chapter 12

Cassie often tells her friends that males and females should equally share parental responsibilities, but she unconsciously feels that women are better parents. Even though she's not aware of it, this causes Cassie to work harder at being a good stay-at-home mother. It seems that Cassie's behavior is being influenced by __________ about the roles that women have in the family.

implicit attitudes

Which of the following statements about relationships is LEAST accurate?

The most successful romantic couples are couples with opposite traits

Which of these scenarios explains how mere exposure has shaped Jess's attitude toward edamame?

Jess didn't initially like the tiny green beans, but they keep showing up at mealtime, and Jess no longer minds eating them.

Lynn wasn't sure which job candidate to hire, since they all had a handful of strengths and weaknesses. After choosing Dennis, however, she experienced postdecisional dissonance. In other words, what might have happened?

Lynn became glad she had chosen Dennis, who had some notable strengths. When she thought about the other candidates, their weaknesses were at the front of her mind.

Which scenario is an example of the type of attribution Sheila would make if she and John were in an unhappy marriage?

When John cooked Sheila a romantic dinner, Sheila immediately wondered whether John was making up for a bad deed.

Sharon's daughter just got engaged to her longtime boyfriend, Ted, but Sharon is not happy about this news. Ted does not have a stable job, and he is also a bit overweight, both of which lead Sharon to believe that Ted is lazy. Sharon struggles with her weight too, but she blames this on her thyroid problem. Sharon's assessment of Ted is an example of which of the following biases?

actor/observer bia

Although several people were nearby when the old man collapsed in the park, nobody immediately stepped forward to help. What term describes this failure of the observers to offer help?

bystander apathy

Marcia and Stanley have been married for many years. Each feels that their relationship is based on trust, intimacy, respect, and friendship. They both feel a strong commitment to care for and support each other. Marcia and Stanley are most likely experiencing __________ love.

companionate

When Urie is out with his friends, he smokes cigarettes because they all smoke cigarettes and regularly offer him one. Even though he does not like smoking and would prefer not to smoke, Urie wants to be like the others in his group so he'll be accepted. Urie's behavior is most likely being affected by

conformity

Patti is fairly reserved and tends to be a wallflower, but last night, while at a rock concert, she felt her inhibitions disappear, and she danced right along with the rest of the crowd. What process affected Patti?

deindividuation

Jacob needs a few extra bucks to fill his gas tank. His dad doesn't like giving him money, so although Jacob only needs about $20, he asks his dad for $50. The plan works perfectly: his dad scoffs at the request for $50, but he hands over $20 without his usual balking. Which technique has Jacob used?

door-in-the-face

Tonya knows that people seeing her billboard will be busy driving, talking, or otherwise distracted. Instead of outlining thoughtful reasons for why people should call her real estate firm, she decides to limit the billboard to a picture of a beautiful house with an attractive, happy family standing out front. In the terminology of researchers Petty and Cacioppo, which route will the information on the billboard target?

peripheral

Maya and her family moved into a new house over the summer, and she dreaded having to start at a new school, where she would have to interact with girls whom her old friends had despised. However, after a few weeks in the new school, Maya realized that both groups of girls were pretty similar. Maya's experience dispelled her

prejudice

When college students were asked which personal characteristics they found to be the most positive and most negative in a friend or romantic partner, the most positive trait was being __________ and the most negative trait was being

sincere; unkind

While standing in line at the pharmacy, Mitrell notices that a woman walks in, picks up an allergy medication, and cuts in front of everyone who is waiting to pay. She walks up to the register, drops a $10 bill on the counter, and walks out. Mitrell assumes that this woman is very rude, but he does not know that there is a child in her car who is having an allergy attack. Mitrell's judgment in this situation reflects

the fundamental attribution error.