Chapter 13: exercise physiology

A single bout of resistance exercise training increases muscle protein synthesis by as much as __% above resting levels

120-150

Following a single bout of resistance exercise training, muscle protein synthesis can remain elevated above baseline for as much as __ in both trained and untrained individuals

40-50 hours

Heritability (i.e genetics) determines approximately __ % of VO2 max variability in sedentary adults

50

High responders to endurance exercise training (i.e individuals that achieve large increases in VO2 max) can achieve up to __% improvement in VO2 max following a prolonged and intense training program

50

The enhanced capacity of the trained muscle to use fatty acids as a fuel results in

All are correct: increased uptake of fatty acids; decreased utilization of muscle glycogen; sparing of blood glucose

The initial decrease in VO2 max with detraining occurs because skeletal muscle adaptions (a-VO2 difference) are lost

false

The majority of evidence demonstrates that resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy is the result of muscle fiber hyperplasia

false

Following an acute bout to endurance exercise training, the increase in mitochondrial biogenesis occurs within __ following the completion of the exercise session

hours

Which of the following factors contributes to the endurance exercise training-induced improvement in VO2 max

increase maximal stroke volume

Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the endurance exercise training-induced increases in fat metabolism during exercise

increased fat storage in the liver

Which of the following physiological factors does NOT contribute to the endurance exercise training-induced increase in the maximal a-VO2 difference

increased hemoglobin in the blood

Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to the endurance exercise training-induced improvement in stroke volume during exercise?

increased peripheral resistance

After a 15-week program of endurance exercise training, which of the following cardiovascular variables does NOT decrease after 14 days of detraining?

maximal heart rate

During the first 10 weeks of a resistance training program, the initial increase in muscular strength are due primarily to

neural adaptions

Endurance training results in increased mitochondrial and capillary density in muscle but has no effect on muscle glycolytic capacity. This is an example of what training principle

specificity

Cross-sectional studies demonstrate that the physiological variable responsible for the large variation in VO2 max across the normal population is maximal

stroke volume

The increase in VO2 max that occurs following 4 months of endurance exercise training results from an increase in both maximal cardiac output and maximal a-VO2 difference. Relatively short durations of endurance exercise training (e.g 1-4months) increases VO2 max primarily by increasing

the maximal cardiac output

Research indicates that anyone can increase his or her VO2 max with training, yet a genetic predisposition is required to have a VO2 max comparable to that of an elite endurance athlete

true