chapter 12

Which of the following is true about the hormonal explanation for the differences in sexual behavior between men and women?

There are several problems with its logic.

Which of the following statements about most traditional Native American cultures is accurate?

They reject the gender binary.

______ refers to a strong, irrational fear of trans people.

Transphobia

They Ze

Which of the following are gender-neutral pronouns that some who fall outside the gender binary may prefer?

What are the major differences in male and female sexuality?

Women masturbate less. Men have a greater sex drive. Men view pornography more often. Women are less approving of casual sex.

A person considering gender-confirming surgery is typically required to live for at least ______ months as a member of the gender with which they identify.

12

Which of the following is the most likely to have the highest rate of orgasm during sexual activity?

A female with a female partner

Which of the following led to increased male dominance among Native American Indians?

Acculturation

Which of the following statements is accurate, according to the hormonal explanation of differences in sexual behavior?

Because women have less testosterone, they have a lower sex drive.

Stereotypes about Black men include which of the following?

Black men have great sexual prowess. Black men are dangerous. Black men are hypersexual.

Which of the following have been researched as some of the possible biological causes for transsexualism?

Differing development of the limbic system Prenatal differentiation Mutation of the androgen receptor gene

Which of the following is a major issue in health care for trans individuals?

Discrimination from health care providers

Which of the following best refers to evaluating sexual behavior differently depending on whether a male or female is engaging in it?

Double standard

Which of the following two factors make it more likely that someone's gender dysphoria will persist into adulthood?

Gender dysphoria begins after puberty. Gender dysphoria is intense.

_____ refers to a range of medical interventions intended to match one's body with one's gender identity.

Gender-confirming therapy

______ refers to a range of medical interventions intended to match one's body with one's gender identity.

Gender-confirming therapy

is an approach that considers the meaning and consequence of multiple categories of identity at the same time.

Intersectionality

Which of the following is true about attitudes toward casual sex?

Men are more approving of casual sex.

Which of the following does NOT factor in to differences in sexuality between men and women?

Orgasms are not as pleasurable for women

Which of the following measures physiological arousal in the male?

Penile strain gauge

Which of the following are considered media influences on gender roles?

Radio Magazines Television

Men tend to be more impulsive than women. Which two aspects of impulsivity are highly relevant to sexuality and, in particular, risky sexual behavior?

Risk-taking Sensation-seeking

When it comes to causal sex, girls are socialized to perceive risk in the environment and be sensitive to the possibility of harm. Boys are encouraged to ignore risk. Which of the following best describes this explanation for differences between men and women in attitudes toward casual sex?

Socialization

is the ways in which society conveys to the individual its norms or expectation for their behavior.

Socialization

Which of the following statements about Black women and their role in African American society are accurate?

Stereotyped images of Black women are numerous and contradictory. Status and honor are accorded to motherhood.

Which of the following are components of a diagnosis of gender dysphoria?

Strong desire to be treated as a gender different from one's natal gender Strong desire for the primary and secondary sex characteristics of another gender Psychological distress over a mismatch between gender identity and natal gender`

Which of the following is NOT a common stereotype of African American women?

The Go-Getter

Transsexuals who undergo gender-confirming therapies typically have:

a binary gender identity.

Among Native Americans, a two-spirit is:

a gender beyond male or female.

When it comes to porn, women are generally:

ambivalent.

The mental health of transgender children is as good as the mental health of cisgender children if they:

are supported in their identity.

Patterns of gender dysphoria can emerge:

as early as 3 to 5 years of age.

When interacting with someone who is trans, you should:

ask what pronouns they use.

Decoding is the ability to understand others':

body language

Vestiges of the double standard most remain in which of the following areas?

casual sex

Across the lifespan, male and female sexuality:

changes in its nature and focus.

African American culture of today emphasizes the:

collective

Compared to White culture, the traditional culture of many Native American tribes was more: Multiple choice question.

egalitarian.

Interventions to change prejudicial attitudes can have lasting effects if the person:

engages in active, deep processing of the message from the intervention. takes the perspective of the group that is the object of the prejudice.

In a study of adolescents' online behavior, ______ engaged in more online self-disclosure than ______ did at all ages.

girls; boys

in the United States, an important part of gender roles is: Multiple choice question.

heterosexuality.

Who is generally more aroused by erotic material?

men

Phalloplasty and ______ are two procedures that involve the creation of a penis.

metoidioplasty

A major source of depression in trans individuals is:

prejudice.

The process in which trans individuals live openly in a way that matches their gender identity, not their natal identity, is referred to as:

social transition.

A ______ is a generalization about a group of people.

stereotype

The high unemployment rate for Black men in the United States creates a gender-role problem because: Multiple choice question.

the role of breadwinner is such an important part of the male role.

The new model of psychotherapy for transgender individuals can best be described as:

trans-affirmative.

Those who identify as transsexual, transgender, cross dressing, gender nonconforming, gender fluid, genderqueer, and other gender variant people are referred to as:

trans.

True or false: All societies have gender roles.

true

Asian American cultural values share which of the following with the White American middle class?

An emphasis on academic achievement

______ is a scientific term that refers to negative attitudes and behaviors toward trans individuals.

Anti-trans prejudice

Which of the following is a common stereotype of Asian American men? Multiple choice question.

Asexual

Which of the following are ways that parents assist in their children's gender-role socialization?

By telling them what is expected of boys and girls By engaging in their own gender-stereotyped behavior By rewarding them for gender-appropriate behavior

Which of the following result from women's relative inexperience with masturbation?

Erotic dependency" on men Lack of sexual learning

Which of the following are especially significant factors in African American cultural heritage?

History of slavery Legacy of African culture Experience of racial oppression

Asian American women face a conflict between the gender roles of Asian culture and those of modern Anglo culture, especially because Anglo culture values which qualities in women?

Independence Assertiveness

Which of the following statements about Mexican American culture is accurate?

It blends Mexican heritage with Anglo components.

Why do trans people seek a gender dysphoria diagnosis despite the belief by many that the diagnosis is stigmatizing?

It is necessary for getting insurance coverage for medical treatments.

Which of the following best describes the cause of gender variation in humans?

It is unknown.

Which of the following is true of hormone therapy?

It is used to feminize or masculinize the body.

Which of the following are true of pubertal suppression treatment?

It makes medical transition easier if an adolescent decides to transition later on. It buys times for adolescents to make mature decisions about medical interventions.

Which of the following cultural factors may contribute to gender differences in sexuality?

Marital and family relationships Body image Double standard Specific scripts

Which of the following refers to the problem of the use of pronouns that indicate a gender that is different from one's identity?

Misgendering

Which of the following are true regarding the new guidelines by the American Psychological Association regarding psychotherapy with transgender individuals?

Psychologists should understand that transgender individuals have better outcomes if they receive social support and affirmative care. Psychologists should understand the effects of prejudice, discrimination, and violence on transgender individuals. Psychologists should understand transgender development across the lifespan.

Which of the following are problems with the hormonal explanation that testosterone leads to a bigger sex drive in males?

There must be caution in making inferences from animal studies to human males and females. It may be that cells in women's brain or genitals are more sensitive to comparable cells in men. Testosterone levels are not fixed in a given a person and respond to environment and experience.

Short of medical transition, which of the following services should be available for trans individuals?

Voice and communication therapy Electrolysis Supportive therapy

A belief that women are emotional and men are unemotional is an example of:

a gender stereotype

In a study of female awareness of physiological arousal, women were found to be:

accurate in realizing their physical arousal if they were told to focus their attention on it.

A person whose natal gender and gender identity match is referred to as:

cisgender.

An intersectional approach considers the:

consequences of membership in multiple groups.

Studies of adolescent transgender children have shown that response patterns of transgender children tend to be:

consistent with their gender identity.

Gender roles are a(n) ______ force that contribute to gender differences in sexuality.

cultural

Interventions to change prejudicial attitudes can have lasting effects if the person

engages in active, deep processing of the message from the intervention. takes the perspective of the group that is the object of the prejudice.

The gender difference in masturbation as seen in the Kinsey study is ______ in more recent studies.

evident

True or false: Gender-role socialization is complete by the end of adolescence. True false question.

false

True or false: Men and women are about equally consistent in having orgasms during sex.

false

True or false: One problem with all techniques to reduce prejudice and discrimination is that they only change attitudes until the end of the experimental session.

false

True or false: The incidence of masturbation between men and women is roughly the same.

false

A culture's association of behaviors, rights, and responsibilities with male or female is described as a(n) roles.

gender

The DSM-5 refers to the psychological distress that a person experiences because of a mismatch between their gender identity and their natal gender as:

gender dysphoria.

In a study of adolescents' online behavior, ______ engaged in more online self-disclosure than ______ did at all ages

girls boys

A diagnostic term different from the gender dysphoria diagnosis, used by the World Health Organization, is gender:

incongruence.

Women would be more in tune with their physiological arousal if they:

learned to focus on their body.

Gender roles in Latin American culture are best epitomized in the concepts of:

machismo and marianismo.

Traditional gender roles favored:

male avoidance of self-disclosure.

When it comes to arousal from erotic material,:

men are more aroused, but the gender difference is not large.

According to evolutionary theorists, research demonstrating that men are more likely than women to agree to a casual sexual encounter demonstrates evidence of:

men's selection to have sex with many partners and women's selection to be choosy.

Many women feel that intercourse is ethical and acceptable:

only in the context of a committed relationship.

As a result of the gender binary,:

people experience consternation when they are uncertain of someone's gender.

The photoplethysmograph measures:

physiological sexual arousal in the female.

The bogus ________ method was used in a study by Alexander and Fisher to investigate the possibility of shaped gender norms.

pipeline

The research on gender differences in sexuality focuses on college students and is:

problematic because what is true for college-age samples is not always true across the lifespan.

The bogus pipeline method demonstrated the difficulty of studying gender differences based on:

self-reports.

Gender identity and sexual orientation are:

separate issues

Those who are androphilic are:

sexually attracted to men.

Late-onset trans adults are more likely to be:

sexually attracted to same-gender partners relative to their gender identity.

In traditional Latin American culture, gender roles are:

sharply defined.

Hormone research shows that the hormone ______ is related to sexual behavior, and the evidence comes from the castration of male animals.

testosterone

Asian American culture places a strong emphasis on:

the family.

The central focus of Hispanic life is:

the family.

The idea that gender only has two categories—male and female—is referred to as:

the gender binary.

Which of the following is/are NOT a socializing agent that influences gender socialization?

the self

Sexual attraction in trans individuals is at least partly dependent on:

the time of onset.

The anatomical explanation for gender differences in sexuality is based in large part on:

the visibility of the sexual organs.

According to the anatomical explanation, women are less likely to develop their full sexual potential because

their arousal response is less obvious, so they are less likely to masturbate.

According to the anatomical explanation, women are less likely to develop their full sexual potential because:

their arousal response is less obvious, so they are less likely to masturbate.

As compared to women, men:

think about sex more often. have more frequent and varied sex fantasies. have a stronger sex drive.

The term ______ is broad, encompassing people whose gender identity does not match their gender assigned at birth based on the appearance of the genitals.

transgender

The term ______ is typically reserved for those who choose to undergo medical treatments, such as surgery and hormone therapy, so that the gender of their body is consistent with their gender identity.

transsexual

True or false: Gender dysphoria in childhood does not always persist into adulthood.

true

True or false: In general, there seems to be less of a double standard than there was in the past.

true

True or false: Some trans individuals socially transition and do not seek any medical interventions.

true

True or false: When it comes to "having sex on the brain," the differences from one man to the next are far greater than the average difference between women and men.

true

are the gender that is better at decoding nonverbal cues and understanding others' emotions.

women

masturbate less and have more disapproving attitudes towards casual sex.

women