Chapter 11 Understanding Visual Arts

Beginning in the 1960s artists began to create works of impermanent sculptures to explore what ideas?

Bringing people together in a new way Avoiding sales and ownerships of an object Bringing art closer to people's everyday lives

What was Auguste Rodin memorializing in The Burghers of Calais?

The self-sacrifice of six townsmen of 14th-century Calais

A work of art that is made for a specific place using natural materials found there is called a(n) ______.

earthwork

What is a relief sculpture?

It can be viewed from the front and side.

Who developed contrapposto?

Sculptors in ancient Greece

Select all that apply Which characteristics best describe synthetic resin as a sculptural material?

-A wide range of colored pigments in can be added to incorporate color.-The appearance of more traditional sculptural material can be easily mimicked.

Select all that apply Which descriptions apply to carving?

-It is more aggressive than modeling. -It is more direct than casting. -It is a subtractive process.

Look at this image. Who has Japanese sculptor Kaikei represented in this wooden sculpture?

A patron and protector of warriors An individual with the outward appearance of a Buddhist monk Shinto diety Hachiman

Look at this image. How does Auguste portray the individuals in The Burghers of Calais?

As individuals facing death in their own way

The use of found objects as a sculptural material is an example of what type of sculptural technique?

Assembling

What metal is most frequently used in the casting process?

Bronze

What is the most common sculptural material used for modeling?

CLay

Which sculpting method includes using a specifically shaped container into which the liquid is poured and then allowed to cool and harden?

Casting

True or false: Installation art always replicates familiar spaces such as hotel rooms or offices.

False

Select all that apply Which are aspects of contrapposto?

It is Italian for "counterpoise" or "counterbalance" It places the figure's weight on one foot, which create a series of adjustments to the hips and shoulders that produce a subtle S-curve.

Which are aspects of contrapposto?

It is a pose that suggests the potential for movement in a standing figure It is Italian for "counterpoise" or "counterbalance" It places the figure's weight on one foot, which create a series of adjustments to the hips and shoulders that produce a subtle S-curve.

Why does much ancient art that remains in the 21st century exist as terra cotta?

It was surprisingly durable.

What is installation art?

Modifying space in some way and allowing the viewer to experience that space

About what is Robert Smithson's earthwork Spiral Jetty?

Moving away from art as a commodity object

Louis Bourgeois's Maman is an example what kind of sculpture?

Sculpture in the round

Where is the famous earthwork Serpent Mound located? Multiple choice question. In south

Southern Ohio

If in the ancient world statues were often believed to have had an ambiguous, porous relationship to life, then which of the following can be said?

Statues could stand in for the bodies of dead individuals in rituals and ceremonies. Statues could become reanimated through the intense devotion of the living. Statues could offer physical protection for the bodies of the dead.

Select all that apply What are the principal materials used for carving?

Stone Wood

Taking a block of marble and carving a human figure out of it is considered to be what kind of sculptural process?

Subtractive

Select all that apply Which are characteristics of earthworks?

The element of time is central to earthworks. They were originally conceived of as a way to make art that could not be bought and sold. They enter into the natural world and participate in its changes.

What is the formal pose of Menkaure and Khamerenebty meant to convey?

The power of the rulers Their eternal existence Their status as "junior gods"

True or false: To portray a human being in sculpture is to bring it into the world itself and give it a version of life.

True

Look at this image. Based on the ancient Egyptian convention of depicting human form, how are the pharaoh Menkaure and Khamerenebty portrayed?

With idealized facial features and bodies Facing straight forward, with the pharaoh's arms arms stiff at his sides

Look at this image. Who is being depicted in this Baule sculpture?

a spirit spouse

Some people in the art field distinguish between assembling, which brings sculpture parts on or near each other, and , which joins the pieces through a process such as welding or nailing.

constructing

Snowmen, Sandcastles and Christo and Jeanne-Claude's The Gates are all examples of _____.

impermanent sculptures

The French term bas-relief means _______ relief, which is when he figures protrude only a small degree from the background.

low

To portray a human being in sculpture is to bring it into the world itself and give it a version of life.

true