Chapter 14 smart book Management

What conclusions can we draw from trait theory?

- A global mindset is an increasingly valued task-oriented trait. - The positive and "dark triad" traits suggest the qualities you should cultivate and avoid. - The implications of leadership traits cannot be ignored. - Organizations may want to consider personality and trait assessments in their selection and evaluation processes.

Richard's use of power is directed toward helping himself rather than helping others. This is an example of ______ power.

personalized

What type of leaders use inspirational motivation, idealized influence, individual consideration, and intellectual stimulation to pursue organizational goals?

Transformational

Leaders who exhibit ______ leadership behavior focus on clarifying tasks and setting goals to maximize output and efficiency.

initiating-structure

An organization's vision and strategic plan is created by ______ and then implemented by ______.

leaders; managers

The ability to influence employees to voluntarily pursue organizational goals is referred to as:

leadership.

In addition to emotional intelligence and agreeableness, what is a common positive interpersonal attribute of leaders?

Extraversion

House's revised path-goal theory has been tested enough to verify its overall conclusions.

False

Leadership is a narrow term that only refers to formal positions such as CEO and CFO.

False

Task-oriented leaders are best suited to handle all situations.

False

Women executives score lower than men on producing high-quality work.

False

Which leadership approach asserts that leadership behavior varies across a wide number of leadership styles, ranging from take-no-responsibility leadership to transformational leadership?

Full-range

Which leadership approach suggests that leadership behaviors vary along a continuum of leadership styles, from passive through transactional to transformational?

Full-range

A manager who exhibits ______ leadership behavior will pay more attention to production costs than employee morale.

initiating-structure

What are some of the implications of transformational leadership for managers?

- It requires ethical leadership. - It can be used to train employees at any level. - It can improve results for both individuals and groups.

Which implications are offered by House's revised path-goal theory?

- Leaders should modify their style to fit the employee characteristics and situational factors in the leadership situation. - Leaders should help employees achieve their goals by clarifying the path to those goals and removing obstacles to achieving them. - Effective leaders will possess and likely use more than one style of leadership.

Research demonstrates that transformational leadership yields positive results in several areas, including which of the following?

- Levels of intrinsic motivation, group cohesion, and work engagement - Leadership effectiveness and employee job satisfaction - Measures of organizational effectiveness

Which characteristics are associated with leaders rather than with managers?

-Being charismatic -Inspiring others -Being a visionary

What are some of the basic skills needed by leaders?

-Cognitive abilities -Interpersonal skills -Business skills -Conceptual skills

According to research findings, followers seek and admire leaders who create which of these feelings?

-Community -Excitement -Significance

What tends to increase as a person develops self-awareness?

-Creativity -Job satisfaction -Leadership effectiveness

Which leadership models are situational approaches?

-Fiedler's contingency model -House's path-goal model

In which ways do interpersonal skills help leaders in being effective?

-Influencing others -Working with diverse groups of people

Which of the following are forms of task-oriented leadership behaviors?

-Initiating-structure leadership -Production-centered leadership

Which of the following are aspects of considerate leader behavior?

-Promotes social interactions -Creates mutual respect -Encourages identification with the team

Which of the following are among the nine most common influence tactics?

-Rational persuasion -Consultation -Inspirational appeals

To be effective, a person employing influence tactics should do which of the following?

-Rely on the core. -Be subtle. -Be authentic.

What behaviors are considered to be abusive supervision?

-Shouting and insults -Public humiliation -Ignoring subordinates

Which are accurate statements concerning women and leadership?

-Women are more likely to use transformational leadership behaviors. -Women generally use a more participative style than men.

Ethical leadership encourages which of the following?

-Worker motivation -Job satisfaction

Which approach to leadership attempts to determine the actions and behaviors that effective leaders engage in when interacting with others?

Behavioral

Which of the following are common task-oriented traits of leaders?

Conscientiousness Emotional stability Intelligence

Which core influence tactic tends to work better than a legitimating tactic?

Consultation

Which approach to leadership asserts that a leader's effectiveness depends on the situation at hand?

Contingency

What type of leadership represents normatively appropriate behavior that focuses on being a moral role model?

Ethical

What is the relatively stable trait that is grounded in the belief that something greater than the self exists?

Humility

Jonathan manages a department of 10 people. Once he got to know each of the individual employees, he realized it would be best for him to approach them with projects in different ways. For example, Shaina likes to know the final goal of every project, while Carson only wants the details of his task. Which type of leadership is based on having different relationships with different subordinates?

Leader-member exchange

Which leadership model examines the quality of relationships between managers and subordinates and suggests that leaders have different relationships with different subordinates?

Leader-member exchange model

Natalie loves her work at the shoe production facility. She is inspired by the company because, for every pair of shoes someone buys, the company gives a pair of shoes to a child in need. What type of leadership is this company providing that empowers Natalie?

Leading for meaningfulness

What is defined as the process of influencing others to understand and agree about what needs to be done while facilitating individual and group efforts to accomplish those goals?

Managerial leadership

Which leadership model holds that an effective leader makes desirable rewards available to workers and increases workers' motivation by clearly outlining the behavior that will help them achieve those goals and rewards?

Path-goal leadership

Which leadership model states that successful leaders help followers by tying meaningful rewards to goal accomplishment, reducing barriers to achieving those goals, and providing subordinates with support?

Path-goal leadership

What is the term for power directed at helping yourself and furthering your own ends rather than those of others or the organization?

Personalized power

What type of leadership is primarily concerned with leaders' interactions with their subordinates and is aimed at enhancing the creation of a positive, nurturing work environment?

Relationship-oriented

What term describes understanding who you are and what you stand for?

Self-awareness

Which leadership approach focuses on providing increased service to others rather than to the leader?

Servant

What type of leader is described as a humble, giving person who wants nothing in return but to see other people succeed?

Servant leader

Your belief in your ability to influence people who are unlike you in a global context is called a ______.

global mind-set

According to the behavioral approaches to leadership, how should companies create effective managers?

Train them on task and relationship management.

Morgan considers Jessica an effective leader because she is intelligent, has high energy, and displays self-confidence. Morgan is characterizing Jessica based on which approach to leadership?

Trait

Tyrone's management style could best be described as the "carrot or the stick" approach. If his subordinates perform to expectations, he will reward them; if their performance falls short of expectations, he will punish them. Which leadership style does this describe?

Transactional

What type of leader excites passion, inspiring and empowering people to look beyond their own self-interest?

Transformational

Repeated verbal and nonverbal hostility toward a subordinate is called ______.

abusive supervision

Conrad and his wife, Olivia, are both managers at different companies. While Conrad prefers to allow his team to make decisions and come up with their own processes for completing tasks, Olivia prefers to tell her staff how to approach a project and who should be responsible for what. Each has a unique style, and both are effective. They both demonstrate the ______ leadership approach.

behavioral

Jordan enjoys working at his company because it has the philosophy that every employee is making an important contribution to achieve the company's goals. As a result, there is a mutual level of respect among all employees. In this situation, the company is creating a feeling of ______.

community

Leader behavior that is focused primarily on group members' needs and desires and is directed at creating mutual respect or trust is referred to as ______ leader behavior.

consideration

Fiedler's ______ leadership model is determined by whether a leader's style is task-oriented or relationship-oriented and if that style is effective for the situation at hand.

contingency

Although some people view ______ as a weakness, it is actually the belief that something greater than oneself exists.

humility

Conscious efforts to affect and change behaviors in others are known as ______ tactics

influence

The leadership aspect of managerial leaders is to ______, while the management part is to ______.

influence; facilitate

Employees' belief that they have some degree of control over their work is referred to as ______.

psychological empowerment

Trisha works hard to maintain a friendly, supportive climate in her department. Her motto is "People first, production second." Trisha exhibits ______ leadership.

relationship-oriented

Proponents of the ______ approach to leadership believe that the most effective leadership behavior depends on the circumstances at hand.

situational

Nicole runs a "tight ship" in her department. She expects her staff to follow the rules and procedures and is hands-on when it comes to making sure that the organization's production and productivity goals are met. Nicole would best be described as displaying ______ behaviors.

task-oriented

Attempts to identify distinctive characteristics that account for the effectiveness of leaders are called the ______ approaches to leadership.

trait

Candidates for the management development program at GenCo Enterprises must first complete a personality assessment to determine the distinctive characteristics that account for the effectiveness of leadership role. Based on this, it would appear that GenCo believes in the ___ approach to leadership.

trait

Leadership that focuses on clarifying employees' roles, explaining task requirements, and providing rewards or punishments based on performance is called ______ leadership.

transactional

The human resource director told James that, in his role as product supervisor, he would get the best work out of his staff by employing a reward system for a job done well. The human resource director is focused on ______ leadership.

transactional