chapter 15

The ______ Amendment guarantees citizenship to everyone born in the United States.

14

With the 1870 passage of the ______ Amendment, which gave all male citizens the right to vote, many reformers felt that their campaign on behalf of Black Americans was over because the vote allowed them to take care of themselves.

15th

Which groups were key supporters of educational reform in the South during Reconstruction?

Black Southerners the Freedmen's Bureau Northern philanthropic organizations

The Treaty of Washington was forged in 1871 to settle a dispute between the United States and Britain over the fact that

Britain had sold ships to the Confederacy during the Civil War.

Which statement best characterizes Grant's and most Republicans' position during the Panic of 1873?

Currency should be "sound" and based firmly on gold reserves.

The largest group of Republicans in the South during Reconstruction were

FORMER SLAVES

What was established in 1858 to help formerly enslaved people to forge independent lives?

Freedmen's Bureau

Andrew Johnson's Restoration plan did NOT require Southern states to

GRANT BLAJCS RIGHT TO VOTE

The Alabama claims were the result of the diplomatic work of

Hamilton Fish.

Which statement about Booker T. Washington's ideas is correct?

He favored industrial over classical education.

What was NOT among the reasons that Americans disapproved of President Grant?

He ignored established party members in favor of reform-minded politicians.

President Lincoln was attending a play at Ford's Theater when he was shot by

John Wilkes Booth.

What was the outcome of congressional Radicals' attempt to remove President Johnson from office?

Johnson was impeached by the House but acquitted by the Senate.

In the 1860s, the Black Codes were

LIMITPOWER OF BLACKS

WarningDue in less than 4 hours Question Mode Multiple Choice Question A group of ______ opposed President Grant's reelection and broke with the rest of the party to nominate Horace Greeley.

Liberal Republicans

In the 1890s, the level of white violence against Black people increased, most notably due to mobs. (Enter only one word per space and make sure to spell correctly.)

Lynch

How did the literacy test enacted in many Southern states affect potential voters?

Many Black people and some poor white people could not pass it.

Which of the following statements about the political activities of African Americans during Reconstruction are correct?

Many served as delegates to constitutional conventions. Nearly two dozen served in the U.S. Senate or House of Representatives. Many served in the state legislature or held other government jobs.

What were among the scandals that plagued the Grant administration?

Members of the Treasury Department were operating a "whiskey ring" that filed fraudulent tax reports. A construction company working with the Union Pacific created fraudulent contracts. The secretary of war accepted bribes to retain an Indian-post trader in office.

Which statement best describes life in the mill towns of the "New South"?

Owners and managers of the factories rigidly controlled mill town life.

The Fifteenth Amendment dealt with the issue of

SUFFRAGE

Which of the following is true of industrialization in the South?

Southern industry profits often flowed to the North.

Which statements about the 1867 congressional plan for Reconstruction are correct?

Ten Confederate states were put into five military districts. Congress rejected the Southern governments set up under Lincoln's and Johnson's plans.

Why did large-scale efforts to redistribute land in the South ultimately fail?

The federal government's authority to confiscate property came into question. President Johnson supported the rights of white landowners.

Which of the following was true about political activity in the South after the Compromise of 1877?

The southern ruling class largely consisted of merchants interested in economic development. Southern state governments were "redeemed" by white Democrats who advocated "home rule." The South fell under the control of a powerful group of Democrats operating as an oligarchy.

Which of the following are true of the agricultural system in the South in the 1870s and 1880s?

There was increasing absentee ownership of valuable farmlands. Much of the region implemented systems of tenantry and debt peonage. It relied on a few cash crops rather than a diversified agricultural system.

Which statement best describes the economic status of most formerly enslaved people at the end of the Civil War?

They had no possessions except for the clothes they wore.

Which of the following is true of African American officeholders in the South during Reconstruction?

They were underrepresentative of the Black population.

Which of the following were major components of Lincoln's proposed plan for Reconstruction?

Voters who had pledged loyalty to the Union could set up a state government. Southerners had to accept the abolition of slavery.

What was one of the greatest benefits of the South to industrialists?

a cheap labor force

Benefits to formerly enslaved people during Reconstruction included

a redistribution of income. the partial redistribution of landownership. the creation and strengthening of African American institutions.

Congressional passage of the Enforcement Acts in 1870 and 1871 was

aimed at reducing white repression of Black people.

How did the Radical Reconstruction bills define the voters who could elect representatives to state constitutional conventions?

all adult Black males and those white males who had not participated in the rebellion

Who was allowed to vote under the Fifteenth Amendment?

all male citizens regardless of color

According to the Constitution, the validation of disputed election returns is the responsibility of

congress

Which group thought that Southern states should only need to accept abolition before being readmitted to the Union?

consertvative republican

In order to accept Hayes as president, Southern Democrats required all the following concessions EXCEPT

construction of an expensive new transportation hub in Georgia.

White Southerners who wanted to compete with the North thought that the South should

create its own industrial economy.

In the ______ system of credit, merchants charged farmers exorbitant prices, which the farmers could not pay, and then demanded a lien on the farmers' crops as collateral.

crop lien

The Bourbon governments sought to overturn Reconstruction Era policies by

cutting back on government services. reducing government spending.

The 1876 presidential election was hotly contested because

disputed returns from four states threw the election in doubt.

What was NOT among the reactions of Northerners to Lincoln's assassination?

embracing Lincoln's plans for Reconstruction and a quick peace with the South

In the South, the crop-lien system

encouraged the planting of cash crops.

Under the Fourteenth Amendment, American citizens received

equal protection of state and federal laws.

Many scalawags, or Southern white Republicans, could also be classified as

farmers from remote areas. former Whigs.

What was a major goal of the Freedmen's Bureau that it failed to achieve?

fundamentally reforming land ownership in the South

Which activities were undertaken by groups such as the Ku Klux Klan, the Knights of the White Camellia, the Red Shirts, and the White League to undermine Reconstruction?

harassing and employing violence against Black people's attempts at political mobilization using terrorism to prevent Black Americans from voting

Most white Southerners expected the postwar South would

have local autonomy without federal government interference.

In 1865, white Southerners defined freedom as ______, and Black Southerners defined freedom as ______.

local and regional autonomy; independence from white control

The popular form of entertainment that openly mocked and degraded African American culture was known as the ______ show.

minstrel

The "ten percent" in Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan referred to the

number of white voters required to take loyalty oaths before setting up a state government.

Which activities were undertaken by the Freedmen's Bureau?

overseeing land redistribution setting labor contracts providing food, clothing, and education settling land disputes

In order to disenfranchise Black voters, many states developed a(n) pollBlank 1Blank 1 poll , Correct Unavailable tax.

polls tax

What did the Radical Republicans believe should be conditions for the readmission of seceded states?

protection of Black civil rights disenfranchisement of a large number of white Southerners confiscation of the property of wealthy Southerners who aided the Confederacy, and redistribution of land to those freed from slavery

What was NOT among the requirements for readmission to the Union according to the Reconstruction bills passed in 1867?

ratification of the Fifteenth Amendment

What contributed to the expansion of the textile industry in the South?

ready supply of cheap labor accommodating conservative governments low taxes

Booker T. Washington recommended that African Americans do which of the following?

refine their speech improve their dress attend school to learn skills

In most respects Andrew Johnson's Restoration

resembled the Wade-Davis Bill.

The Republicans' Specie Resumption Act

satisfied creditors.

What were Black "academies"?

schools for blacks

When Congress investigated the Crédit Mobilier construction company, it discovered

several Republicans, including the vice president, accepted stock in the company instead of investigating its wrongdoing.

In 1883, the Supreme Court ruled that ______ could not discriminate based on race, but ______ could.

state governments; private organizations

The so-called civil rights cases of 1883

stripped the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments of much of their significance.

In reality, Reconstruction in general did not negatively affect the lives of Southern white elites.

t

Booker T. Washington's 1895 "Atlanta Compromise" speech called for

tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation.

Use of intimidation and violence to undermine Reconstruction regimes was most intense in states where

the Black population was a majority or the two races were almost equal.

National support for Reconstruction was undermined by

the adoption of the Fifteenth Amendment. the Panic of 1873. the growing political strength of Democrats. perceptions of Black-and-carpetbag misgovernment in the South.

In the 1890s, the Black journalist Ida B. Wells devoted her writing to attacking

the crime of lynching.

The Enforcement Acts, also known as the Ku Klux Klan Acts, authorized

the federal government to prosecute crimes committed by individuals under federal law. the president to use military force to protect civil rights.

Congress overrode Johnson's veto in order to enact ______, which declared Black Americans citizens of the United States.

the first Civil Rights Act

For what reason, described in his inaugural address, did President Hayes withdraw troops from Southern states and allow white Democrats to take over Southern state governments?

to restore peaceful local self-government

The Panic of 1873 affected Reconstruction by

undermining support for Reconstruction policies.

Which of the following describes the majority of white Northerners who moved to the South during Reconstruction?

veterans of the Union Army who viewed the South as a promising frontier

Radicals in the House led the charge to impeach President Johnson after he

violated the Tenure of Office Act by firing Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.

By the end of Reconstruction, most Southern Black women

were engaged in income-producing activities.