CHAPTER 14

* Strong supporter of expansion. * He thought the slavery issue would half expansion. * He wanted to be president and thought this would help him. * Wanted more railroads. * Thought popular sovereignty helped expansion. * Bill passes * Fight over bill majorly hurts the connection between North & South. * Destroyed the 2nd two parties system - Split Whigs right down the middle. * Coalitions that opposed the acts eventually go into the Republican party.

Explain why Douglas introduced the Kansas-Nebraska Bill, and the results of the Act's approval by Congress.

no African American could be a citizen of the United States

In the case of Dred Scott v. Sandford, the Supreme Court ruled that __________.

Abraham Lincoln

In the presidential election of 1860, whose name did not appear on the ballot in the southern states?

* Republican -Abraham Lincoln, winner,North * Northern Democratic - Stephen Douglas *Southern Democratic- John Brickridge * Constitutional Union - John Bell

Name the national candidates & winner in the election of 1860.

: Slavery divided American society culturally, legally, and morally. Religious congregations broke up, while more and more literature expressed the sentiments surrounding slaveholding. The Dred Scott decision stripped American blacks—free and slave alike—of most legal rights. Finally, Lincoln chose to oppose slavery on moral grounds, making freedom a human (and not simply legal) right.

What were the final events leading up to southern secession, and how did they reveal the profound divide between North and South?

the Mexican-American War

Which of the following threatened the parity of the Missouri Compromise?

* That territory settlers would determine slavery status in that territory. * North Democratic - They saw it as the first settler legislation would decide if its slavery or no slavery territory . They thought people would say no slavery. * Southern Democratic - The constitutional conviction will decide if slavery is allowed or not. * Slave holders would have got their and could make state slavery state.

Describe the basic tenets of popular (or squatter) sovereignty and name its major supporters.

* Dred Scott is a slave that lives free territory and sues for his freedom. * Issue in supreme court is should he be free * Supreme court said that he can't come to court because he is not a citizen * No African descent can become a citizen . Supreme court also said that congress could not decide if slavery was allowed in a territory.

Describe the findings of the Dred Scott case of 1857.

*Northern coalition that were opposed to slavery and popular sovereignty - Consisted of Northern Wigs, Liberty party, anti-slavery people, & some people of the Know Nothing party

Explain the origins of the Republican Party.

* Party was heavily against the SOuth * Lost power to influence election * South saw itself as having a minority status in the government.

Explain the political significance of the results of the election of 1860, and how southerners viewed this result.

* Lincoln - Slavery needs to be opposed as immoral, to keep slavery from being extended to the new territories. As well as abolish it eventually in the South. * Douglas - Saying slavery is immoral, threatens the Union because it will cause the South to secede * Results: - Douglas gets re-elected - Lincoln win respect with Republicans in the North - Debates sharpen the ideas of the Republican & made conpromise less likely.

Explain the principles & results of the Lincoln-Douglas debates.

* Constitution has right and did abolish slave trade when it had the chance. * Most people assumed Federal government could not abolish slavery in states where it already existed. * Future states acceptance on slavery - Constitution said nothing about slavery in new states. - Congress has power to admit new states so they assumed they could regulate slavery by saying your constitution must be prohibit or accept slavery. - Congress could regulate slavery in new territory

Explain the status of slavery in future states under the Constitution.

* California is admitted as a free state. * Popular sovereignty will choose if slavery is allowed or not in the two new territories ( Utah & Mexico territories) * New fugitive slave law creating a system to help slave holders capture escaped slaves. It was a nasty bill made it a federal crimes to help slaves. Courts would be held in South for slaves released issues. * Prohibits of slave trade in Washington DC. Boundary dispute between New Mexico & TX is been resolved.

Describe the basic parts of the Compromise of 1850.

Following the Mexican-American War, the newly added territories from the Mexican cession, combined with territories from the Louisiana Purchase, caused conflict over the expansion of slavery. Compromises were created to address the views of both the North and the South, but the compromise ultimately failed and, in the election of 1860, Lincoln won the presidency without any electoral support from the South.

How did conflict over slavery divide America along geographical and political lines in the mid-nineteenth century?

Manifest Destiny raised questions about states' rights. The Constitution did not permit the federal government to override state slavery laws, but the Wilmot Proviso attempted and failed to ban slavery in the Mexican cession. Despite that defeat, California was admitted as a free state under the Compromise of 1850, while the Fugitive Slave Act appeased the South.

How did territorial expansion intensify the conflict over slavery?

The Whig candidate lost in 1852 for supporting the antislavery cause, while the Kansas-Nebraska Act sought to repeal the Missouri Compromise—a move most northerners and some southerners considered abominable. This gave rise to Republicanism, which adhered to native Protestant values while supporting development in the West and opposing slavery. The 1856 election was largely a choice between rivals, one northern and one southern.

How did the two-party system change during this period?

A. the passage of a new, stronger fugitive slave law. B. the admission of California as a free state.

The Compromise of 1850 included: