Chapter 10: Divorce, Remarriage, and Blended Families

Page 38910.6 Remarriage and Blended Families Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about families. Families that contain stepparents, stepsiblings, or half-siblings are - families. When these families have disagreements about who is in the family, or what role people play, this is called -. This can become even more complex in families in which the parents are not -.

- blended - boundary ambiguity - married

In recent years, the feminization of poverty has -because women now have more education and work experience. This means that they can obtain better - after divorce than in the past. In addition, most couples have fewer kids, helping to alleviate -.

- lessened - jobs - poverty

The Catholic Church prohibited divorce for centuries while allowing -t men to obtain -. This prevented men and women from -, a particularly important restriction by the Church. This changed when King Henry VIII - the Church, thus shifting power over divorce to -.

- powerful - annulments - remarrying - left - the state

What percentage of marriages involves someone who has been married before?

40

The independence effect raises the likelihood of divorce because it motivates women to leave their marriages, whether they are fairly happy or unhappy.

false

How is cohabitation related to the likelihood of getting a divorce?

√Correct choiceCouples who cohabit before marriage are more likely to divorce, but this is due to factors other than cohabitation.

What is the most important way in which legal recognition of gay and lesbian families reduces boundary ambiguity?

√Correct choiceIt makes the marriage and the family more socially recognized.

What came to be called the "divorce revolution" occurred during the - and was marked by a dramatic increase in the divorce rate. Although not the primary cause, new -divorce laws contributed to this change because married men and women could now get divorced without an accusation of wrongdoing and without the - of their partners.

- 1960s-1980s - no-fault - consent

Three key events—the Great Depression, the end of World War II, and the institution of the no-fault divorce law in California—had outsized impacts on the divorce rate. Label each of these events on the figure.

- Great Depression - end of World War II - no-fault divorce law instituted

The divorce rate for adults over age 50 has - in recent decades. This is largely due to the number of people ending their - marriages in older age.

- doubled - second or third

For many people, the goal of modern relationships is to - fulfill both partners. While this can be positive, it also makes relationships more - and at risk of -.

- emotionally - unstable - dissolution

Juan and Emilia fought frequently for about a year before they filed for divorce. When they finally decided to end their marriage, they talked to each other about how to help their children through the experience. They decided to not fight in front of their children and to talk to them about the divorce. Juan promised that he would remain in their lives and see them often. Kevin, the older son, is a bright, self-assured sixth-grader who asked them several questions about what he could expect. Reagan, their shyer, less confident younger child, did not say much but indicated that she understood.

- not fight in front of their children - talk to them about the divorce - remain in their lives and see them often - self-assured

Hakeem and Alya have been married for one year. They each said they were very happy. They had not yet fought or yelled at each other, although they had several disagreements about Hakeem's parents, who were pressuring them to have children. Alya also worked long nights and weekends in her residency and studying, and they struggled to find time to be together. They drew strength from their shared religious commitment, however.

- very happy. - not yet fought or yelled - shared religious commitment

Place the following events or situations in chronological order.

-Divorce was common within the Roman Empire. -The Catholic Church enforced rules against divorce. -England's King Henry VIII broke with the Catholic Church over his wish to divorce and remarry. -Pope Francis stated that he wishes to make annulments easier to get.

Identify the accurate conclusions that may be drawn from this figure.

Accurate Conclusion(s) Remarriage was most common among adults ages 55 to 64. Remarriage was second most common among adults ages 65 or older. Inaccurate Conclusion(s) The tendency to remarry drops off drastically in recent cohorts. Remarriages are now occurring at earlier ages.

Identify the accurate conclusions that may be drawn from this figure.

Accurate Conclusion(s) Stress declines for couples after they divorce. Couples who divorce report more stress in the years leading up to their divorces. Inaccurate Conclusion(s) Steadily married and divorced couples' stress levels begin at the same place two years before the point of divorce (for some) and stasis (for others). Two years after divorce, single people have the same stress levels as married couples.

Then identify each statement about divorce rates as either accurate or inaccurate.

Accurate Statement(s) Married couples who have been together for longer have a lower risk of divorce. As the number of prior marriages increases, the risk of divorce also increases. Inaccurate Statement(s) Black married individuals have the highest risk of divorce. As educational attainment increases, the risk of divorce also increases.

Identify the arguments Americans made about divorce in the late nineteenth century.

Argument(s) Many feared that allowing men and women to divorce would degrade the meaning of marriage. Many viewed remarriage for the spouse who had been "innocent" as acceptable. Remarriage was viewed as more of a problem than divorce. Not Argument(s) Evaluations of divorce and remarriage varied widely, depending on religious affiliation.

Identify the conclusions that may be drawn from this figure.

Conclusion(s) As religious service increases, acceptance of divorce decreases. Liberals view divorce less negatively than conservatives. Conservatism and religious service attendance are likely related to each other. Not Conclusion(s) Conservatives are less likely to divorce.

Identify the contributing factors to the feminization of poverty.

Contributing Factor(s) Women usually end up as children's primary caretakers after divorce. There was a rise in the rate of births to single mothers. Women earn lower incomes than men, on average. Not Contributing Factor(s) There was an increase in the number of mothers who were not in the labor force.

Match each statement to the type of divorce rate it describes.

Divorce-Marriage RatioSELECT A LABEL Correct label:most useful for comparing total divorces with total marriages Refined Divorce RateSELECT A LABEL Correct label:most useful for estimating divorce within the population of people considered "at risk" Correct label:most useful for understanding demographic trends in divorce Crude Divorce RateSELECT A LABEL Correct label:most useful for estimating the number of divorces per person Correct label:most useful for understanding long-term trends

Identify the effects of the divorce revolution on people's behaviors.

Effect(s) It delayed marriage for many. It made divorce in the next generation more common. Not Effect(s) It prevented many people from remarrying. It strengthened the marriages of those who did not divorce.

Identify the effects of the divorce revolution on people's behaviors.

Effect(s) It made divorce in the next generation more common. It delayed marriage for many. Not Effect(s) It strengthened the marriages of those who did not divorce. It prevented many people from remarrying.

Identify the social and structural changes that have affected the definition of stepfamily relationships in recent years.

Effect(s) increasing uncertainty over who is part of a household changes in laws regarding stepfamily relationships increasing rates of cohabitation Not Effect(s) the recent decline in the divorce rate

Identify the relationship dynamic factors that are associated with divorce.

Factor(s) violence frequent disagreement about household tasks Not Factor(s) being religious spending too much time together

Identify the methods used to estimate the likelihood that any given marriage today will end in divorce.

Method(s) apply the divorce rates of prior cohorts of married couples to current cohorts apply the yearly divorce rate to all marriages Not Method(s) construct models from surveys of newly married couples using their relationship quality, income, and other factors to predict divorce

Identify the demographic groups that are more likely than their counterparts to remarry.

More Likely men versus women Hispanics versus all other ethnicities Less Likely adults with low education versus higher education adults ages 35 to 44 versus all other age groups

Identify the reasons why Americans were transfixed by Charlie Chaplin's romantic relationship drama.

Reason(s) He obtained more than one divorce. He paid a large divorce settlement. He married a woman much younger than himself. Not Reason(s) He advocated for more liberal laws surrounding divorce.

Sheri and Donnell are getting a divorce, and Sheri is retaining primary custody of their two children. Identify the stressful circumstances for the children.

Sheri and Donnell both increase their work hours in order to compensate for the loss of household income. Sheri moves to a neighboring town in order to cut down on housing costs. Sheri and Donnell argued frequently in the year leading up to their divorce. Not Stressful Circumstance(s) Sheri and Donnell work out a visitation schedule in which Donnell will take the children for two nights each week as well as for a longer period each summer.

Sheri and Donnell are getting a divorce, and Sheri is retaining primary custody of their two children. Identify the stressful circumstances for the children.

Stressful Circumstance(s) Sheri and Donnell argued frequently in the year leading up to their divorce. Sheri moves to a neighboring town in order to cut down on housing costs. Sheri and Donnell both increase their work hours in order to compensate for the loss of household income. Not Stressful Circumstance(s) Sheri and Donnell work out a visitation schedule in which Donnell will take the children for two nights each week as well as for a longer period each summer.

Identify the statements supported by what you read in the blog.

Supported Statement(s) People thinking about getting a divorce are interested in romantic fantasy. Remarriage is most common in the south and central parts of the country and less common on the coasts and northern states. Unsupported Statement(s) Remarriage is most common in politically liberal states.

Tanika is a child in a blended family. Tanika's mother married a man who has one son, Michael. Identify the accurate definition of Tanika and Michael's relationship.

Tanika and Michael have become stepsiblings.

Match each social theme to the appropriate example of how divorce and remarriage have changed family life.

The likelihood of experiencing divorce and remarriage is higher among those with lower education.inequality Correct label:inequality The relatively common experience of divorce reflects people's expectations that relationships will lead to individual fulfillment.social change Correct label:social change There is a range of family relationships, such as step- and half-siblings, parents, and children.family diversity Correct label:family diversity

Match each type of divorce rate to its definition.

calculates the frequency of divorce to the frequency of new marriagesdivorce-marriage ratio Correct label:divorce-marriage ratio calculates the number of divorces per 1,000 married couples in a countryrefined divorce rate Correct label:refined divorce rate calculates the number of divorces per 1,000 people in a countrycrude divorce rate Correct label:crude divorce rate

Match each scenario to changes in the divorce risk among heterosexual couples.

divorce risk increasesThe husband loses his job. Correct label:The husband loses his job. divorce risk decreasesThe couple's household income increases. Correct label:The couple's household income increases. uncertain influence on divorce riskThe stay-at-home wife decides to get a job. Correct label:The stay-at-home wife decides to get a job.

The divorce rate increased during the Great Recession of the late 2000s.

false

Match each term to its definition.

the legal dissolution of marriagedivorce Correct label:divorce the end of a marriagemarital dissolution Correct label:marital dissolution the formal or informal end of a marital relationship in which one or both partners move out of the homeseparation Correct label:separation a determination that a marriage was never validannulment Correct label:annulment

Historically, evaluating custody cases in light of "the best interests of the child" usually resulted in granting custody to the mother.

true