Chapter 15 Lecture: Health Psychology

Which of the following is true of sleep terror disorder?

It occurs most often in children.

_____ is a condition in which blood flows through vessels with excessive force, putting pressure on vessel walls.

hypertension

People with ____ circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder have sleep that tends to be fragmented into at least three periods per 24 hours?

irregular sleep-wake type

Which of the following involves recurrent attacks of an irrepressible need to sleep, lapses into sleep, or naps occurring within the same day?

narcolepsy

Which of the following age-groups spend the maximum sleeping time in REM sleep?

newborn infants

When people with narcolepsy waken, they may experience brief periods when they can't move or speak, referred to as:

sleep paralysis.

People who sleep fewer than 6 hours each night have a _____ percent higher mortality rate than those who sleep at least 7 or 8 hours each night

70

When a stressor is chronic and a person or animal cannot fight it or flee from it, then the chronic physiological arousal that results can be severely damaging to the body. What is this condition known as?

Allostatic load

Which of the following occurs when the blood vessels that supply the heart muscles are narrowed or closed by the gradual buildup of a hard, fatty substance and inflammation of the vessel walls, blocking the flow of oxygen and nutrients to the heart?

Coronary heart disease

Raymond usually sleeps 12 hours at a stretch but then wakes up feeling sleepy. He also falls asleep during team meetings in his office. This has been going on for months now, and is putting his career in jeopardy. Which of the following conditions is Raymond probably suffering from?

Hypersomnulence

Which of the following occurs in the first stage of sleep?

Less regular and lower amplitude brain waves

Who is credited with discovering that there is a physiological basis for the ancient theory that laughter is good medicine?

Norman Cousins

After an adult has been asleep for an hour or so, the EEG becomes very active. This stage is known as:

REM sleep.

Why do people from Asian cultures tend to be more reluctant than European Americans to reach out to others for social support or to express their personal concerns?

They are concerned about potential harm to their relationships if they do so.

According to studies, which of the following is generally true of pessimistic people?

They see negative events as their fault.

The personality factor traditionally linked to coronary heart disease is the _____ behavior pattern.

Type A

When does obstructive sleep apnea occur?

When airflow is stopped due to a narrow airway or an obstruction in the airway.

In the context of gender responses to stress, which of the following observations is true?

Women are more physiologically reactive to marital conflict.

An assessment of how people sleep can be obtained using a wristwatch-like device called a(n) _____, which records movement.

actigraph

When we fall asleep and when we awaken are strongly influenced by our biological rhythms, particularly:

body temperature rhythms.

Hostile people have greater secretion of the stress-related biochemicals known as:

catecholamines.

Ninety percent of hypertension cases in the United States can be classified as essential hypertension, meaning that the:

causes are unknown.

Since 1990, more people have died from _____ than from any other cause.

coronary heart disease

People in high-stress jobs are at increased risk for coronary heart disease (CHD), particularly if their jobs are:

highly demanding but provide them little control.

An individual who has insomnia at least three nights per week for at least three months is likely to be diagnosed with ______.

insomnia disorder

Dreaming occurs during the:

rapid eye movement sleep.

Both depression and coronary heart disease (CHD) are linked to genes that alter the functioning of the:

serotonin system.

Which of the following is the social/environmental factor most often studied by health psychologists?

stress

Studies of Asians and Asian Americans find that they derive more emotional and physiological benefit from their social network by:

using more implicit forms of seeking social support.