Chapter 10: Cognitive Behavior Therapy

identify misconceptions

Beck's cognitive therapy places more emphasizes on helping clients ____________ ____________ for themselves.

individual's belief system

Cognitive behavior therapy tends to be culturally sensitive because it uses the ___________ ___________ ____________ as part of the method of self-exploration.

present-centered; time-limited

Cognitive behavioral approaches are usually __________-__________ and ____________-_____________.

cognitive processes

Cognitive behavioral approaches share the belief that psychological distress is maintained by _____________ ____________.

(F)alse

Cognitive therapy, an evidence-based therapy for depression, was developed by Meichenbaum (T/F).

three basic "musts"

REBT contends that people have __________ ___________ ___________ (or irrational beliefs) they internalize that inevitably lead to self-defeat.

(F)alse

REBT makes use of both cognitive and behavioral techniques, but it does not use emotive techniques (T/F).

(T)rue

REBT practitioners strive to unconditionally accept all clients and to teach them to unconditionally accept others and themselves (T/F).

Unconditional self-acceptance, unconditional other-acceptance, unconditional life-acceptance

REBT therapists aim to assist clients in the process of achieving ___________ __________-__________ (USA) ___________ __________-__________ (UOA), and ___________ __________-__________ (ULA).

realistic; unrealistic; self-defeating; life-enhancing

REBT therapists aim to help clients differentiate between ____________ and ____________ goals and between __________-__________ and __________-__________ goals.

cognitive homework; language; imagery; humor; roleplaying

REBT therapy includes taking part in __________ ___________, changing one's ____________, rational emotive ___________, using ___________, and ___________ (r).

blame

REBT views the core of emotional disturbances to be __________.

cognitive therapy

This therapeutic approach is an insight-focused therapy with an emphasis on changing negative thoughts and maladaptive beliefs.

rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)

This therapeutic approach is highly didactiv and direct, and assumes that cognitions, emotions, and behaviors interact and have a reciprocal cause-and-effect relationship.

cognitive therapy

This therapeutic approach posits that change results from reevaluating faulty beliefs based on contradictory evidence that clients have gathered.

rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)

This therapeutic approach teaches that our emotions stem mainly from our beliefs, evaluation, interpretations, and reactions to life.

rational emotive behavior therapy

__________ __________ __________ ___________ is based on the assumption that cognitions, emotions, and behaviors interact significantly.

rational emotive behavior therapy

__________ __________ __________ ___________ is based on the premise that human beings learn irrational beliefs from significant others during childhood and then re-create these irrational beliefs throughout our lifetime.

Relaxation training, discovery-oriented, self-reinforcement

__________ ___________ (rt), Socratic __________-__________ inquiry, and __________-___________ (sr) are part of stress inoculation training.

Aaron Beck

The founder of Cognitive Therapy.

(T)rue

A difference between Beck's cognitive therapy and Ellis's REBT is that Beck places more emphasis on helping clients discover their misconceptions for themselves than does (T/F).

(T)rue

A major contribution made by Ellis, the Becks, Padesky and Mooney, and Meichenbaum is the demystification of the therapy process (T/F).

depression

Beck's cognitive therapy has been most widely applied to the treatment of ___________.

(F)alse

According to Albert Ellis, to feel worthwhile, human beings need love and acceptance from significant others (T/F).

(T)rue

According to Beck, people become disturbed when they label, interpret, and evaluate themselves by a set of rules that are unrealistic (T/F).

(F)alse

Beck developed a procedure known as stress-inoculation training (T/F).

self-instructional therapy

Donald Meichenbaum's theory of cognitive behavior modification lead to his style of therapy, dubbed __________-___________ ___________.

(T)rue

Ellis maintains that events themselves do not cause emotional disturbances; rather, it is our evaluation of and beliefs about these events that cause our problems (T/F).

(F)alse

Ellis shares Rogers's view of the client-therapist relationship as a condition for change to occur within clients (T/F).

active; directive

In cognitive behavioral therapy, the therapist usually takes a(n) __________ and ___________ stance.

identify; examine; beliefs

In cognitive therapy techniques are designed to ____________ and ___________ a client's ____________.

normal emotion; behaviors; disproportionate

In cognitive therapy the assumption is that a psychological disorder begins when ____________ ___________ and ____________ become ____________ to life events in degree frequency.

Socratic; reflective; collaborative empiricism

In cognitive therapy, clients use ____________ dialogue and ____________ questioning to test the validity of their cognitions, referred to as ____________ ____________.

modify (the) instructions

In self-instructional therapy, the focus is on training clients to ___________ the ___________ that they give to themselves so that they can cope more effectively.

self-talk

In self-instructional training, helping clients become aware of their __________-__________ is given primary importance.

practical coping skills

In self-instructional training, the emphasis is on acquiring __________ ___________ ___________.

negative views about themselves

In the first step of the Negative Cognitive Triad, clients hold __________ __________ ___________ ___________.

negative filter

In the second step of the Negative Cognitive Triad, clients interpret life events through a ___________ ____________.

selective abstraction

In the second step of the Negative Cognitive Triad, clients take part in the cognitive distortion known as ___________ ____________.

gloomy vision of the future

In the third step of the Negative Cognitive Triad, clients hold a _________ __________ __________ __________ __________, believing that it will not get better.

self-instructional training

Meichenbaum's ______________________focuses more on helping clients become aware of their self-talk and the stories they tell about themselves.

arbitrary inference(s)

One of cognitive therapy's cognitive distortions in which conclusions are drawn without supporting evidence; this involves catastrophizing, or thinking of the absolute worst outcome for most situations.

selective abstraction

One of cognitive therapy's cognitive distortions that consists of forming conclusions based on an isolated detail of an event, while ignoring other information.

magnification (and) minimization

One of cognitive therapy's cognitive distortions that consists of perceiving a case or situation in a greater or lesser light than it truly deserves.

overgeneralization

One of cognitive therapy's cognitive distortions that involves a process of holding extreme beliefs on the basis of a single incident and applying them inappropriately to dissimilar events or settings.

personalization

One of cognitive therapy's cognitive distortions that involves a tendency for individuals to relate external events to themselves, even where there is no basis for making this connection.

dichotomous thinking

One of cognitive therapy's cognitive distortions that involves categorizing experiences in either-or extremes; it uses polarized thinking.

labeling (and) mislabeling

One of cognitive therapy's cognitive distortions that involves portraying one's identity on the basis of imperfections and mistakes made in the past and allowing them to define one's true identity.

rational emotive behavior therapy

One of the most common CBT group approaches is based on principles from __________ __________ __________ __________.

an add-on

Strength-Based CBT is best when it is used as __________ __________-__________ for classic CBT.

negative cognitive triad

The __________ ___________ ___________ is made up of three parts to a pattern that ultimately contributes to depression.

maladaptive thoughts

The basic assumption of Donald Meichenbaum's Cognitive Behavior Modification is that distressing emotions are typically the result of __________ __________.

Strength-Based CBT

This therapeutic approach involves a four-step model to build resilience and other positive qualities.

(Albert) Ellis

The founder of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy.

strength-based

The main idea of __________-__________ CBT is that active incorporation of client strengths encourages clients to engage more fully in therapy and often provides avenues for change that otherwise would be missed.

cognitive behavior modification

The premise of this therapeutic approach is that, as a prerequisite to behavior change, clients must notice how they think, feel, and behave, and what impact they have on others.

polarized thinking

The type of cognitive error that involves thinking and interpreting in all-or-nothing terms or categorizing experiences in either-or extremes.

Cognitive behavior modification

This therapeutic approach asserts that the focus is on the client's self-statements and/or self-talk.

cognitive therapy

This therapeutic approach expresses that clients' distorted beliefs are the result of cognitive errors, and that psychological problems are an exaggeration of adaptive responses resulting from commonplace cognitive distortions.