Chapter 12

Vitamin B is important for the production of red blood cells because it is utilized in the synthesis of

DNA

Vitamin B12 is important for the production of red blood cells because it is utilized in the synthesis of intrinsic factor.

False

Erythroblastosis fetalis can be prevented by treating

Rh-negative mothers with anti-Rh agglutinin.

A primary function of lymphocytes is to

act against foreign substances

Type AB blood contains

agglutinogen A and B

The most abundant type of plasma protein is

albumin

Nonprotein nitrogenous substances include

amino acids, urea, uric acid

Sickle-cell anemia is caused by

an abnormal form of hemoglobin.

Which of the following usually accounts for the smallest percentage of leukocytes in a blood sample?

basophils

When hemoglobin molecules are decomposed, a greenish pigment called _______ is formed

biliverdin

The condition called cyanosis is caused by an increased blood concentration of

carbon dioxide

Platelets are best defined as

cytoplasmic fragments of cells

The test in which the percentages of various types of leukocytes in a blood sample is determined is the ____________ white blood cell count

differential white blood cell test

The hormone released from the kidneys that promotes the production of red blood cells is

erythopiontien

Prothrombin time is a blood test used to evaluate

extrinsic clotting factor.

A platelet plug is formed when fibrinogen is converted to fibrin.

false

A red blood cell contains a large nucleus; it is thicker near the center and thin around the rim of the cell.

false

Persons with type AB blood are sometimes called universal donors

false

The basic event in the formation of a blood clot is the change of

fibrinogen to fibrin

The most important action of plasma albumins is

helping to maintain blood osmotic pressure

_________ is a blood clot-inhibiting substance released by basophils

heparin

__________ is the term used to describe the stoppage of bleeding by any one of several means

homeostasis

The form of anemia that is caused by a lack of dietary iron is called

hypochromic anemia.

If body cells lack LDL receptors, the plasma concentration of LDL molecules

increases and the blood cholesterol concentration increases.

Which of the following elements is included in hemoglobin molecules?

iron

Pus is composed of

leukocytes, bacteria, damaged body cells

An abnormally low white blood cell count is called

leukopenia

Which of the following is an agranulocyte?

monocyte

Normally the most common type of leukocyte in a blood sample is the

neutrofill

The most active phagocytic cells among the leukocytes are

neutrophils and monocytes

Newborns are sometimes exposed to fluorescent light as a treatment for

physiologic jaundice

Patients with leukemia have a tendency to bleed because they have a deficiency of

platelets

The condition called thrombocytopenia is due to a deficiency o

platelets

The biconcave cells in blood that lack nuclei when they are mature are the

red blood cells

In an adult, red blood cells are produced primarily in the

red bone marrow

As a platelet plug forms, platelets release the vasocontricting substance called

serotonin

Of the plasma electrolytes, the most abundant are

sodium and chloride ions

Which of the following serves as an enzyme in the blood coagulation mechanism?

thrombin

Cells that move toward chemicals released by damaged cells are said to demonstrate positive chemotaxis.

true

Heparin functions as an anticoagulant by interfering with the formation of prothrombin activator.

true

Two substances that are useful for dissolving blood clots are

urokinase and streptokinase.

The normal white blood cell count is between

5,000-10,000 per cubic millimeter of blood