Chapter 11

Supplements of Vitamin D supplements are prescribed for which conditions?

To prevent or treat rickets or osteomalacia

Supplements of Vitamin B12 may be necessary for which conditions?

Treatment for pernicious anemia

Supplements of Vitamin C may be recommended for the following conditions.

Treatment of scurvy and prevention or treatment of the common cold

Which of the following IS NOT a sign of hyperkalemia?

Ulcer

Supplements of Niacin may be recommended for the following conditions.

Vascular disorders, such as Raynaud's disease, and to lower blood lipid levels

Functions of iron (Fe) in the body include:

hemoglobin formation.

Excessive potassium is also referred to as:

hyperkalemia.

Antagonism, with regard to medications, refers to:

inactivating another drug.

The role of antioxidants is:

inhibition of cellular destruction in damaged or aging tissues.

Symptoms of overdose related to excess Vitamin A intake include:

joint pain. diarrhea. brittle nails.

A major concern with intravenous administration of calcium includes:

local tissue irritation and/or necrosis.

Tetany refers to:

muscle spasm.

Vitamin A is necessary for:

resistance to infection, night vision, bone and soft tissue growth, and healing of wounds.

Vitamin A is primarily responsible for:

resistance to infection. normal bone growth. proper night vision.

Iodine (I) is associated primarily with:

thyroid hormones.

Side effects of excessive doses of this vitamin cause irritability, lethargy, headache, joint pain, and jaundice.

vitamin A

Which vitamin is found in the carotene of plants, especially yellow-orange and dark-green leafy vegetables, fruits, oily saltwater fish, dairy products, and eggs?

vitamin A

Side effects of large doses of this vitamin cause neuropathy.

vitamin B6

A known side effect of this vitamin in excess of the RDA may cause an increase in uric acid levels, possibly leading to attacks of gouty arthritis.

vitamin C

Identify the vitamin converted by sunlight on the skin and found in fortified food products.

vitamin D

Identify the vitamin necessary for maintenance of normal nerves and muscles and regulating the absorption and metabolism of calcium and phosphorus.

vitamin D

Side effects of excessive doses of this vitamin cause kidney stones, kidney damage, muscle and bone pain, nausea, and anorexia.

vitamin D

Symptoms of a deficiency of this vitamin include rickets, osteomalacia, and muscle spasms.

vitamin D

Side effects of excessive doses of this vitamin cause prolonged bleeding time.

vitamin E

Symptoms of a deficiency of this vitamin are destruction of RBCs and muscle weakness.

vitamin E

Which vitamin is found most notably in cereals, wheat germ, seeds, nuts, vegetable oils, eggs, meat, and poultry?

vitamin E

Blood clotting is facilitated by which vitamin?

vitamin K

Side effects of excessive doses of this vitamin cause jaundice in infants.

vitamin K

The symptom of a deficiency of this vitamin is prolonged blood clotting time.

vitamin K

This vitamin is found in green or leafy vegetables, cabbage, vegetable oils, cheese, eggs, and liver.

vitamin K

Neuritis, mental disturbance, muscle weakness, and fatigue are the result of a deficiency of which of the following vitamins?

vitamins B1

Functions of zinc (Zn) in the body include:

wound healing and mineralization of bone.

n addition to night blindness, Vitamin A deficiencies may be observed as which condition?

Anorexia

Supplements of Vitamin K may be necessary for which conditions?

As an antidote for Coumadin therapy

Alcoholism is commonly responsible for deficiencies of which vitamin(s)?

B1 E C

Which of the following symptoms is most commonly associated with a Vitamin A deficiency?

Blindness

Which of the following preparations delivers the highest amount of elemental calcium per tablet?

Calcium Carbonate

Excessive levels of Pyroxidine or Vitamin B6 may cause seizures in the newborn.

Cardiac regulation

Supplements of vitamin A may be necessary for which conditions?

Infants fed unfortified skim milk or mild substitute formulas

The following are considered to be signs of overdose or toxicity associated with Vitamin A.

Irritability Jaundice Joint pain Fetal malformations

Which of the following is a potassium supplement that may be dissolved in water for oral administration?

K-Lyte

B-complex vitamins are found mostly in which group of foods?

Leafy and green vegetables (broccoli), avocado, beets, orange juice, kidney beans, and organ meats

Supplements of Vitamin E may be necessary for which conditions?

Malabsorption syndromes, for example, celiac disease, sprue, and cystic fibrosis

Lipid metabolism requires which of the following?

Niacin

One of the common side effects of this vitamin is a flushing or burning sensation of the head, neck, and chest?

Niacin

Thiamine is essential for what function?

Normal function of the nervous and cardiovascular systems

Insufficient amounts of Vitamin C may result in which symptoms?

Poor healing, muscle cramps/weakness, ulcerated gums/mouth, capillary fragility, and scurvy

Supplements of calcium may be recommended for the following conditions.

Pregnant or lactating women and postmenopausal women

Which vitamin is necessary for metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, protein, and amino acids?

Pyridoxine

Which of the B vitamins are associated with a toxicity when given in excessive doses?

Pyroxidine - B6

Which types of problems may lead to mineral or electrolyte imbalances?

Diarrhea, diabetes, diuretic use Excessive perspiration, surgery Fasting, weight reduction diets

When providing patient education, which of the following statements SHOULD be offered?

Do not take calcium with any other medications.

Which supplement may be more likely to cause toxicity when overdosed?

Fat-soluble vitamins

Which of the following would be the best source of Vitamin D?

Fish oils

Identify the vitamin necessary for protein synthesis, production of red blood cells, cell division, and normal growth and maintenance of all cells.

Folic acid

Which of the following statements regarding herbal products is true?

Herbal products are not subject to the same scrutiny and restrictions as other medicinal products

Which mineral deficiency is associated with muscular weakness, confusion, and nausea and vomiting?

Sodium Chloride Potassium