Chapter 11 Quiz (Social Psyc)

Transactional justice involves ________.

About whether the decisions relating to the distribution of rewards have been adequately explained and distribution was courteous

Distributive justice refers to individuals' judgments

About whether the rewards they receive are proportionate to the contributions they have made

\John is learning to play the guitar. He is in the process of mastering several new songs. From the perspective of Zajonc`s drive theory od social facilitation, John should practice

Alone until mastery is achieved, and then perform in the presence of others

Procedural justice involves individuals' judgments

Concerning the fairness of the procedures used to distribute available rewards among group members

Paul, Sarah, Deborah, and George are working on a research paper for their social psychology class they can reduce social loafing by

Ensuring that each member of the group recognizes the paper as being important both to the group and to the members

Paul Sarah Deborah and George are working on a research paper for their social psychology class. They can reduce social loafing by

Ensuring that each member of the group recognizes the paper as being important to both the group and the members

Bargaining is a process in which opposing sides

Exchange offers, counteroffers, and concessions, either directly or through representatives

Group polarization involves the tendency of

Group members to shift toward more extreme positions than those they initially held as a result of group discussion

Paul, Sarah, Deborah, and George are working on a research paper for their social psychology class. They can reduce social loafing by

Having each team member initial the parts of the paper she or he completed

Paul, Sarah Deborah and George are working on a research paper for their social psychology class. They can reduce social loafing by

Holding periodic pep rallies for themselves in which each group member becomes increasingly committed to the project and its outcome

John has violated a norm his ____group, while Li Qing has violated one in her______ group. We would more likely expect ______ for John, and _____ for Li Qing.

Individualist, collectivist, approval, disapproval

George has been asked to join a "secret society"(similar to a small fraternity) as his college. This group`s initiation rituals are quite severe and somewhat dangerous. In addiction, members tend to identify strongly with the group. If George decides to join, he can expect that

Members are very unlikely to leave the group after they have joined

Leaders who are prototypical of the group are seen as

More likely to take actions that serve the group`s interest

Group decision making involves the

Processes involved with combing and integrating available information in order to choose one of several different courses of action

William joined a small fraternity as his college. The initiation he faced was quite severe and somewhat dangerous. Now, he`s a senior member of the fraternity and the college is investigating the fraternity for possible violations of the college`s hazing policy. As a result, William finds that,

The fraternity`s cohesiveness has substantially increased.

which of the following is an example of a group with low entitativity?

a group of concert goers

Greta works on a team at a toy manufacturing plant. Her team works on one type of toy, and each team member focuses on the production of a single part of the toy. In this position, Greta, along with her teammates, performs___ tasks.

additive

What is the most common strategy for resolving conflicts?

bargaining

Max, Tara, and Carlos all speak English and were born in the United States. While they have never met each other, they are part of a group. What type of group are they in?

common- identity group

Which type of group tends to involve face-to-face interaction among the members of the group, each of whom is bonded to each other?

common-bond group

Amy is always trying to defeat others in all types of situations, even as inconsequential as seeing who can brush their teeth the fastest. Amy probably has ___ personal orientation toward social dilemmas

competitive

Two brothers have inherited a small plot of land from their parents. One brother wants to sell the land and divide the money with his brother. The other wants to use the land as collateral for a business loan. This is an example of

conflict

University alumni associations, as a group, have ______ for many of its members

considerable entitativity

Roger, Sabiha, Emily and George are working on a group paper for a class. Emily is often found to not be pulling her weight in this collaborative project. How would one go about reducing the likelihood of Emily engaging in social loafing?

convince emily that her contributions is unique

Two neighbors are working together to build a stone fence through a field. They both help each other move the larger rocks. This is an example of

cooperation

Thinking about status appears to influence the importance group members attach to _____justice

distributive

Thomas buys a new, green winter coat for his wife, Maureen. He wasn`t sure what size she wore, so he bough a medium, thinking that if it didn`t fit he could bring it back to the store and exchange it. He shows it to Maureen, who, after noticing the size and trying it on, develops a bad mood and is distant from Thomas, the rest of the night. Thomas thinks she doesn't like the coat and snaps, "Fine. That the last nice thing I try to do for you." He storms out of the house. The next day, he learns that Maureen very much likes the coat but was sad that she used to wear a small but now a medium fits her perfectly. The conflict occurred because, when evaluating Maureen`s behavior, Tom made a

faulty attribution

In a sense, there can be no leadership without

followers

Jessie is thrilled to be considered for the CFO position of XYZ Computers. They offer her the job, and she works for a year before the company dissolves due to financial duress. Only later does Jessie come to learn the full extent to the company`s financial problems and their origins. Jessie was appointed to her position due to a

glass cliff

A number of venture capitalists know they want to invest in Phoodle, a new tech startup company. Up until now, the VCs, had never met as a group, but they knew they could invest up to $1 million of their own money. They finally get everyone together to discuss the matter and, by the end of the all-day meeting, each member has agrees to invest up to $3 million. This is an example of

group polarization

Approval for a new light rail has been granted by a major city. Those on the project are excited to begin, as they have been planning the project for many years now. However, not long before the first day of work on the project, one of the team members notices a critical flaw in the business plan for the project. He can't believe no one noticed it before, as the error is so large that it puts the entire project in jeopardy. He pleads his case to the project manager and the financial committee, but everyone he speaks to is so committed to the project that they refuse to look at his evidence. He eventually quits, as he doesn't want to work for a team besieged by

groupthink

Strongly cohesive groups may assume that their decisions can't be incorrect and to put pressure on all group members to strongly support the group's decisions. This is known as ________.

groupthink

Omri, in his professional association, serves informally as a kind of "father confessor," listening attentively to members of that group. He best reflects _____ in (of) the group.

his role

Which of the following I indicative of leadership?

influence

Ahmed belongs to his university`s student Senate, a group that is high in entitativity. It is likely that Ahmed feels that the Student Senate

is of great consequence to him

Sebastian works for a large publishing firm in New York City. He sets the discussion points for his team`s meetings, leads the discussion, conceptualizes and plans the team`s long-term projects, and motivates the other team members to meet their objectives. Which of the following qualities best encompasses what you know about Sebastian?

leadership

Dr. Roland, a professor of chemistry, bestows an end-of-the-year award to the student he deems to have gone above and beyond throughout the semester. Dr. Roland does not release his rubric for how he assesses this, not does he tell the students his requirements. At the end of the year, Dr. Roland bestows the award to Carla, his niece, even though she was absent for many classes and completed the work late. The other students are furious and want to know how Dr. Roland made his evaluation and selection. They are concerned with_____ justice

procedural

Integrative agreements

provide greater joint benefits than simple compromise

One primary goal in negotiating with an individual or a group is to

reduce the opposing side`s aspirations

When creating a group of experts, all of whom bring different expertise to the table, it may be particularly important to make sure that dissent within the group is welcome. This is because groups tend

share only unshared information

When it comes to decisions, Ilene thinks she is bolder than her coworkers. In a recent meeting, she discovered that other workers in the office favored even bolder decisions. As a result, Ilene shifted toward an even bolder position herself. The process underlying Ilene's change is ________.

social comparison

Jason, Paul, and mark are working on a group project for their social psychology class. Jason believes that Paul is not doing as much work on the project as he and mark are doing. If Jason is accurate in his perception, paul is engaging in

social loafing

Jeremy is an actor who specializes in comedy. His friends persuade him to perform at a venue that specializes in audience-led improvisation, meaning that the audience chooses the subject matter for the actors. During the performance, Jeremy performs better than he ever has during comedic scenes, but performs more terribly than he ever has in serious dramatic scenes requiring strong emotion. Jeremy`s overall performance can be explained by

the drive theory of social facilitation

The extent to which the ratio of contributions by group members to the rewards they receive should be______ for all group members in order for us to believe that______ justice exists.

the same; distributive

When individuals don't have all the information needed to make judgments about the fairness of a particular situation, they tend to rely on ______ as an indication of fairness

their current affective state