucose. A. CO2 B. ATP C. NADPH D. rubisco E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Plants classified as CAM store CO2 A. by making oxaloacetate. B. by making PEP carboxylase. C. in malic acid. D. in crassulacean acid. E. Both a and c

E. Both a and c

Photosystems I and II: Which of the following statements about the activities of photosystems I and II is false? A. Water is oxidized by photosystem II. B. Photons are required to drive both photosystems. C. The reaction center chlorophylls differ in the two photosystems. D. Sustained, noncyclic ATP production requires the activities of both photosystem I and photosystem II. E. The reduction of NADP+ to NADPH is carried out by photosystem II.

E. The reduction of NADP+ to NADPH is carried out by photosystem II.