Chapter 13 Brain & Cranial Nerves

Match the component of the limbic system with its function 1. involved in emotion especially fear 2. Function is associated with the hippocampus 3. essential for the formation of log-term memory 4. focuses on emotionally significant events hippocampus parahippocampal gyrus cingulate gyrus amygdaloid body

1. amygdaloid body 2. parahippocampal gyrus 3. hippocampus 4. cingulate gyrus

Match the component of the midbrain with its function. Motor axons from primary motor cortex to spinal cord

Cerebral peduncles

Processes visual information at a subconsious level

Claustrum

Check all that are true about cognition. Cognition involves awareness, knowledge, and memory. When you solve a crossword puzzle, you are utilizing cognition. The cerebellum is responsible for most of the processes involving cognition. The association areas of the cerebrum are responsible for most of the processes involving cognition.

Cognition involves awareness, knowledge, and memory. When you solve a crossword puzzle, you are utilizing cognition. The association areas of the cerebrum are responsible for most of the processes involving cognition.

which type of tract is being referred to. communication between hemispheres corpus callosum anterior commisure

Commissural tract

Name cranial nerves 1-6

Cranial nerve I Olfactory Cranial nerve II Optic Cranial nerve III Oculomotor Cranial nerve IV Trochlear Cranial nerve V Trigeminal Cranial nerve VI Abducens

Cranial nerve XI Cranial nerve VII Cranial nerve IX Cranial nerve XII Cranial nerve VIII Cranial nerve X

Cranial nerve XI - Accessory Cranial nerve VII - Facial Cranial nerve IX - glossopharyngeal Cranial nerve XII - hypoglossal Cranial nerve VIII - vestibulocochlear Cranial nerve X - vagus

Match the component of the midbrain with its function. Site of neurons that produce dopamine

Substantia nigra

Match the component of the midbrain with its function. Houses the superior colliculi

Tectum

Involved in emotion, behavioral activity, and mood

amygdaloid body

CSF then flows down the cerebral _____________ to the fourth ventricle.

aqueduct

Electroencephalogram are used to investigate brain lesions seizures functional maps of each cortical region autism

brain lesions seizures autism

What forms the thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus?

diencephalon

At arachnoid villi, CSF is reabsorbed into venous blood of ________ venous sinuses.

dural

The neural folds ______ and approach one another as the neural groove continues to _______. The neural crest cells are now at the very highest point of the neural groove.

elevate deepen

Which cranial nerve innervates the facial muscles

facial nerve

Select all that are cranial dural septa Falx cerebri Falx cerebelli Diaphragma sellae Tentorium cerebri

falx cerebelli

Thalamus or hypothalamus? Regulates body temperature

hypothalamus

Thalamus or hypothalamus? Regulates circadian rhythms

hypothalamus

CSF is secreted by the chroid plexus and flows into each _________ ventricle.

lateral

Which hemisphere of the brain controls motor control of right hand, vision from the right visual field, speech and language comprehension, and verbal memory

left hemisphere

CSF then flows out two lateral apertures or one ____________ aperture.

median

Which cranial nerve is vision

optic nerve

Select all that are motor areas in the cerebrum.

primary motor cortex motor speech area frontal eye field

Controls muscular movement at the subconscious level

putamen

Which of the following are functional centers associated with the medulla oblongata? respiratory center vasomotor cardiac center visual center

respiratory center vasomotor cardiac center

The left hemisphere is responsible for what functions?

speech mathematical comprehension right visual field verbal memory

CSF fills ______________ space and bathes external surfaces of brain and spinal cord.

subarachnoid

What connects the cerebellum to the midbrain? middle cerebellar peduncles inferior cerebellar peduncles superior cerebellar peduncles

superior cerebellar peduncles

What forms the cerebrum?

telencephalon

Which part of the cerebral cortex is the auditory association area?

temporal lobe

Olfaction and hearing are processed in the _____________.

temporal lobes

The neural crest cells begin to pinch off from the neural folds and form other structures. By the end of the ______ week, the neural folds have met and fused at the midline as the neural groove starts to form a _________, which has an internal space called the __________.

third neural tube neural canal

Which cranial nerve innervates muscles of mastication

trigeminal nerve

Match the region of the cerebellum with its component 1. outer gray matter 2. internal region 3. deepest layer cerebellar nuclei cortex white matter

1. cortex 2. white matter 3. cerebellar nuclei

Thalamus or hypothalamus? Arousal from sleep

thalamus

Which cranial nerve innervates visceral smooth muscle and cardiac muscle

vagus nerve

Which cranial neve conducts impulses for equilibrium and hearing

vestibulocochlear nerve

Which of the following are prevented from entering the interstitial fluid of the brain, due to the blood-brain barrier?

waste products in the blood and some hormones

In which ways do cerebral nuclei interact with motor pathways? Select all that apply. They receive impulses from the entire cerebral cortex. They receive input from the hypothalamus. They receive input from the limbic system. They receive input from the corticospinal tract.They receive input from the sensory areas.

- They receive impulses from the entire cerebral cortex. - They receive input from the limbic system. - They receive input from the sensory areas.

Check all that are functions of the cerebellum. -Receives sensory plans for movements -Acts as the "principal" of unconscious physical actions by regulating functions of motor pathways -Directly controls the influences of hormones and enzymes on skeletal muscles -Indirectly affects the excitability of motor neurons

-Receives sensory plans for movements -Acts as the "principal" of unconscious physical actions by regulating functions of motor pathways -Indirectly affects the excitability of motor neurons

What is the order of the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid? (CSF)

1. CSF is produced by the choroid plexus in the ventricles. 2. CSF flows from the third ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct into the fourth ventricle. 3. CSF flows through the paired lateral apertures or the single medial aperture and into the central canal of the spinal cord. 4. CSF flows through the subarachnoid space and removes waste products. 5. CSF flows into the arachnoid villi and drains into the dural venous sinuses.

Match the lobe of the cerebrum with its function. 1.Involved in hearing and smell 2.General sensory functions, such as touch and taste 3.Processes visual input and helps store visual memories 4. Voluntary motor functions, verbal communication, and personality parietal lobe occipital lobe frontal lobe temporal lobe

1. temporal lobe 2. parietal lobe 3. occipital lobe 4. frontal lobe

Select all that are true regarding the RAS1. It is a motor component of the reticular formation 2. It helps initiate voluntary muscle contraction 3. It processes visual, auditory, and touch stimuli 4. It keeps the cerebral cortex in an alert, awake state

3. It processes visual, auditory, and touch stimuli 4. It keeps the cerebral cortex in an alert, awake state

which type of tract is being referred to. communication between adjacent gyri communication within the hemispheres

Association tract

Stimulates muscles to produce the pattern and rhythm of walking

Caudate nucleus

Check all that are a function of the hypothalamus. Control of autonomic nervous system Control of the endocrine system Visceral response to odors Control of emotional behavior Control of food and water intake Regulation of sleep-wake rhythms Control of conscious skeletal muscle movements

Control of autonomic nervous system Control of the endocrine system Control of emotional behavior Control of food and water intake Regulation of sleep-wake rhythms

Check all of the brain structures that are composed of white matter corpus callosum cerebral cortex cerebral nuclei septum pellucidum internal capsule

Corpus callosum Septum pellucidum Internal capsule

Select all that occur during sleep. Energy is conserved Energy is conserved Increased growth of body tissues Increased growth of body tissues Atrophy of muscle tissue Atrophy of muscle tissue Correct Increased repair of body tissues

Energy is conserved Energy is conserved Increased growth of body tissues Increased growth of body tissues Atrophy of muscle tissue Atrophy of muscle tissue Correct Increased repair of body tissues

Check all that tend to be functions of the left hemisphere. Feeling shapes with the right hand Feeling shapes with the left hand Verbal memory Memory for shapes Right visual field Left visual field

Feeling shapes with the right hand Verbal memory Right visual field

Select all that are true regarding the reticular formation. It is primarily found in the brainstem. It is loosely organized.It contains motor and sensory components. It is important in maintaining consciousness.

It is primarily found in the brainstem. It is loosely organized. It contains motor and sensory components. It is important in maintaining consciousness.

Select all that are located in the pons Pontine respiratory center Superior olivary complex Nucleus for the facial nerve Superior cerebellar peduncles

Pontine respiratory center Superior olivary complex Nucleus for the facial nerve

which type of tract is being referred to. communication between lower and higher brain regions corticospinal tracts

Projection tract

Check all items that are a function of cerebrospinal fluid. Production of cranial glial cells Provides buoyancy to the brain Protects the brain from sudden movements Controls the chemical environment surrounding the brain

Provides buoyancy to the brain Protects the brain from sudden movements Controls the chemical environment surrounding the brain

Match the component of the midbrain with its function Involuntary motor commands to the erector spinae

Tegmentum

Check all of the statements that apply to the subdural space. The subdural space is between the arachnoid mater and the dura mater. The subdural space is filled with fluid in healthy individuals The subdural space is filled with fluid in healthy individuals. The subdural space fills with fluid in the case of injury. The subdural space is a thin space that separates the two lateral ventricles of the cerebrum. The subdural space is a potential space.

The subdural space is between the arachnoid mater and the dura mater. The subdural space fills with fluid in the case of injury. The subdural space is a potential space.

The ___________ provides critical function in motivation, logical reasoning, expression of emotion, and social attitudes.

frontal lobe

Which part of the cerebral cortex is the voluntary skeletal muscle control, verbal communication

frontal lobe

Excites and inhibits the thalamus to adjust muscle tone

globus pallidus

Which cranial nerve Innervates pharynx & secretion of parotid salivary gland

glossopharyngeal

Which cranial nerve innervates intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles

hypoglossal nerve

Thalamus or hypothalamus? Regulates hunger and thirst

hypothalamus

Thalamus or hypothalamus? Regulates the autonomic nervous system

hypothalamus

What connects the cerebellum to the medulla oblongata middle cerebellar peduncles inferior cerebellar peduncles superior cerebellar peduncles

inferior cerebellar peduncles

The deepest of the cerebral lobes, the __________, is also the smallest and least understood.

insula

Which part of the cerebral cortex is the primary gustatory cortex?

insular lobe

In what way does the cerebellum coordinate and "fine tune" skeletal muscle movements? It consciously coordinates minute muscle movements. It stores memories of previously learned movement patterns. It regulates activity along the voluntary and involuntary motor pathways. It initiates voluntary skeletal muscle movement.

it consciously coordinates minute muscle movements it stores memories of previously learned patterns it regulates activity along the voluntary motor pathways

The right hemisphere is responsible for what functions?

memory for shapes spatial concepts left visual field musical ability

What does not form a new secondary vesicle?

mesencephalon

What forms the pons and cerebellum?

metencephalon

What connects the pons to the cerebellum? middle cerebellar peduncles inferior cerebellar peduncles superior cerebellar peduncles

middle cerebellar peduncles

The frontal lobes also include the primary ________________, which control voluntary motor functions

motor cortex

What forms the medulla oblongata?

myencephalon

The neural plate develops a central longitudinal indentation called the __________. As this is occurring, cells along the lateral margins of the neural plate proliferate, becoming the thickened ___________. The tips of the neural folds form ____________.

neural groove neural folds neural crest cells

Which part of the cerebral cortex is the primary visual cortex?

occipital lobe

The ____________ house the visual centers, and receive inputs from the optic radiation.

occipital lobes

Which part of the cerebral cortex is the somatosensory cortex, somatosensory association area?

parietal lobe

The ______________ exhibit receipt and association of general body sensations.

parietal lobes

What are the cranial meninges in order from deep (closest to the brain) to superficial (farthest from the brain)?

pia mater arachnoid mater dura mater

Which hemisphere of the brain controls sensation of the left hand, memory of shapes, and contralateral sensation of the left side of the body

right hemisphere

What all are true regarding cerebral lateralization? Speech centers are usually in the left hemisphere. It is highly correlated with handedness. Due to their specialized nature, the right and left hemispheres rarely communicate. The categorical hemisphere is involved with musical and artistic skill.

speech centers are usually in the left hemisphere it is highly correlated with handedness

Thalamus or hypothalamus? Relay center for sensory input

thalamus