Chapter 14 section 3 (Bio)

What is the most common trisomy?

Down syndrome or also known as Trisomy 21. 47,XX,+21

Is A Monosomy Inviable or viable?

Inviable

Is monosomy Inviable or Viable?

Inviable

Karyotype

It is the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species on a chart.

Monosomy

Means absence of ONE chromosome of a pair of homologous chromosomes.

Autosomal

Means pertaining to a chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.

Homologous

Means to have a similar relative person, structure, function or origin.

What is Down Syndrome's notation, what is it, and what causes it?

Notation: 47, XX, +21 This type of syndrome is a congenital disorder arising from a chromosome defect, causing intellectual impairment and physical abnormalities including short stature and a broad facial profile. It's CAUSED by trisomy 21 which means a THIRD copy of chromosome 21 is present in cells because of an abnormal cell division when the egg and sperm first meet.

What is Kleinfelter's Syndrome's notation, what is it, and what causes it?

Notation: 47, XXY. This is a syndrome that is a chromosomal condition that affects male physical and cognitive development. It's CAUSED by the presence of an EXTRA X chromosome in males that most often occurs when the genetic material in the egg splits unevenly. But it can also occur when the genetic material in the sperm splits unevenly.

What is Trisomy 13 (Patau) syndrome's notation, what is it, and what causes it?

Notation: 47, XY, +13 This syndrome is a chromosomal condition associated with severe intellectual disabilities and physical abnormalities in many parts of the body. This type of syndrome is CAUSED by a genetic disorder in which a person has 3 copies of genetic material from chromosome 13, instead of the usual 2 copies.

What 3 characteristics do you use to create the pattern?

Size, banding pattern, and Position of the Centromere.

Trisomy

This is the presence of ONE EXTRA chromosome with a pair.

Inviable

This means that the offspring is incapable of survival/ incapable of a normal life.

Is Klinefelter Syndrome Inviable or viable?

Viable

Is Trisomy 13 syndrome (Patau Syndrome) Inviable or Viable?

Viable; a person could survive.