Chapter 10

Tree Diagram

A means to breaking down the components of larger generalities to the step by step specifics

Affinity Diagram

A means to organize ideas into logical relationships

What are the seven planning tools according to the american society of quality?

Affinity Diagram Relations Diagram Tree Diagram Matrix Diagram Matrix Data Analysis Arrow Diagram Process Decision program Chart

Relations Diagrams

Cause and effect relationships are made to develop natural links between different components of complex situations

Arrow Diagram

Demonstrates the order of taska and how best to schedule to utilize resources to the highest potential

Matrix Diagram

Demonstrates the relationships between groupings of info and how the relationships work together

What is the difference between Mechanic and Organic organizations?

Mechanic organizations are ones that have distinct structure-more formal that allow for the most efficient operations Organic organizations are allowed to forms on their own- the ownership is still involved but is less directive

Departmentalization

The clustering of people or activities into separate areas of operation.

Work Specialization

The degree to which an organization divides the labor required to operate the organization. Also known as division of labor.

What are the disadvantages of functional structure?

The functions may have trouble working with other functions

Process Decision Program Chart

The identification of what may go wrong with a plan that is under developement

Span of Control

The number of individuals a person is responsible for supervising. It can also refer to the amount of resources under someone's authority.

Chain of Command

The reporting structure that is in place for employees to follow. Used more in hierarchical organizations, the chain of command can be quite strict. Meaning that it is important to understand to whom you report. In more flat organizations, the chain of command is often relaxed.

Centralization

This is when an organization concentrates planning and decision making to one central area or group of individuals.

Decentralization

This is when an organization disperses planning and decision making to different areas or groups of individuals within the organization.

What is the functional structure?

This type of structure separates depts. into a HIERARCHICAL form based in their area of expertise. Each functional area would have an executive or manager that would report directly to the President of the company.

What is the matrix structure?

This type of structure uses a dual reporting system instead of traditional. It is set up like a GRID in which individuals are reporting to 2 separate managers.

What is the Network Structure?

This type of structure usually supported by technology that allows for employees to work on various projects at one time. This can be useful if you have a pool of skilled workers that can benefit many areas of an organization.

What are the main facets of OD?

Work Specialization Span of Control Chain of Command Departmentalization Centralization Decentralization Formalization

What do you need to consider when planning?

budget, timeframe, people required, equipment, skilled labor, motivation of people, threats and failures.

When examining the relationship depicted in the organizational chart, this type of line represents line authority

solid line

what do dotted lines represent in an organization chart?

staff authority ( indirect support relationship such as the VP of HR)

What is formal structure?

structure that has been developed and implemented by the organization

What is informal structure?

structure that has been developed based on relationships and interactions that people have within the organizations.

What does organizational structure represent?

task allocation, coordination, and division within an organization

What are disadvantages to the matrix structure?

the employees can easily conflict in priorities if there is not clear communication between the different managers

What is the organizational design (OD) team?

A group of consultants for small to medium sized businesses, the analysis and selection of the structure, formal systems of communication, division of labor, as well as the disbursement of authority and responsibility.

Matrix Data Analysis

A mathematical technique for optimizing based on a list of criteria to allow for the best options to be chosen

What are the keys to successful OD?

Accountability Leave Past assumptions behind Trust one another Utilize talent Focus on what you can control

Formalization

This is the process of creating policies and procedures around activities within the organization