Chapter 11: the gallbladder and biliary system (practice test)

The cystic duct connects the _____ of the gallbladder with the common hepatic duct to form the _____. A) neck; CBD B) fundus; common bile duct (CBD) C) fundus; common hepatic duct (CHD) D) body; CHD

A) neck; CBD

Which one of the following is a function of the gallbladder? A) reservoir for bile B) reservoir for biliary salts C) storage for extra cholesterol D) storage for enzymes

A) reservoir for bile

Which one of the following is the most characteristic of nonshadowing, low-amplitude echoes in a dependent gallbladder? A) sludge B) cholelithiasis C) cholecystitis D) porcelain gallbladder

A) sludge

The most common cause of biliary ductal obstruction is the presence of a ductal: A) tumor B) cyst C) stone D) stricture

A) tumor

In a 60-year-old adult, the normal common bile duct should not measure more than ______ mm. A) 10 B) 6 C) 8 D) 5

B) 6

A condition causing RUQ pain in which small polypoid masses arise from the gallbladder wall is: A) cholesterosis B) adenomyomatosis C) pruritus D) choledocholithiasis

B) adenomyomatosis

The common bile duct is joined by the main pancreatic duct. Together they open through the _____ into the duodenal wall. A) ampulla of Water B) ampulla of Vater C) ampulla of Santorini D) ampulla of Oddi

B) ampulla of Vater

Gas-forming bacteria in the gallbladder appear on ultrasound as: A) dilated round shape B) bright echo with a comet tail artifact C) localized dilation D) nonshadowing echogenic mass

B) bright echo with a comet tail artifact

A positive Murphy sign is a clinical finding associated with: A) porcelain gallbladder B) cholecystitis C) adenomyomatosis D) cholelithiasis

B) cholecystitis

The valves of Heister are tiny valves found within the: A) pancreatic duct B) cystic duct C) common bile duct D) common hepatic duct

B) cystic duct

The hepatic duct is joined by the _____ to form the _____. A) pancreatic duct; cystic duct B) cystic duct; common bile duct C) right hepatic duct; common bile duct D) common bile duct; cystic duct

B) cystic duct; common bile duct

A Phrygian cap of the gallbladder is: A) calcification of the gallbladder wall B) folding of the fundus C) septations within the organ D) partial septation

B) folding of the fundus

A gallbladder that folds near the area of the neck is called: A) phrygian cap B) hartmann pouch C) murphy sign D) murphy pouch

B) hartmann pouch

Classic symptoms of gallbladder disease include all of the following except: A) right upper quadrant pain B) hematuria C) right shoulder pain D) nausea and vomiting

B) hematuria

Which one of the following describes the most common sonographic appearance of gallbladder carcinoma? A) comet tail shadowing posterior to a hypoechoic focus B) irregular echogenic mass projecting from the gallbladder wall C) "comet tail" shadowing posterior to a hyperechoic focus D) shadowing posterior to mobile echogenic mass

B) irregular echogenic mass projecting from the gallbladder wall

The distal duct lies _____ with the anterior wall of the inferior vena cava (IVC). A) horizontal B) parallel C) perpendicular D) lateral

B) parallel

Air within the biliary tree, secondary to common bile duct stent, is called: A) pneumothorax B) pneumobilia C) hemobilia D) cholangitis

B) pneumobilia

The most common tumor sites that can spread carcinoma to the biliary tree include all of the following except the: A) breast B) colon C) kidney D) melanoma

C) kidney

The bright linear echo within the liver connecting the gallbladder and the right or main portal vein is called the: A) right lobar fissure B) ligamentum teres C) main lobar fissure D) left lobar fissue

C) main lobar fissure

Thickening of the gallbladder wall may be caused by all of the following except: A) cholecystitis B) adenomyomatosis C) pancreatitis D) hepatitis

C) pancreatitis

The diameter of the common hepatic duct is approximately _____ millimeters (mm). A) 5 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

D) 4

In cases of choledocholithiasis, stones tend to lodge in the: A) pancreatic duct B) common bile duct C) common hepatic duct D) ampulla of Vater

D) ampulla of Vater

Patients positive for the AIDS are at risk for developing: A) hepatitis B) pancreatitis C) nephritis D) cholangitis

D) cholangitis

Inflammation of the gallbladder is: A) choledocholithiasis B) adenomyomatosis C) cholesterosis D) cholecystitis

D) cholecystitis

A fusiform dilation of the common bile duct that causes obstruction is known as: A) Phrygian cap B) adenomyomatosis C) cholangitis D) choledochal cyst

D) choledochal cyst

The right and left hepatic ducts emerge from the right lobe of the liver in the porta hepatis and unite to form the: A) common pancreatic duct B) common bile duct C) cystic duct D) common hepatic duct

D) common hepatic duct

The physiologic effect of a fatty meal includes all of the following except: A) contraction of the gallbladder B) stimulation of cholecystokinin (CCK) C) relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi D) decrease bile flow to the liver

D) decrease bile flow to the liver

The sonographic appearance of cholelithiasis is best described as: A) mobile, hypoechoic focus demonstrating posterior shadowing B) immobile, echogenic focus demonstrating a comet tail artifact C) nonshadowing mobile hyperechoic focus D) mobile, hyperechoic focus demonstrating posterior shadowing

D) mobile, hyperechoic focus demonstrating posterior shadowing

A thick calcified gallbladder wall describes which one of the following conditions? A) gangrenous gallbladder B) wall-echo-shadowing (WES) sign C) emphysematous gallbladder D) porcelain gallbladder

D) porcelain gallbladder

All of the following sonographic appearances are found in cases of gallbladder carcinoma except: A) cholelithiasis B) wall thickening C) intraluminal wall mass D) sludge

D) sludge