chapter 10 chem

What is the [OH-] in a solution that has a [H3O+] = 2.0 × 10-4 M?

5.0 × 10-11 M

neutralization reaction

A chemical reaction in which an acid and a base interact with the formation of a salt. *an acid and a base react to form a salt and water.

Neutralization :

A neutralization occures when an acid reacts with a base. The result is a salt and water : HCL + NaOH NaCl + H2O

buffer

A solution that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution.

Arrhenius theory of acids and bases :

Acid is a substance that produces H+ ions ( protons) when it is dissolved in water.Base is a substance that produces OH- ions when it is dissolved in water. These procces is called ionization or dissociation

What is the pH of a solution with [H3O+] = 3.0 × 10-3 M?

Best Answer: [H+]= - log 3.0 x 10^-3=2.52

Measuring concentration of H + or OH-: Molarity is number of mole per liter, we use this term to express concentration of H+ or OH-. Dissociation of water : H2O H+ + OH- [H+] [OH-] = 10 -14 [ ] = molarity

Example : What is the concentration of H+ and OH- in a solution contain 10 -8 of H3O+ ? Dissociation of acids in water : HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl- H3O+ = H+= 10-8 [10-8] [OH-] = 10-14 OH = 10 -14/ 10 -8 = 10 -6

What is the pH of a solution with [OH-] = 1 × 10-4 M?

First find the [H+] [H+]=(1x10^-14)/(1x10^-4) now take the value you found for [H+] and plug it into the equation: pH=-log[H+] you should get 10

Naming oxyacids : root name of nonmetal + (ic or ous) + acid

H2SO4 sulfuric acid H2SO3 sulfurous acid

HCl

Hydrochloric Acid is a strong acid

Which of the following statements correctly describes the hydronium-hydroxide balance in the given solution?

In bases, [oh- ] is greater than [h30+ ].

Bases : NaOH, Ca(OH)2, Al(OH)3

They contain one metal and OH group.

The pH of 0.001 M HCl is...

We know that "pH = -log (H+)" If the concentration of HCl is 0,001M the concentration of H+ is also 0,001M. So "-log 0,001 = 3". The answer is 3.

Best Answer: pH=log (1/10^-9)= pH=log 10^9 pH=9

What is the pH of a solution with [H3O+] = 1 × 10-9 M

According to the Arrhenius concept, if NaOH were dissolved in water, it would act as

base (releases OH-)

Ther are two kind of the acids : Binary acids : They contain hydrogen and one nonmetal: HCl, HF, HBr, HI, H2S,... Dissociation for binary acids : HCl H+ + Cl- H2S H+ + HS - HS- H+ + S 2-

binary acid and oxyacid

base characteristics

have a bitter taste, feels slippery. (many soaps contain bases)

calculate pH

pH=-log[H+]

NaOH, strong base

sodium hydroxide

What is the pH of a solution with [OH-] = 2.0 × 10-10 M?

take the negative base 10 log of that number and subtract from 14 4.3