Chapter 16: America's Gilded Age, 1870—1890

Identify the statements that describe the economic changes that occurred between 1870 and 1920.

-Between 1870 and 1920, the percentage of people employed in agriculture decreased significantly. -The GNP per capita between 1870 and 1920 more than doubled. -Between 1870 and 1920, the percentage of people employed in industry grew significantly.

Identify the statements that describe liberal reformers during the Gilded Age.

-Liberal reformers feared that as lower classes looked to use government to further their own interests, democracy was becoming a threat to individual liberty and the rights to property. -Some liberal reformers urged a return to property qualifications for voting.

Identify the statements that describe working conditions and policies during the Gilded Age in America.

-Many industrial workers labored with no pensions, compensation for injuries, or protections against unemployment. -"The miner's freedom" consisted of work rules that left skilled miners free of managerial supervision on the job.

Identify the statements that describe examples of Christian moral reform and its successful attempts to stamp out sin.

-Women's Christian Temperance Union -Mann Act of 1910 -Gambling, prostitution, polygamy, and birth control were all targets of the legislation attempts to control or eliminate by Evangelical Christians in the Gilded Age.

During the Gilded Age, the federal government sought to define the place of Native Americans in society and address questions of indigenous citizenship. Place the following events in chronological order.

-Congress eliminated the treaty system with native tribes. -the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in Elk v.Wilkins that citizenship did not apply to Native Americans. -The Dawes Act was passed, dividing tribal land into parcels of land open for white settlement. -Congress extended citizenship to all Native Americans.

Identify the statements that describe the Haymarket Affair.

-Four strikers were killed by police on May 3, 1886, when they clashed with strikebreakers. -Eight men were charged with carrying out the bombing

What are Chief Joseph's complaints about the treatment of his people?

-He leveraged vertical integration to create the largest and most technologically advanced steel factories in the world. -Carnegie distributed much of his wealth to various philanthropies

Identify the statements that describe "robber barons."

-John D. Rockefeller was considered by many to be the worst of the robber barons -Ironically, many of the "robber barons" rose from modest backgrounds and seemed examples of how creative genius and business sense enabled Americans to seize success.

During this period of time, how did the workers' ideas of freedom differ from those held by the owners and managers of the industry, and how did the courts construe freedom?

-Laborers looked to the government to protect their rights and ensure fair working conditions. -Owners did not want the government to regulate business or interfere in the economy. -The courts overturned numerous laws that controlled aspects of economic activity.

Identify the statements that describe the political scene in the United States during the Gilded Age.

-Powerful new corporations raised disturbing questions about the American understanding of political freedom and self-government. -Americans during the Gilded Age saw the country as an island of democracy in a world dominated by undemocratic governments.

As the United States matured into an industrial economy, Americans struggled to make sense of a new social order that included "better classes," "respectable classes," and "dangerous classes." Identify the statements that describe the nation's social problems during the Gilded Age.

-There was a growing permanent factory population living on the edge of poverty alongside a growing class of millionaires, which posed a sharp challenge to traditional definitions of freedom. -Throughout the United States, state and local governments set up investigative committees to inquire into the relations between labor and capital in the face of increasing unrest.

Identify the events and conditions that led to the second industrial revolution that took place between the Civil War and the early twentieth century.

-There was money available for investment. -The federal government enacted tariffs that protected American industry from foreign competition. -The country had a growing supply of labor and an expanding market for manufactured goods.

Identify the statements that describe the Ghost Dance and Wounded Knee massacre.

-U.S. troops opened fire on Ghost Dancers, killing 150 to 200 of them. -Fearful of a general uprising on the reservations, the U.S. government sent troops in response to the Ghost Dance.

Analyze the cartoon below titled "The Greatest Department Store on Earth," from Puck magazine (November 29, 1899). How does this artist depict the American economy during the Gilded Age?

-Uncle Sam sold its manufactured products throughout the globe. -The American economy was diversified, not reliant on just one product.

In settler societies such as the United States and____1______, white settlers coveted indigenous____2_____, resulting in the ____3____ of the indigenous population.

1. Australia 2. Land 3. Destruction

In 1879, the United States went off the gold standard to help debt-ridden farmers.

False

The Battle of the Little Bighorn was an example of how the Indians occasionally managed to defeat army units as they sought to defend their tribal lands.

True

Between the end of the Civil War and the early twentieth century, the United States experienced stagnant economic growth and the loss of international markets.

False

Most of the farms on the Great Plains were bonanza farms that covered thousands of acres and employed large numbers of agricultural wage workers.

False

The conquest of the American West was a unique phenomenon in global history, whereby settlers moved boldly into the interior of regions of a great continent with a temperate climate, bringing their families, crops, and livestock, and establishing mining and other industries.

False