Chapter 11 : Water and Major Minerals HW

The most plentiful mineral in the body is

Calcium

What are the major minerals?

Calcium Chlorine Magnesium Phosphorus Potassium Sodium Sulfur

Common signs of dehydration include

Dark colored Urine Low urine volume Dry Mouth

The blood pressure reading that represents the pressure in an artery when the ventricles relax between contractions is called the _______

Diastolic pressure

Mineral elements that have electrical charges that help maintain fluid balance in the body are called ______.

Electrolytes or ions

Which factors contribute to bone loss and osteoporosis?

Family history Excessive alcohol consumption Cigarette smoking

Which of the following diseases or conditions are positively affected by calcium rich diets?

Insulin resistance Chronic inflammation Hypertension

Which type of tissue contains more water?

Lean muscle

Which of the following is considered a major mineral? (needed in quantities of greater than 100mg)

Magnesium

Treatments for hypertension often include

Managing stress Dietary Modifications Taking prescription medications

A chronic disease characterized by low bone mass and reduced bone structure is called

Osteoporosis

Most of the phosphorus in the body can be found in

Skeleton

The mineral that plays the leading role in the regulation of fluid balance in the body is _____

Sodium

Which of the following is the best source of magnesium?

Spinach

Because minerals are water soluble______.

They can leach into cooking water

Older adults are at risk for dehydration because they do not sense ______ as accurately as younger adults.

Thirst

True or False : Most unusable substances in the body can dissolve in water and exit the body through the urine.

True

Rank where water is lost in the body in order from the greatest source of loss to the least.

Urine Feces Insensible perspiration Expired air

Most people with osteoporosis are

older adult women

Seeds and beans are not considered good sources of phosphorus because they contain factors which inhibit dietary phosphorus absorption called

phytates

Excellent sources of chloride include

tomatoes, celery, and seaweed

The condition that arises when an excessive amount of water is consumed in a short period of time is called

water intoxication

The adequate intake for total water intake is ______ cups per day for young adult men and _______ cups per day for young adult women.

15.5, 11

Milk loses about _____% of its calcium content during the process to make cottage cheese?

50

Depending on a person's unique body composition roughly what percentage of body weight in contributed by water?

50-75%

The major source of chloride in the American diet is

table salt

The adult RDA for calcium ranges from

1000 to 1200 mg/day

Water enters the digestive system from

Fluids that we drink Secretions from the mouth and stomach Food that we eat

Examples of diuretics include

coffee, alcohol, and tea

The simplest ways to determine hydration status are observing urine

color and volume

Table salt is chemically known as

sodium chloride

Major minerals are called major because

They are needed in greater dietary amounts and are stored in the body in larger quantities

Which of the following are food food sources of calcium?

Yogurt, cheese, and milk