chapter 11

What is the current world population, rounded to the nearest billion?

8

Not an Accurate Statement

At the 2013 Carnival, chemicals spilled and resulted in an environmental crisis.

Trobriand gardens

Bronislaw Malinowski

A Warning

Building a sustainable city may gentrify working-class neighborhoods. Sustainability goals may result in policies and projects that benefit the upper classes disproportionately.

Accurate Statement

Controversy over the Kepone chemical contamination scandal was expressed at Carnival. Carnival is a venue for public conversation about the big debates of the day. Carnival includes overt displays of sexuality and gender transgression.

How Forests Think

Eduardo Kohn

Result

Freshwater systems are depleted. Wealthy nations compete against poor nations in a scramble for oil and coltan. Ice sheets that provide drinking water are shrinking.

Not a Warning

Gender and sexual politics often intersect with sustainability concerns. In the twenty-first century, key threats to the future of humanity include climate change, hunger, rising food prices, and more.

Anthropocene

Humans must adapt to environmental changes that we have set in motion. the current era

Indigenous people and land in the Great Basin area of the American West

Julian Steward

More Personal

Kevin rides a bike rather than using a car. Tina reduces the amount of clothing she owns.

Swamplife

Laura Ogden

More Institutional

Leo challenges his college to invest in solar and wind power. Adriana and her friends' campaign for a politician who supports sustainability efforts.

Classic Western Worldview

Nature is untouched and exotic. Nature must be protected from the activities of people.

Chinese water management and irrigation farming

Owen Lattimore

Gimi Worldview

People and nature interrelate and influence one another. People live as part of their local ecosystem, not outside it.

Not a Result

Political systems fail to address environmental crises.

Alien Ocean

Stefan Helmreich

Not an Outcome

The pipeline development project was cancelled.

An Outcome

There were 750 arrests made. Over 300 people were injured. State police and the National Guard removed unarmed protestors.

migrant workers in Florida's Everglades swampland

Zora Neale Hurston

Holocene

a climate that remained fairly stable for about 12,000 years an era in the past

Which name do scientists use for the current era, to reflect the dramatic human impact on the earth in recent history?

anthropocene

Not a Reasonable Strategy

communicate with forest plants and trees by imitating the sounds of wind and water eat, sleep, and spend time as animals do

Ecotourism always involves the tourists doing environmental conservation work, such as tree planting.

false

Melissa Checker's fieldwork in Augusta, Georgia, showed how middle-class residents can make a difference by reducing household consumption.

false

Studies suggest that as early as 1940 humans began to use more resources than the planet could regenerate.

false

Identify the research question that most closely fits with Melissa Checker's fieldwork in Augusta, Georgia.

how can communities of color build social movements to challenge environmental problems

Reasonable Strategy

investigate the ecological relationships between people and plants see the world through the eyes of an animal

Which anthropological category does Donna Haraway promote as a framework for interpreting the environment?

kinship

Not a Problem

mining for the mineral phosphate

Industrial Agriculture and Livestock Production

produces 25 percent of the global greenhouse emissions

Peasants

smaller-scale production use less fossil fuels and water increased carbon sequestration

Problem

submersion of entire riverside towns disruption of the river-based economy residents forced to relocate

About 20 percent of U.S. fossil fuel reserves are on Native lands.

true

In Martinique, some people worry that the widespread contamination of environmental toxins is now leading to a wide effeminizing of the male population and an increase in intersex births.

true

Laura Ogden's Swamplife: People, Gators, and Mangroves Entangled in the Everglades (2011) relied on data from oral histories conducted with gladesmen.

true

Stefan Helmreich's ethnographic research analyzed ways in which microbes and human bodies are interconnected.

true

The Standing Rock Sioux Reservation protests were an attempt to block the Dakota Access Pipeline.

true

Key Threat to Future of Humanity

water shortages increasing inequality the collapse of nation-states climate change