chapter 11, 12-13 Cognitive Psych.

You are conducting a study on how fluency influences the phonemic restoration effect. You study two groups of non-native English speakers, one with a year of English classes and the other with 10 years. All of your stimuli are in English. Who would you expect to show the greatest phonemic restoration effect?

the group with 10 years of English instruction

Tanenhaus and coworkers' eye movement study presented participants with different pictures for interpreting the sentence "put the apple on the towel in the box." their results support

the interaction approach to praising

Syntax is

the rules for combining words into sentences

A phoneme refers to

the shortest segment of speech that, if changed, changes the meaning of a word

Insight refers to

the sudden realization of a problem's solution

"kitchen tables" consists of _______ morphemes

three

In the movie Apollo 13, astronauts aboard a damaged spacecraft have to build a carbon dioxide filter out of random items that are aboard the ship with them. if they do not, they will all die rapidly of carbon dioxide poisoning. the fact that they are able to do so with the help of experts on Earth is similar to the_________ approach developed by Ronald Finke

Divergent thinking

in the town of Hanoi problem, the______ state involves having three discs stacked on the left peg, with the middle and right pegs empty

Initial

Newell and Simon called the conditions at the beginning of the problem the

Initial state

Gentner and Goldinmeadow (2003) illustrated that analogical encoding causes problem solvers to pay attention to ____ features that ______ their ability to solve other problems

Structural; diminish

The word "bad" has_____ phoneme(s)

Three

in the phonemic restoration effect, participants "fill in" the missing phoneme based on all of the following EXCEPT

a mental "skimming" of the lexicon to find likely words

Which of the following is the best example of a garden path sentence?

before the police stopped the Toyota disappeared into the night

Experts categorize problems based on

general principles that problems share

Finke's creating an object studies show that people were more likely to come up with creative uses for preventative objects if they

made the objects themselves

Amber lives in a housing development between two parallel streets that both connect to a freeway. She usually takes the street to the south when heading southbound on the freeway to work, but that street that street is closed for repairs for three months. After the streets to the south is re-opened, she continues to take the street to the north, even though it is a slightly longer route. Continuing to take the street to the north represents

mental set

coherence refers to the

representation of the text in a reader's mind, so that information in one part of the text is related to information in another part of the text.

people are most successful at noticing an analogous relationship between problem if they focus on

structure features