Chapter 13: Brain and Cranial Nerves

The cranial nerve that is a primarily motor nerve with two branches: the spinal branch and the cranial branch is the______ nerve. facial accessory trigeminal vagus

accessory

The nerves innervating the teeth are referred to as________nerves.

alveolar

The layer of the meninges called_______the mater is thin and lacks blood vessels; it does not extend into the sulci of the brain.

arachnoid

The notochord eventually becomes the ______. central regions of intervertebral discs meninges the posterior part of the spinal cord bodies of vertebrae

central regions of intervertebral discs

The fluid found in ventricles of the brain is called________fluid.

cerebrospinal

The fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord and provides a protective cushion around the CNS is________fluid.

cerebrospinal

The choroid plexus produces______. serous fluid cerebrospinal fluid blood lymph

cerebrospinal fluid

Ventricles of the brain contain______. nerves lymph venous blood cerebrospinal fluid

cerebrospinal fluid

The part of the brain that controls conscious perception, thought and motor activity is the________.

cerebrum

The______ nerves are designated by Roman numerals and by names that indicate their primary functions and/or the general distribution of the their fibers. spinal cranial

cranial

The cranial nerve that controls muscles of facial expression, secretion of salivary glands, secretion of lacrimal glands and transmits taste sensation is the_________nerve.

facial

The cranial nerve that supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid salivary gland is the ______. glossopharyngeal vagus facial trigeminal

glossopharyngeal

The cranial nerve that supplies parasympathetic innervation to the parotid salivary gland is the______. facial glossopharyngeal vagus trigeminal

glossopharyngeal

The cranial nerve numbered XII is the______nerve.

hypoglossal

The interventricular foramina connect the______.(not the first two) lateral ventricles to the fourth ventricle fourth ventricle to the central canal lateral ventricles to the third ventricle third ventricle to the fourth ventricle

lateral ventricles to the third ventricle

The three branches of the trigeminal nerve are the ophthalmic, maxillary, and_________.

mandibular

The cranial nerve that transmits visual information is the________nerve.

optic

The vertebral arteries ascend along the______ neck. anterior posterior

posterior

The______ nerve is important in dentistry because it supplies sensation to both the upper and lower jaws by way of the superior and inferior alveolar nerves. abducens (VI) hypoglossal (XII) facial (VII) trigeminal (V)

trigeminal (V)

The three purely sensory cranial nerves are the olfactory, optic and_______nerves.

vestibulocochlear

The subthalamus contains ______. ascending and descending tracts descending tracts only ascending tracts only

Ascending and descending tracts

The cephalic portion of the neural tube becomes the______. brain spinal cord ganglia

Brain

The cephalic portion of the neural tube becomes the______. spinal cord ganglia brain

Brain

The internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries supply blood to the______. meninges spinal cord brain

Brain

The area of the brain called the diencephalon is between the ______ and the cerebrum. cerebellum brainstem corpus callosum

Brainstem

The stalk-like lower portion of the brain upon which the cerebrum is perched is the______. cerebral cortex spinal cord cerebellum brainstem

Brainstem

Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted by a structure called the_______ _____.

Choroid Plexus

Identify the motor function that the trochlear (IV) nerve controls. Regulates the size of the pupil Aids in mastication Controls the movement of the eyeball Raises the superior eyelid

Controls the movement of the eyeball

Nerves designated by Roman numerals and by names that indicate their primary functions and/or the general distribution of the their fibers are________nerves.

Cranial Nerves

Drainage channels that form where the layers of the dura mater are separated from each other are called_______ _______sinuses.

Dural Venous

What are the effectors for the motor fibers of the abducens nerve? Muscles of the throat Muscles of the tongue Extrinsic muscles of the eye

Extrinsic muscles of the eye

True or false: The facial nerve is responsible for providing sensation to the teeth and jaws. True False

False

True or false: The olfactory bulb is located within the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone. True False

False

Identify the cranial nerve that is a mixed nerve that primarily carries motor impulses to muscles of the pharynx and salivary glands? Glossopharyngeal (IX) Trigeminal (V) Hypoglossal (XII) Facial (VII)

Glossopharyngeal (IX)

The cranial nerve that carries smell information is ______. IV I III II

I

The olfactory nerve is cranial nerve ______. III IV II I

I

Visual information is carried in cranial nerve______. IV III II I

II

what number is associated with the optic cranial nerve? I II IV III

II

What structure allows the lateral ventricles to communicate with the third ventricle? Interventricular foramina Cerebral aqueduct

Interventricular foramina

What type of ventricles are located within the cerebral hemispheres? Lateral Third Fourth

Lateral

Which is/are the effectors of the motor fibers of the hypoglossal nerve? Muscles of the pharynx Muscles that move the tongue Extrinsic eye muscles

Muscles that move the tongue

The cranial nerve that controls many of the muscles that move the eyeball, constricts the pupils and promotes lens accommodation is the______ nerve. oculomotor optic abducens trochlear

Oculomotor

Identify the cranial nerves that control the muscles that move the eyeball.(multiple choice, 3) Oculomotor Abducens Vagus Trochlear Optic Trigeminal

Oculomotor Abducens Trochlear

The cranial nerve that transmits information regarding the sense of smell is the_______nerve.

Olfactory

Which cranial nerve contains only sensory nerve fibers and transmits impulses associated with the sense of smell? Olfactory nerve Vestibulocochlear nerve Optic nerve Oculomotor nerve

Olfactory nerve

The glossopharyngeal (IX) nerve carries impulses to/from the following regions.(multple choice, Pharynx Tonsils Salivary glands Tear glands Medial rectus muscle Carotid arteries

Pharynx Tonsils Salivary glands Carotid arteries

The vertebral arteries ascend along the ______ neck. Anterior Posterior

Posterior

Identify the function of the oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerves. Supplies innervation to muscles of mastication Transmits visual information from the eye Promotes movement of the muscles of the eyeball

Promotes movement of the muscles of the eyeball

What are the functions of cerebrospinal fluid?(multiple choice, Provides nutrients to CNS tissues Divides the brain into right and left hemispheres Transmits nerve impulses to the brainstem Protects the brain against the shock of rapid head movements

Provides nutrients to CNS tissues Protects the brain against the shock of rapid head movements

What type of nerve function does the vestibulocochlear nerve perform? Parasympathetic Sensory Motor

Sensory

What is the thin membrane separating the lateral ventricles? Tentorium cerebelli Septum pellucidum Corpus callosum

Septum Pellucidum

The trochlear nerve innervates which eye muscle? Medial rectus Superior oblique Inferior oblique Lateral rectus

Superior oblique

The superior and inferior colliculus form the major parts of the______. tectum tegmentum pons

Tectum

The anterior and inferior portion of which cerebral lobe are associated with abstract thought and judgement? Parietal Temporal Insula Frontal

Temporal

The lateral fissure separates the______ lobe from the rest of the cerebrum.

Temporal

The lobe of the cerebrum that evaluate hearing is the ______ lobe. parietal frontal occipital temporal

Temporal

The lobe of the cerebrum that evaluate hearing is the ______ lobe. parietal temporal frontal occipital

Temporal

The dura mater extends between the cerebrum and cerebellum forming the_______cerebelli.

Tentorium Cerebelli

All sensory neurons except olfactory neurons form their first cerebral synapses in the ______. thalamus subthalamus hypothalamus

Thalamus

The major sensory relay center of the brain is the__________.

Thalamus

What is the largest portion of the diencephalon and consists of two clusters of nuclei connected in the midline by an intermediate mass? Hypothalamus Thalamus Fornix Mammillary body

Thalamus

Which part of the brain controls perception and stores memories? Cerebellum Brainstem Cerebrum Diencephalon

Cerebrum

Which part of the brain controls perception and stores memories? Diencephalon Cerebrum Cerebellum Brainstem

Cerebrum

The tectum is the dorsal surface of the midbrain consisting of two superior and two inferior_________that are commonly referred to as the corpora quadrigemina.

Colliculi

The oculomotor nerve causes pupil______. dilation constriction

Constriction

The arachnoid mater is just deep to the______. pia mater dura mater

Dura Mater

Which layer of the meninges is formed of dense connective tissue, is highly vascular, and forms the internal periosteum of the cranial cavity? Pia mater Dura mater Arachnoid mater

Dura Mater

The ______ lobe is separated from the rest of the cerebrum by the lateral fissure. parietal frontal occipital temporal

Temporal

The diencephalon is between the brainstem and______. cerebellum spinal cord cerebrum

cerebrum

The neural plate is derived from the __________

ectoderm

The pineal gland is part of the_____.

epithalamus

The vestibular branch of cranial nerve VIII carries sensory impulses for the sense of_______and the cochlear branch carries sensory impulses for the sense of_________.

equilibrium, hearing

The cranial nerve that controls muscles of facial expression, secretion of salivary glands, secretion of lacrimal glands and transmits taste sensation is the______nerve.

facial

What type of nerve function does the vestibulocochlear nerve perform? Parasympathetic Motor Sensory

sensory

The olfactory nerve is______. motor only sensory and motor sensory only

sensory only

The optic nerve is______. motor only sensory only sensory and motor

sensory only

Where does the vagus (X) nerve carries impulses to/from? Select all that apply. (multiple choice, Olfactory cells Viscera of the abdomen Viscera of the thorax Muscles associated with the eyes Muscles associated with swallowing Muscles associated with speech

-Viscera of the abdomen -Viscera of the thorax -Muscles associated with swallowing -Muscles associated with speech

Indicate the correct order of meninges from superficial at the top to deep at the bottom. Arachnoid mater Pia Mater Dura Mater

1. Dura Mater 2. Arachnoid Mater 3. Pia Mater

How many divisions does the trigeminal nerve have? 2 1 5 4 3

3

The number of meningeal layer(s) that cover(s) the brain and spinal cord is_______.

3

The tectum of the midbrain consists of ______ nuclei. 2 5 4 3

4

Identify functions of the facial nerve.(multiple choice, Transmits taste sensation Controls salivary glands Controls the lacrimal gland Transmits cutaneous skin sensation from the majority of the facial region Controls muscles of facial expression Transmits information regarding the sense of smell

Transmits taste sensation Controls salivary glands Controls the lacrimal gland Controls muscles of facial expression

Identify the function of the optic nerve. Controls the muscles that move the eyeball Transmits auditory information Transmits visual information Transmits cutaneous sensory information from the region around the eye

Transmits visual information

The superior and inferior alveolar nerves arise from which cranial nerve and supply sensation to the upper and lower jaws and teeth? Hypoglossal Trigeminal Facial Abducens

Trigeminal

Which nerve branches into the ophthalmic division, maxillary division and mandibular division? Abducens Trochlear Trigeminal

Trigeminal

Identify the cranial nerve that innervates the superior oblique muscle for eye movement. Abducens (VI) Trochlear (IV) Optic (II) Oculomotor (III)

Trochlear (IV)

Identify the cranial nerve that innervates the superior oblique muscle for eye movement. Trochlear (IV) Oculomotor (III) Optic (II) Abducens (VI)

Trochlear (IV)

What areas are served by the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve? Tear glands, surface of the eyes, and skin of forehead, scalp, and upper eyelid Scalp (behind ears), skin of jaw, lower teeth, lower gum, lower lip Upper teeth, upper gum, upper lip, mucous membrane of palate, and facial skin

Upper teeth, upper gum, upper lip, mucous membrane of palate, and facial skin

Identify the cranial nerve that is a mixed nerve that carries somatic motor impulses to muscles associated with speech and swallowing, and autonomic fibers transmit impulses to viscera of the thorax and abdomen? Trigeminal (V) Glossopharyngeal (IX) Accessory (XI) Vagus (X) Trochlear (IV)

Vagus (X)

Dural sinuses contain______. lymph venous blood cerebrospinal fluid nerves

Venous Blood

Which cranial nerve carries information for hearing and balance? Trigeminal Vagus Facial Vestibulocochlear

Vestibulocochlear

The vagus nerve is cranial nerve_____. III V X VII

X

Cranial nerve number VI is a somatic motor nerve called the_______nerve.

Abducens

What are the functions of the temporal lobe? Select all that apply.3 Receives and integrates auditory input Receives and integrates visual input Receives and integrates input for smell Plays a role in memory and abstract thought Controls voluntary motor functions

-Receives and integrates auditory input -Receives and integrates input for smell -Plays a role in memory and abstract thought

What are the functions of the midbrain? Select all that apply. (multiple choice, 3) -Regulates autonomic reflexes for heart rate, respiration and blood vessel diameter -Aids in unconscious regulation and coordination of motor activities -Reflex movements of the head, eyes and body towards visual, auditory or tactile stimuli. -Controls thirst an hunger drives, as well as body temperature -Involved in maintaining muscle tone and coordinating movements

Aids in unconscious regulation and coordination of motor activities Reflex movements of the head, eyes and body towards visual, auditory or tactile stimuli. Involved in maintaining muscle tone and coordinating movements

A group of functionally related nuclei beneath the cortex are called________nuclei.

Basal Nuclei

The stalk-like lower portion of the brain upon which the cerebrum is perched is the______. spinal cord brainstem cerebral cortex cerebellum

Brainstem

Which part of the brain extends from the brain to the spinal cord? Cerebrum Brainstem Cerebellum Diencephalon

Brainstem

The sulcus that separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe is the_______sulcus. The_______gyrus is the location of the primary motor cortex and the______gyrus is the location of the somatosensory cortex.

Central Precentral Postcentral

The part of the brain that is important in maintaining posture and equilibrium and is attached to the brainstem posterior to the pons is the________.

Cerebellum

The four divisions of the brain are brainstem,_________, diencephalon, and_________.

Cerebellum, Cerebrum

The longitudinal fissure separates______. the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe the cerebellum from the cerebrum cerebral hemispheres the occipital lobe from the parietal lobe

Cerebral Hemispheres

The largest portion of the brain is the_________.

Cerebrum

What is the largest portion of the brain and is approximately 1200g in females and 1400g in males? Diencephalon Brainstem Cerebellum Cerebrum

Cerebrum

What are the basic functions of the cerebrum?(multiple choice, Controls autonomic reflexes Controls circadian rhythms Controls conscious motor activity Controls conscious perception Controls thought

Controls conscious motor activity Controls conscious perception Controls thought

What area of the brain is between the brainstem and cerebrum? Cerebellum Midbrain Diencephalon Pons

Diencephalon

The neural plate is on the______ side of the developing embryo. dorsal ventral

Dorsal

The neural plate is on the______ side of the developing embryo. ventral dorsal

Dorsal

The habenula and pineal gland are part of the______. epithalamus thalamus hypothalamus

Epithalamus

Identify the structures that form the diencephalon.(multiple choice, 4) Epithalamus Hypothalamus Thalamus Pons Subthalamus Medulla oblongata

Epithalamus Hypothalamus Thalamus Subthalamus

What are the functions of the frontal lobe?(multiple choice,4) Control of heart rate Evaluation of hearing Evaluation of smell Voluntary motor function Mood Evaluation of vision Decision making

Evaluation of smell Voluntary motor function Mood Decision making

True or False: The 4 basic divisions of the brain are the brainstem, cerebrum, cerebellum, and the medulla oblongata. True False

False

True or False: The portion of the diencephalon, immediately inferior to the thalamus which contains ascending and descending tracts and the subthalamic nuclei is the hypothalamus. True False

False

Which structures are the dural partitions of the cranial cavity? Select all that apply. 4 Falx cerebelli Lesser wing Tentorium cerebelli Central sulcus Falx cerebri

Falx cerebelli Tentorium cerebelli Falx cerebri

The prosencephalon is another term for_____. forebrain hindbrain midbrain

Forebrain

What part of the embryonic brain becomes the cerebrum and diencephalon? Midbrain Hindbrain Forebrain

Forebrain

The lobe of the cerebrum responsible for voluntary motor function, motivation, aggression, sense of smell and decision making is the_______lobe.

Frontal Lobe

What are the ridges or convolutions seen on the surface of the cerebrum? Sulci Fissures Lobes Gyri

Gyri

The myelencephalon is also called the ______. midbrain forebrain hindbrain

Hindbrain

What part of the embryonic brain gives rise to the medulla oblongata? Midbrain Hindbrain Forebrain

Hindbrain

What structure of the brain regulates the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland? Thalamus Pons Cerebellum Hypothalamus Medulla oblongata

Hypothalamus

Which of the following is the function of the brainstem? -The brainstem regulates higher brain functions such as memory, speech, and many motor skills. -Large areas of this part of the brain can be damaged without major consequences. -It is a critical center for essential survival reflexes, and even small areas of destruction can be fatal. -It consists primarily of the midbrain region, and its major responsibility is to control eye movement.

It is a critical center for essential survival reflexes, and even small areas of destruction can be fatal.

The group of structures in the brain involved with emotions and memory is the ______. limbic system reticular formation basal nuclei

Limbic System

The component of the brainstem that contains reflex centers for heart rate, breathing, swallowing, and vomiting is the_________ ______.

Medulla Oblongata

The______ arises from the posterior part of the hindbrain of the embryonic brain. cerebellum thalamus cerebrum medulla oblongata

Medulla Oblongata

The______ arises from the posterior part of the hindbrain of the embryonic brain. cerebrum thalamus cerebellum medulla oblongata

Medulla Oblongata

Which component of the brainstem contains reflex centers for heart rate, breathing, swallowing and vomiting? Diencephalon Midbrain Pons Medulla oblongata

Medulla oblongata

Identify another term describing the midbrain. Diencephalon Mesencephalon Metencephalon

Mesencephalon

Cranial nerves III, IV and V are functionally associated with the______. pons midbrain medulla oblongata

Midbrain

The component of the brainstem that serves as a visual reflex center and is part of the auditory pathway is the_______.

Midbrain

The visual reflex center is located in the______. diencephalon cerebellum midbrain hypothalamus

Midbrain

Which component of the brainstem serves as a visual reflex center and is part of the auditory pathway? Corpus callosum Pons Medulla oblongata Midbrain

Midbrain

Which component of the brainstem serves as a visual reflex center and is part of the auditory pathway? Midbrain Medulla oblongata Pons Corpus callosum

Midbrain

Which is not a component of the diencephalon? Thalamus Midbrain Hypothalamus

Midbrain

Where in the brain are basal nuclei located? Select all that apply.3 Midbrain Cerebellum Diencephalon Cerebrum Medulla oblongata

Midbrain Diencephalon Cerebrum

What embryonic structure gives rise to the structures of the central nervous system? Brainstem Notochord Neural tube

Neural tube

The rod-like structure just ventral to the neural plate of the developing embryo is called the________.

Notochord

Which of the following structures is a rod-shaped structures that defines the axis of the embryo in the development of the CNS? Cerebrum Neural plate Brainstem Notochord

Notochord

Receiving and integrating visual information is primarily the function of the______ lobe. temporal occipital parietal frontal

Occipital

What are the names of the cerebral lobes?(multiple choice,4) Occipital Zygomatic Temporal Parietal Frontal Sphenoid

Occipital Temporal Parietal Frontal

The lobe of the cerebrum that contains the visual centers is the_______lobe.

Occipital Lobe

Fill in the blank question. The lobe of the cerebrum that receives and evaluates general senses (touch, pain, etc.) is the_______lobe.

Parietal

The superior, middle, and inferior cerebellar__________connect the cerebellum to the brainstem, allowing communication between the cerebellum and other parts of the CNS.

Peduncles

Identify the structures that are part of the epithalamus. (multipl choice, Pineal gland Thalamus Pituitary gland Mammillary bodies Habenula

Pineal gland Habenula

The area of brainstem, just superior to the medulla oblongata, that forms a prominent bulge on the anterior aspect of the brainstem is the________.

Pons

What is the area of brainstem called that forms a prominent bulge on the anterior aspect of the brainstem? Pons Cerebellum Midbrain Medulla oblongata

Pons

Identify the function of the parietal lobe of the cerebrum. Receives and evaluates general senses (touch, pain,etc.) Receives and evaluates input for hearing and smell Receives and evaluates input for vision Important in voluntary motor function, motivation and aggression

Receives and evaluates general senses (touch, pain,etc.)

A group of loosely packed nuclei within the entire length of the brainstem that is involved in cyclic activities such as sleep-wake cycles is the_______formation.

Reticular Formation

Choose the part of the brainstem that is a network of nerve fibers and associated islands of gray matter which acts to filter incoming signals and to arouse the cerebral cortex. Tectum Reticular formation Cerebral peduncles

Reticular Formation

The thalamus is a major ______ relay center of the brain. sensory motor

Sensory

The grooves between the raised areas on the surface of the cerebrum are called ______. commissures gyrus gyri sulci

Sulci

True or false: The brainstem is responsible for many essential functions, including many reflexes essential for survival. True False

True

True or false: The midbrain is an important relay station between the higher brain and the spinal cord. True False

True

True or false: The thalamus constitutes the largest portion of the diencephalon True False

True

The epidural space is located between what two structures? Dura mater and arachnoid mater Vertebrae and dura mater Arachnoid mater and pia mater

Vertebrae and dura mater

The notochord eventually becomes the ______. meninges the posterior part of the spinal cord central regions of intervertebral discs bodies of vertebrae

central regions of intervertebral discs

The largest commissure of the brain that connects the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the________ ________.

corpus callosum

The cerebral hemispheres are divided into lobes named for the skull bones overlying them. These lobes are the_______,_______,______and_______lobes.

frontal parietal occipital temporal

The central sulcus divides the______ lobe from the______ lobe. frontal; temporal occipital; parietal temporal; parietal frontal; parietal

frontal, parietal

Fold on the surface of the cerebrum are called______.

gyri

What part of the embryonic brain gives rise to the medulla oblongata? Forebrain Midbrain Hindbrain

hindbrain

The structure of the diencephalon that regulates the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland is the________.

hypothalamus

The corpus callosum is the ______ bundle of commissural fibers in the brain. largest smallest

largest

The group of structures within the brain that are important in emotions and memory is called the______system.

limbic

The fissure that is the indentation that separates the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum is the________fissure.

longitudinal

The structure that separates the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum is the ______. longitudinal fissure lateral fissure central gyrus central sulcus

longitudinal fissure

The area of brainstem, just superior to the medulla oblongata, that forms a prominent bulge on the anterior aspect of the brainstem is the_______.

pons

Shallow grooves found all over the surface of the cerebrum are called_______.

sulcus

The lobe of the cerebrum that receives and integrates information for hearing and smell is the_______lobe.

temporal