Chapter 13 - Public Speaking for final

extemporaneous speech

a carefully prepared and rehearsed speech that is presented from a brief set of notes

monotone

a constant pitch or tone of voice

pause

a momentary break in the vocal delivery of a speech

vocalized pause

a pause that occurs when a speaker fills the silence between words with vocalizations such as "uh," "er," and "um"

impromptu speech

a speech delivered with little or no immediate preparation

manuscript speech

a speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience

dialect

a variety of a language distinguished by variations of accent, grammar, or vocab

vocal variety

changes in a speaker's rate, pitch, and volume that give the voice variety and expressiveness

inflections

changes in the pitch or tone of a speaker's voice

nonverbal communication

communication based on a person's use of voice and body, rather than on the use of words

eye contact

direct visual contact with the eyes of another person

What steps should you take when preparing for a question-and-answer session? What should you concentrate on when responding to questions during the session?

formulate answers to possible questions and practice the delivery of your answers. approach questions with a positive attitude, listen carefully, direct answers to the entire audience, be honest and straightforward, and stay on track

What are the five steps you should follow when practicing your speech delivery?

go through your preparation outline aloud, prepare your speaking outline, practice the speech aloud several times, polish and refine your delivery, and give your speech a dress rehearsal

What are the elements of good speech delivery?

it conveys the speaker's ideas clearly, interestingly, and without distracting the audience

Why is nonverbal communication important to effective public speaking?

it is based on how you use your voice and body to convey the message expressed by your words

gestures

motions of a speaker's hands or arms during a speech

What are four aspects of bodily action you should concentrate on in your speeches?

personal appearance, movement, gestures, and eye contact

conversational quality

presenting a speech so it sounds spontaneous no matter how many times it has been rehearsed

What are the four methods of speech delivery?

reading from a manuscript, reciting from memory, speaking impromptu, and speaking extemporaneously

pronunciation

the accepted standard of sound and rhythm for words in a given language

pitch

the highness or lowness of the speaker's voice

volume

the loudness or softness of the speaker's voice

articulation

the physical production of particular speech sounds

rate

the speed at which a person speaks

kinesics

the study of body motions as a systematic mode of communication

What are the eight aspects of voice usage you should concentrate on in your speeches?

volume, pitch, rate, pauses, vocal variety, pronunciation, articulation, and dialect