Chapter 1+2 Behavioral Psychology

An action potential

A brief, rapid reversal of the neuron's potential from -70mV to +30 or +40mV and back indicates

Opens potassium channels

An IPSP will be produced when a neurotransmitter

Modulate neurotransmitter release

Autoreceptors would be expected to ______.

postsynaptic responses, transmitted decrementally, depolarizations, and graded potentials

EPSPs are

the sensory neurons involved fire at different rates

If somebody lightly touches you on the arm, or hits you hard in the same place, how does the brain know the difference?

sodium-potassium pump

In a resting neuron, which force pushes potassium ions into the cell?

At the axon hillock, the first step in initiating an action potential is that voltage-gated ____ ion channels must _____.

Na+; open

the absolute refractory period is typically about 1 millisecond

Neurons do not normally fire more than 1,000 times per second because

Influx of calcium ions into the axon terminal

Neurotransmitter release from the presynaptic membrane is triggered by the

sodium ion channels

Tetrodotoxin is a deadly poison because it blocks:

acetylcholinesterase

The enzyme whose function is to deactivate a specific neurotransmitter once it has been released into the synapse is

is negatively charged relative to the outside

The interior of a neuron at rest

Soma

The nucleus of the nerve cell is located within the

the type of receptor it stimulates

The type of postsynaptic potential produced by a neurotransmitter depends on

Existing genes become more or less active.

What do researchers think occurs with genes during aging?

Electricity

What force did physiologists Galvani and Helmholtz show was responsible for animation of the body?

The AP is a brief electrical signal The AP is conducted along the axon membrane The AP is conducted faster in myelinated nerve cells The AP is an all-or-none electrical event

Which of the following are true regarding the action potential (AP)?

radial glia

Which of the following is a type of glia that helps new neurons reach their final destination in the brain?

They contain specialized protein channels

Which of the statements about cell membranes is correct?

the sodium-potassium pump

Which part of the neuron works less due to myelination reducing the places where sodium can enter a neuron?

The model shows how nature and nurture interact to produce a characteristic or disorder.

Which statement below is true of the vulnerability model?

Glutamate

Which substance is the principal "excitatory" neurotransmitter in the brain?

Oligodendrocytes

_______ are the cells that provide insulation to the axons of neurons in the brain.

Sensory

________ neurons gather information from the environment related to light, odors, and bodily contact with objects.