Chapter 11 - Urban Renewal and Community Development

How CBDGs were required to be used

"Stimulative" and "substitutive"

Urban renewal stems from these two basic economic circumstance

1. To build on new land, the builder needs to pay for the land and construction 2. To build on occupied land, the builder also has to pay for the residential value of those structures

Local Public Agencies (LPAs)

Allowed by the housing act of 1949; purchase new sites using eminent domain and then clear and prepare those site and sell them to private developers

Community Developed Block Grants (CDBGs)

Allowed municipalities more discretion, where community development funds were distributed on a formula basis (population, age of housing stock, poverty)

Community Development vs. Urban Renewal

Community development is a gentler approach with emphasis on rehabilitation and preservation, Urban renewal has an aggressive clear-and-start-from-scratch approach.

ARC 7 principals

Connectivity, pedestrian access trails, provision of neighborhood retail, social interaction, diversity or dwelling types, healthy living, consideration of existing residents

Land assemblage program

For the developer setting up a major project, it may be necessary to deal with dozens of different owners

City Realty Corporations

Guy Greer and Alvin Hansen; suggested the use of organizations funded by the government to use eminent domain to assemble and renew lands

The Most important issue in urban planning

Housing

The Atlanta Regional Commission (ARC)

Laid out seven principals to achieve the goals for planning for an older population

Housing and Community Development act of 1974

Replaced urban renewal programs with other programs, such as Community Development Block Grants

Housing Assistance Plan (HAP)

Spelled out community housing needs and laid out plans for dealing with them

urban homesteading

When the house is given to a new (usually poor) owner, who promises to "bring it up to code" within a given time period in exchange for the house being given without charge

Housing act of 1949

a law passed by Congress in 1949 to create public housing and urban renewal programs in order to help all Americans live in decent conditions